Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
  • د افغانستان اسلامي امارت (Pashto)
    Də Afġānistān Islāmī Imārat
  • امارت اسلامی افغانستان (Dari)
    Imārat-i Islāmī-yi Afghānistān
Motto: لا إله إلا الله، محمد رسول الله
Lā ʾilāha ʾillā llāh, Muhammadun rasūlu llāh
"There is no god but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God." (Shahadah)
Anthem: دا د باتورانو کور
Dā Də Bātorāno Kor
"This Is the Home of the Brave"[2]
Afghanistan (orthographic projection).svg
Afghanistan - Location Map (2013) - AFG - UNOCHA.svg
StatusUN member state under an unrecognized government
Capital
and largest city
Kabul
34°31′N 69°11′E / 34.517°N 69.183°E / 34.517; 69.183Coordinates: 34°31′N 69°11′E / 34.517°N 69.183°E / 34.517; 69.183[3]
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2019 unofficial estimates)[a][5][6][7][8]
Religion
(2009)
Demonym(s)Afghan[b][11][12]
GovernmentUnitary totalitarian[13] provisional theocratic Islamic emirate[14]
• Supreme Leader
Hibatullah Akhundzada
• Prime Minister
Hasan Akhund (acting)
• Chief Justice
Abdul Hakim Ishaqzai
Legislaturenone[c]
Formation
• Hotak dynasty
17091738
• Durrani Empire
1747–1823
• Emirate
1823–1839
• Restoration of the Durrani Kingdom
1839–1842
• Restoration of the Emirate
1842–1926
• Dost Mohammad unites Afghanistan
27 May 1863
• Anglo-Afghan Agreement
26 May 1879
• Independence
19 August 1919
• Kingdom
9 June 1926
• Republic
17 July 1973
• Democratic Republic
27–28 April 1978
• Islamic State
28 April 1992
• Islamic Emirate
27 September 1996
• Islamic Republic
26 January 2004
• Restoration of Islamic Emirate
15 August 2021
Area
• Total
652,867[19] km2 (252,073 sq mi) (40th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
38,346,720[20] (37th)
• Density
48.08/km2 (124.5/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
$81.007 billion[21]
• Per capita
$2,459[21]
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
$20.136 billion[21]
• Per capita
$611[21]
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.478[22][23]
low · 180th
CurrencyAfghani (افغانی) (AFN)
Time zoneUTC+4:30
Lunar Calendar[24]
(Afghanistan Time)
DST is not observed[25]
Driving sideright
Calling code+93
ISO 3166 codeAF
Internet TLD.af
افغانستان.
Republic of Albania
Republika e Shqipërisë (Albanian)
Motto: Ti Shqipëri, më jep nder,
më jep emrin Shqipëtar

"You Albania, give me honour,
you give me the name Albanian"
Anthem: "Himni i Flamurit"
"Hymn to the Flag"
Location Albania Europe.png
Capital
and largest city
Tirana
41°19′N 19°49′E / 41.317°N 19.817°E / 41.317; 19.817
Official languagesAlbanian
Recognised minority languages
Religion
(2020)
Demonym(s)Albanian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Bajram Begaj
• Prime Minister
Edi Rama
• Parliament Speaker
Lindita Nikolla
LegislatureKuvendi
Establishment history
• Principality of Arbanon
1190
• Kingdom of Albania
February 1272
• Princedom of Albania
1368
• League of Lezhë
2 March 1444
• Principality of Mirdita
1515
• Pashalik of Scutari/Janina
1757/1787
• Proclamation of independence from the Ottoman Empire
28 November 1912
• Principality of Albania
29 July 1913
• 1st Republic of Albania
31 January 1925
• Kingdom of Albania
1 September 1928
• 2nd Republic of Albania
11 January 1946
• 3rd Republic of Albania
28 December 1976
• 4th Republic of Albania
29 April 1991
• Current constitution
28 November 1998
Area
• Total
28,748 km2 (11,100 sq mi) (140th)
• Water (%)
4.7
Population
• January 2022 estimate
Neutral decrease 2,793,592[2]
• 2011 census
2,821,977[3]
• Density
97/km2 (251.2/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $51.1 billion[4] (118th)
• Per capita
Increase $17.858[4] (85th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $18.25 billion[4] (125th)
• Per capita
Decrease $6,369[4] (96th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 34.3[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.796[6]
high · 67th
CurrencyLek (ALL)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+355
ISO 3166 codeAL
Internet TLD.al
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
  • الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية (Arabic)
    al-Jumhūriyya al-Jazāʾiriyya ad-Dīmuqrāṭiyya aš‑Šaʿbiyya
  • République algérienne démocratique et populaire (French)
Motto: بالشعب وللشعب
("By the people and for the people")[1][2]
Anthem: Kassaman
(English: "We Pledge")
Location of Algeria (dark green)
Location of Algeria (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Algiers
36°42′N 3°13′E / 36.700°N 3.217°E / 36.700; 3.217
Official languages
Other languagesAlgerian Arabic
French[3][a]
Ethnic groups
[4]
Religion
Demonym(s)Algerian
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Abdelmadjid Tebboune
• Prime Minister
Aymen Benabderrahmane
• Council President
Salah Goudjil
• Assembly President
Ibrahim Boughali
LegislatureParliament
Council of the Nation
People's National Assembly
Formation
• Numidia Unification
202 BC
• Mauretania Caesariensis
42
• Kingdom of Ouarsenis
430
• Kingdom of Altava
477
• Ifranid Emirate of Agadir (Tlemcen)
757
• Rustamid dynasty
776
• Sulaymanid dynasty
786
• Zirid dynasty
972
• Hammadid dynasty
1014
• Zayyanid dynasty
1235
• Regency of Algiers
1516
• Emirate of Abdelkader
1832
• French Algeria
5 July 1830
• Modern Algeria
5 July 1962
Area
• Total
2,381,741 km2 (919,595 sq mi) (10th)
• Water (%)
1.1
Population
• 2021 estimate
44,700,000[5] (32nd)
• Density
17.7/km2 (45.8/sq mi) (168th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $708.568 billion[6] (43rd)
• Per capita
Increase $13,324[6] (111th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $190.155 billion[6] (58th)
• Per capita
Increase $4,151[6] (130th)
Gini (2011)27.6[7][8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.745[9]
high · 91st
CurrencyAlgerian dinar (DZD)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+213
ISO 3166 codeDZ
Internet TLD.dz
الجزائر.
Principality of Andorra[1]
Principat d'Andorra (Catalan)
Motto: Virtus Unita Fortior (Latin)
"United virtue is stronger"[2]
Anthem: El Gran Carlemany (Catalan)
"The Great Charlemagne"
Location of Andorra (centre of green circle) in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]
Location of Andorra (centre of green circle)

in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Andorra la Vella
42°30′23″N 1°31′17″E / 42.50639°N 1.52139°E / 42.50639; 1.52139
Official languagesCatalan[1][a]
Ethnic groups
(2017[3])
Religion Christianity (Catholic Church)
Demonym(s)Andorran
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional semi-theocratic elective diarchy
• Co-Princes
• Representatives
• Prime Minister
Xavier Espot Zamora
• General Syndic
Roser Suñé Pascuet
LegislatureGeneral Council
Independence
• from the Crown of Aragon
8 September 1278[6][7]
• from the French Empire
1814
• Constitution
2 February 1993
Area
• Total
467.63 km2 (180.55 sq mi) (178th)
• Water (%)
0.26 (121.4 ha)[b]
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 79,877[9] (203rd)
• Density
179.8/km2 (465.7/sq mi) (71st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
US$3.400 billion[10]
• Per capita
$41,930
Gini (2003)27.21[c]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.858[12]
very high · 40th
CurrencyEuro ()[d] (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+01 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+02 (CEST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright[13]
Calling code+376
ISO 3166 codeAD
Internet TLD.ad[e]
Republic of Angola
República de Angola (Portuguese)
Motto: 
  • Virtus Unita Fortior (Latin)
  • (English: "Virtue is stronger when united")
Anthem: "Angola Avante"
(English: "Onwards Angola")
Angola (orthographic projection).svg
Location Angola AU Africa.svg
Angola - Location Map (2013) - AGO - UNOCHA.svg
Capital
and largest city
Luanda
8°50′S 13°20′E / 8.833°S 13.333°E / -8.833; 13.333
Official languagePortuguese
National languages
Ethnic groups
(2021)[1]
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
João Lourenço
• Vice President
Esperança da Costa[3]
LegislatureNational Assembly
Formation
• Independence from Portugal, under Communist rule
11 November 1975
• United Nations full membership
22 November 1976
• Current constitution
21 January 2010
Area
• Total
1,246,700 km2 (481,400 sq mi) (22nd)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
34,795,287[4] (42nd)
• 2014 census
25,789,024[5]
• Density
24.97/km2 (64.7/sq mi) (157th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$245.44 billion[6] (62nd)
• Per capita
Increase$7,455[6] (129th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $124.79 billion[6] (61st)
• Per capita
Increase$3,791[6] (125th)
Gini (2018)51.3[7]
high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.588[8]
medium · 146th
CurrencyAngolan kwanza (AOA)
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+244
ISO 3166 codeAO
Internet TLD.ao
Preceded by
People's Republic of Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Motto: "Each Endeavouring, All Achieving"
Anthem: "Fair Antigua, We Salute Thee"
Location of Antigua and Barbuda
Capital
and largest city
St. John's
17°7′N 61°51′W / 17.117°N 61.850°W / 17.117; -61.850
Vernacular languageAntiguan and Barbudan
Working languageEnglish[2]
Ethnic groups
(2011[3])
Religion
(2020[4])
  • 3.6% Rastafari
  • 1.9% No religion
  • 1.1% Baha'i faith
  • 0.7% Other
Demonym(s)Antiguan and Barbudan
Antiguan
Barbudan
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Sir Rodney Williams
• Prime Minister
Gaston Browne
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Representatives
Formation
• Union
23 September 1859[5]
• Annexation of Redonda
26 March 1872
• Parish Boundaries Act
17 December 1873[6]
• Associated State
27 February 1967
• Independence
1 November 1981
Area
• Total
440 km2 (170 sq mi) (182nd)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
100,772[7] (182nd)
• 2011 census
84,816
• Density
186/km2 (481.7/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
$2.454 billion (196th)
• Per capita
$24,012[8] (94th)
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.864 billion (193rd)
• Per capita
$18,244[8] (75th)
GiniNegative increase 53.0[9][10]
high
HDI (2019)Increase 0.778[11]
high · 78th
CurrencyEast Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Time zoneUTC-4 (AST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1-268
ISO 3166 codeAG
Internet TLD.ag
Website
ab.gov.ag
  1. The English language is the only one used in legislation, decrees, resolutions, official documents, and public acts; although not declared official de jure, this makes it the country's sole "working language" in accordance with the constitution. [12]
Argentine Republic[A]
República Argentina (Spanish)
Motto: 
Anthem: Himno Nacional Argentino
("Argentine National Anthem")
Sol de Mayo[2]
(Sun of May)

Sol de Mayo-Bandera de Argentina.svg
Argentine territory in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled territory in light green.
Argentine territory in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled territory in light green.
Capital
and largest city
Buenos Aires
34°36′S 58°23′W / 34.600°S 58.383°W / -34.600; -58.383
Official languagesSpanish[a]
Recognized regional languages
Religion
(2022)[7]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentFederal presidential constitutional republic
• President
Alberto Fernández
• Vice President
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
• Chief of the Cabinet of Ministers
Agustín Rossi
• President of the Chamber of Deputies
Cecilia Moreau
• President of Supreme Court
Horacio Rosatti
LegislatureNational Congress
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Independence 
from Spain
• May Revolution
25 May 1810
• Declared
9 July 1816
• Constitution
1 May 1853
Area
• Total
2,780,400 km2 (1,073,500 sq mi)[B] (8th)
• Water (%)
1.57
Population
• 2022 census
Neutral increase 46,044,703[9] (32nd)
• Density
14.4/km2 (37.3/sq mi)[8] (214th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.274 trillion[10] (30th)
• Per capita
Increase $27,261[10] (66th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $641.1 billion[10] (23th)
• Per capita
Increase $13,709[10] (65th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 42.3[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.842[12]
very high · 47th
CurrencyArgentine peso ($) (ARS)
Time zoneUTC−3 (ART)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright[b]
Calling code+54
ISO 3166 codeAR
Internet TLD.ar
  1. ^ Though not declared official de jure, the Spanish language is the only one used in the wording of laws, decrees, resolutions, official documents and public acts thus making it the de facto official language.
  2. ^ Since 10 June 1945, but trains are still driven on left.
Republic of Armenia
Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն
Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun
Motto: Մեկ Ազգ, Մեկ Մշակույթ
Mek Azg, Mek Mshakuyt
"One Nation, One Culture"
Anthem: Մեր Հայրենիք
Mer Hayrenik
"Our Fatherland"
Location of Armenia
Location of Armenia
Capital
and largest city
Yerevan
40°11′N 44°31′E / 40.183°N 44.517°E / 40.183; 44.517Coordinates: 40°11′N 44°31′E / 40.183°N 44.517°E / 40.183; 44.517
Official languagesArmenian[1]
Ethnic groups
(2011)
Religion
Christianity (Armenian Apostolic Church)[4]
Demonym(s)Armenian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Vahagn Khachaturyan
• Prime Minister
Nikol Pashinyan
• President of the National Assembly
Alen Simonyan
LegislatureNational Assembly
Establishment
• Orontid dynasty
6th century BC
• Kingdom of Armenia[5]
321 BC–428 AD
• Artaxiad dynasty[6][7]
190 BC
• Arsacid dynasty
52–428
• Bagratid Armenia
885–1045
• Kingdom of Cilicia
1198–1375
• Republic of Armenia
28 May 1918
• Soviet conquest; Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
29 November 1920
• Independence restored
23 September 1991
• CIS Accession
21 December 1991
• Admitted to the United Nations
2 March 1992
• Current constitution
5 July 1995
Area
• Total
29,743 km2 (11,484 sq mi) (138th)
• Water (%)
4.71[8]
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral decrease 3,000,756[9] (138th)
• Density
101.5/km2 (262.9/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $57.740 billion[10] (115th)
• Per capita
Increase $19,489[10] (81st)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $23.725 billion[10] (115th)
• Per capita
Increase $8,008[10] (85th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 29.9[11]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.759[12]
high · 85th
CurrencyDram (֏) (AMD)
Time zoneUTC+4 (AMT)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+374
ISO 3166 codeAM
Internet TLD
Website
www.gov.am
Commonwealth of Australia
Anthem: "Advance Australia Fair"[N 1]
A map of the eastern hemisphere centred on Australia, using an orthographic projection.
Commonwealth of Australia, including the Australian territorial claim in the Antarctic
CapitalCanberra
35°18′29″S 149°07′28″E / 35.30806°S 149.12444°E / -35.30806; 149.12444
Official languagesNone at the federal level
National languageEnglish[N 2]
Religion
(2021)[3]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentFederal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
David Hurley
• Prime Minister
Anthony Albanese
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence 
• Federation and Constitution
1 January 1901
• Statute of Westminster Adoption Act
9 October 1942 (with effect
from 3 September 1939)
• Australia Act
3 March 1986
Area
• Total
7,692,024 km2 (2,969,907 sq mi) (6th)
• Water (%)
1.79 (2015)[6]
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 26,460,300[7] (53rd)
• 2021 census
25,890,773[8]
• Density
3.4/km2 (8.8/sq mi) (192nd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.718 trillion[9] (20th)
• Per capita
Increase $65,366[9] (22nd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.708 trillion[9] (13th)
• Per capita
Decrease $64,964[9] (10th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 32.5[10]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.951[11]
very high · 5th
CurrencyAustralian dollar ($) (AUD)
Time zoneUTC+8; +9.5; +10 (Various[N 3])
• Summer (DST)
UTC+8; +9.5; +10;
+10.5; +11
(Various[N 3])
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
yyyy-mm-dd[12]
Driving sideleft
Calling code+61
ISO 3166 codeAU
Internet TLD.au
Republic of Austria
Republik Österreich (German)
Anthem: Bundeshymne der Republik Österreich
"National Anthem of the Republic of Austria"
Location of Austria (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]
Location of Austria (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Vienna
48°12′N 16°21′E / 48.200°N 16.350°E / 48.200; 16.350
Official languageGerman[a][b]
Official regional languages
Ethnic groups
(2020)[3]
Religion
(2021)[4]
  • 26.4% no religion
  • 8.3% Islam
  • 1.2% other
Demonym(s)Austrian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary republic[5]
• President
Alexander Van der Bellen
• Chancellor
Karl Nehammer
LegislatureParliament
Federal Council
National Council
Formation
• Name
1 November 996
• Duchy
17 September 1156
• Archduchy
6 January 1453
• Empire
11 August 1804
• Austria-Hungary
30 March 1867
• German-Austria
12 November 1918
• First Republic
10 September 1919
• Federal State
1 May 1934
• Anschluss
12 March 1938
• Second Republic
27 April 1945
• State Treaty
27 July 1955
Area
• Total
83,871 km2 (32,383 sq mi) (113th)
• Water (%)
0.84 (2015)[6]
Population
• April 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 9,027,999[7] (98th)
• Density
107.6/km2 (278.7/sq mi) (106th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $700.203 billion[8] (43rd)
• Per capita
Increase $64,750[8] (14th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $479.820 billion[8] (33rd)
• Per capita
Increase $53,320[8] (17th)
Gini (2021)Positive decrease 26.7[9]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.916[10]
very high · 25th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy[citation needed]
Driving sideright
Calling code+43
ISO 3166 codeAT
Internet TLD.at
Republic of Azerbaijan
Azərbaycan Respublikası (Azerbaijani)
Anthem: Azərbaycan marşı
"March of Azerbaijan"
Azerbaijan - Location Map (2013) - AZE - UNOCHA.svg
Azerbaijan with Nagorno Karabakh region.svg
Location of Azerbaijan (green) with territory controlled by the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh shown in light green.[a]
Capital
and largest city
Baku
40°23′43″N 49°52′56″E / 40.39528°N 49.88222°E / 40.39528; 49.88222
Official languagesAzerbaijani[1]
Minority languagesSee full list
Ethnic groups
(2009[2])
Religion
(2021[b])
[3][4]
Demonym(s)
  • Azerbaijani, Azeri
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic[5]
• President
Ilham Aliyev
• Vice President
Mehriban Aliyeva
• Prime Minister
Ali Asadov
• National Assembly Speaker
Sahiba Gafarova
LegislatureNational Assembly
Formation
• Democratic Republic
28 May 1918
• Soviet Socialist Republic
28 April 1920
• Independence from Soviet Union
  • 30 August 1991 (declared)
  • 18 October 1991 (independence)
  • 25 December 1991 (completed)
• Constitution adopted
12 November 1995
Area
• Total
86,600 km2 (33,400 sq mi) (112th)
• Water (%)
1.6
Population
• 2022 estimate
10,353,296[6] (90th)
• Density
117/km2 (303.0/sq mi) (99th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase$189.8 billion[7] (79th)
• Per capita
Increase$18,310[7] (87th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $71.2 billion[7] (82nd)
• Per capita
Increase $6,872[7] (88th)
Gini (2008)Negative increase 33.7[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.745[9]
high · 91st
CurrencyManat (₼) (AZN)
Time zoneUTC+4 (AZT)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+994
ISO 3166 codeAZ
Internet TLD.az
Commonwealth of The Bahamas
Motto: "Forward, Upward, Onward, Together"
Anthem: "March On, Bahamaland"
Location of The Bahamas
Capital
and largest city
Nassau
25°04′41″N 77°20′19″W / 25.07806°N 77.33861°W / 25.07806; -77.33861
Official languagesEnglish
Vernacular languageBahamian Creole
Ethnic groups
(2010)
Religion
(2020)[4]
  • 4.5% no religion
  • 1.9% folk religions
  • 0.6% other
Demonym(s)Bahamian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary
constitutional monarchy[5][6]
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Sir Cornelius A. Smith
• Prime Minister
Philip Davis
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Assembly
Independence 
• Realm
10 July 1973[7]
Area
• Total
13,878 km2 (5,358 sq mi) (155th)
• Water (%)
28%
Population
• 2022 estimate
400,516 (170th)
• 2022 census
399,314[8]
• Density
25.21/km2 (65.3/sq mi) (181st)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
$17.479 billion[9]
• Per capita
$43,913[9]
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
$14.114 billion[9]
• Per capita
$35,458[9]
HDI (2019)Increase 0.814[10]
very high · 58th
CurrencyBahamian dollar (BSD) United States dollar (USD)
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
• Summer (DST)
UTC−4 (EDT)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1 242
ISO 3166 codeBS
Internet TLD.bs
  1. ^ Also referred to as Bahamian[11]
Kingdom of Bahrain
مملكة البحرين (Arabic)
Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn
Anthem: بحريننا
Baḥraynunā
Our Bahrain
Location of Bahrain (in green)
Location of Bahrain (in green)
Capital
and largest city
Manama
26°13′N 50°35′E / 26.217°N 50.583°E / 26.217; 50.583
Official languagesArabic[1]
Recognised languagesEnglish[2][3]
Ethnic groups
(2020)[4]
Religion
(2020)[5]
Demonym(s)Bahraini
GovernmentUnitary Islamic parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
• King
Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
• Crown Prince and Prime Minister
Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa
LegislatureNational Assembly
Consultative Council
Council of Representatives
Establishment
• Al Khalifa dynasty
1783
• Declared Independence[6]
14 August 1971
• Independence from United Kingdom[7]
15 August 1971
• Admitted to the United Nations
21 September 1971
• Kingdom of Bahrain
14 February 2002
Area
• Total
786.5[8] km2 (303.7 sq mi) (173rd)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2021 estimate
1,463,265[9][10] (149th)
• 2020 census
1,501,635[4]
• Density
1,864/km2 (4,827.7/sq mi) (6th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $87.150 billion[11] (101st)
• Per capita
Increase $57,142[12] (23rd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $44.169 billion[12] (97th)
• Per capita
Increase $29,103[12] (39th)
HDI (2021)Increase 0.875[13]
very high · 35th
CurrencyBahraini dinar (BHD)
Time zoneUTC+3 (AST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+973
ISO 3166 codeBH
Internet TLD.bh
Website
bahrain.bh
  1. Since 17 November 1967[14]
  2. 46% are Bahraini citizens, 4.7% are other Arabs.
People's Republic of Bangladesh
  • গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ (Bengali)
  • Gônoprojatontrī Bangladesh
Anthem: "Amar Sonar Bangla" (Bengali)
"My Golden Bengal"
March: "Notuner Gaan"
"The Song of Youth"[1]
National Slogan: "Joy Bangla"
"Victory to Bengal"[2][3]
Official Seal of the Government of Bangladesh
  • Seal of the Government of Bangladesh
Bangladesh (orthographic projection).svg
Capital
and largest city
Dhaka
23°45′50″N 90°23′20″E / 23.76389°N 90.38889°E / 23.76389; 90.38889
Official language
and national language
Bengali[4]
Ethnic groups
(2022[8])
Religion
Demonym(s)Bangladeshi
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party parliamentary republic
• President
Mohammed Shahabuddin
• Prime Minister
Sheikh Hasina
• Speaker of the Parliament
Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury
• Chief Justice
Hasan Foez Siddique
LegislatureJatiya Sangsad
Independence 
• Declared
26 March 1971
• Victory Day
16 December 1971
• Current Constitution
16 December 1972
Area
• Total
148,460[10] km2 (57,320 sq mi) (92nd[10])
• Water (%)
6.4
• Land area
130,170 km2[10]
• Water area
18,290 km2[10]
Population
• 2023 census
169,828,911[11] (8th)
• Density
1,305/km2 (3,379.9/sq mi) (7th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.475 trillion[12] (25th)
• Per capita
Increase $8,663[12] (128th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $421 billion[12] (37th)
• Per capita
Decrease $2,469[12] (145th)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 32.4[13]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.661[14]
medium · 129th
CurrencyTaka () (BDT)
Time zoneUTC+6 (BST)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy (CE)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+880
ISO 3166 codeBD
Internet TLD.bd
.বাংলা
Barbados
Motto: "Pride and Industry"
Anthem: "In Plenty and In Time of Need"
Location of Barbados
Capital
and largest city
Bridgetown
13°05′52″N 59°37′06″W / 13.09778°N 59.61833°W / 13.09778; -59.61833
Official languagesEnglish
Vernacular languageBajan
Ethnic groups
(2010[1])
Religion
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Sandra Mason
• Prime Minister
Mia Mottley
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Assembly
Independence 
• Part of the West Indies Federation
3 January 1958 – 31 May 1962
• Sovereignty
30 November 1966
• Admitted to the UN
7 December 1966
• Joined CARICOM at the Treaty of Chaguaramas
1 August 1973
• Republic established
30 November 2021
Area
• Total
439 km2 (169 sq mi) (183rd)
• Water (%)
Negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
281,635[2] (174th)
• 2010 census
277,821[3]
• Density
660/km2 (1,709.4/sq mi) (17th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $5.47 billion[4] (175th)
• Per capita
Increase $18,858[4] (90th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $6.12 billion[4] (165th)
• Per capita
Increase $21,086[4] (50th)
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.790[5]
high · 70th
CurrencyBarbadian dollar ($) (BBD)
Time zoneUTC−4 (AST)
Driving sideleft[6]
Calling code+1 -246
ISO 3166 codeBB
Internet TLD.bb
Republic of Belarus
  • Рэспубліка Беларусь (Belarusian)
  • Республика Беларусь (Russian)
Anthem: 
Дзяржаўны гімн Рэспублікі Беларусь (Belarusian)
Dziaržaŭny Himn Respubliki Biełaruś
Государственный гимн Республики Беларусь (Russian)
Gosudarstvennyy gimn Respubliki Belarus
"State Anthem of the Republic of Belarus"
Europe-Belarus (orthographic projection).svg
Europe-Belarus.svg
Location of Belarus (green)

in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Minsk
53°55′N 27°33′E / 53.917°N 27.550°E / 53.917; 27.550
Official languages
Recognized minority languages
Ethnic groups
(2019)[1]
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Belarusian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship[3][4]
• President
Alexander Lukashenko (disputed)[5][6]
• Prime Minister
Roman Golovchenko[7]
LegislatureNational Assembly
Council of the Republic
House of Representatives
Formation
• Duchy of Polotsk
987
• Principality of Turov
10th century
• Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1236
• Belarusian Democratic Republic
9 March 1918
• Independence from Russia
25 March 1918
• Declaration of State Sovereignty
27 July 1990
• Independence from USSR
25 August 1991
• Current constitution
15 March 1994
• Formation of the Union State
8 December 1999
Area
• Total
207,595 km2 (80,153 sq mi) (84th)
• Water (%)
1.4% (2.830 km2 or 1.093 sq mi)b
Population
• 2022 estimate
9,255,524[8] (96th)
• Density
45.8/km2 (118.6/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $201.97 billion[9] (73rd)
• Per capita
Increase $21,710[9] (71st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $79.7 billion[9] (74th)
• Per capita
Increase $8,570[9] (82nd)
Gini (2019)Negative increase 25.3[10]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.808[11]
very high · 60th
CurrencyBelarusian ruble (BYN)
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK[12])
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+375
ISO 3166 codeBY
Internet TLD
Website
belarus.by
  1. ^ Constitution of the Republic of Belarus of 1994 Section 1, Article 17
  2. ^ "FAO's Information System on Water and Agriculture". FAO. Archived from the original on 26 January 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
Kingdom of Belgium
  • Koninkrijk België (Dutch)
  • Royaume de Belgique (French)
  • Königreich Belgien (German)
Motto: Eendracht maakt macht (Dutch)
L'union fait la force (French)
Einigkeit macht stark (German)
(English: "Unity makes strength")
Anthem: 
La Brabançonne
(English: "The Brabantian")
Location of Belgium (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green)
Location of Belgium (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Brussels
50°51′N 4°21′E / 50.850°N 4.350°E / 50.850; 4.350
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2022[1])
Religion
(2019[2])
Demonym(s)
GovernmentFederal parliamentary
constitutional monarchy[3]
• Monarch
Philippe
• Prime Minister
Alexander De Croo
LegislatureFederal Parliament
Senate
Chamber of Representatives
Independence 
from the Netherlands
• Declared
4 October 1830
• Recognized
19 April 1839
Area
• Total
30,528[4] km2 (11,787 sq mi) (136th)
• Water (%)
0.71 (2015)[5]
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 11,584,008[6] (82nd)
• Density
376/km2 (973.8/sq mi) (22nd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $723 billion [7] (37th)
• Per capita
Increase $62,065[7] (20th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $589 billion[7] (26th)
• Per capita
Increase $50,598[7] (17th)
Gini (2021)Positive decrease 23.9[8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.937[9]
very high · 13th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+32
ISO 3166 codeBE
Internet TLD.be
  1. The flag's official proportions of 13:15 are rarely seen; proportions of 2:3 or similar are more common.
  2. The Brussels region is the de facto capital, but the City of Brussels municipality is the de jure capital.[10]
  3. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
Belize
Motto: Sub umbra floreo (Latin)
"Under the shade I flourish"
Anthem: "Land of the Free"
Location of Belize (dark green) in the Americas
Location of Belize (dark green)

in the Americas

CapitalBelmopan
17°15′N 88°46′W / 17.250°N 88.767°W / 17.250; -88.767
Largest cityBelize City
17°29′N 88°11′W / 17.483°N 88.183°W / 17.483; -88.183
Official languagesEnglish
Vernacular languageBelizean Creole
Regional and minority languages
Ethnic groups
(2010)[1][2][a]
Religion
(2020)[3]
Demonym(s)Belizean
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Dame Froyla Tzalam
• Prime Minister
Johnny Briceño
LegislatureNational Assembly
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence 
• Self-governance
January 1964
• Independence
21 September 1981
Area
• Total
22,966 km2 (8,867 sq mi)[4][5] (147th)
• Water (%)
0.8
Population
• 2022 estimate
441,471[6] (168th)
• Density
17.79/km2 (46.1/sq mi) (169th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$4.2 billion[7] (180th)
• Per capita
Increase$9,623[7] (123rd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$2.7 billion[7] (179th)
• Per capita
Increase$6,098[7] (98th)
Gini (2013)53.1[8]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.683[9]
medium · 123rd
CurrencyBelize dollar (BZD)
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST (GMT-6)[10])
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+501
ISO 3166 codeBZ
Internet TLD.bz
Republic of Benin
République du Bénin (French)
Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Benin (Yoruba)
Motto: 
  • "Fraternité, Justice, Travail" (French)
  • "Fraternity, Justice, Labour"
Anthem: 
Location of Benin (dark green)
Location of Benin (dark green)
CapitalPorto-Novoa
Largest cityCotonou
Official languagesFrench
National languages
Ethnic groups
(2013 census[1])
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)
  • Beninese
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Patrice Talon
• Vice President
Mariam Chabi Talata
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• Republic of Dahomey established
11 December 1958
• from France
1 August 1960
Area
• Total
114,763 km2 (44,310 sq mi)[3] (100th)
• Water (%)
0.4%
Population
• 2022 estimate
13,754,688[4] (74th)
• Density
94.8/km2 (245.5/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$29.918 billion[5] (137th)
• Per capita
$2,552[5] (163rd)
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$11.386 billion[5] (141st)
• Per capita
$971[5] (163rd)
Gini (2015)Negative increase 47.8[6]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.525[7]
low · 166th
CurrencyWest African CFA franc (XOF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+229
ISO 3166 codeBJ
Internet TLD.bj
  1. Cotonou is the seat of government.
Kingdom of Bhutan
འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ (Dzongkha)
Druk Gyal Khap
Anthem: འབྲུག་ཙན་དན་
Druk Tsenden
"The Thunder Dragon Kingdom"
Bhutan (orthographic projection).svg
Capital
and largest city
Thimphu
27°28.0′N 89°38.5′E / 27.4667°N 89.6417°E / 27.4667; 89.6417
Official languagesDzongkha
Religion
(2020)[1][2]
Demonym(s)Bhutanese
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
• Druk Gyalpo
Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
• Prime Minister
Lotay Tshering
LegislatureParliament
National Council
National Assembly
Formation
• Unification of Bhutan
1616–1634
• Period of Desi administration
1650–1905
• Start of the Wangchuck dynasty
17 December 1907
• Indo-Bhutan Treaty
8 August 1949
• UN membership
21 September 1971
• Constitutional monarchy
18 July 2008
Area
• Total
38,394 km2 (14,824 sq mi)[3][4] (133rd)
• Water (%)
1.1
Population
• 2021 estimate
777,486[5][6] (165th)
• 2022 census
727,145[7]
• Density
19.3/km2 (50.0/sq mi) (162nd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$9.8 billion[8] (166th)
• Per capita
$12,970[8] (95th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$2.6 billion[8] (178th)
• Per capita
$3,144[8] (124th)
Gini (2017)37.4[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.666[10]
medium · 127th
CurrencyNgultrum (BTN)
Indian rupee (₹) (INR)
Time zoneUTC+06 (BTT)
Date formatYYYY-MM-DD
Driving sideleft[11]
Calling code+975
ISO 3166 codeBT
Internet TLD.bt
  1. The population of Bhutan had been estimated based on the reported figure of about 1 million in the 1970s when the country had joined the United Nations and precise statistics were lacking.[12] Thus, using the annual increase rate of 2–3%, the most population estimates were around 2 million in 2000. A national census was carried out in 2005 and it turned out that the population was 672,425. Consequently, United Nations Population Division reduced its estimation of the country's population in the 2006 revision[13] for the whole period from 1950 to 2000.
Plurinational State of Bolivia
Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (Spanish)
Co-official names[a]
  • Quechua:Puliwya Achka Aylluska Mamallaqta
    Aymara:Wuliwya Walja Suyunakana Marka
    Guaraní:Tetã Blúrinasionál Volívia
Anthem: Himno Nacional de Bolivia (Spanish)
"National Anthem of Bolivia"
Dual flag: Wiphala[1][2][3]
Banner of the Qulla Suyu.svg
Location of Bolivia (dark green) in South America (gray)
Location of Bolivia (dark green)

in South America (gray)

CapitalLa Paz (executive and legislative)
Sucre (constitutional and judicial)
Largest citySanta Cruz de la Sierra
17°48′S 63°10′W / 17.800°S 63.167°W / -17.800; -63.167
Official languagesSpanish
Co-official languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2018)[5]
  • 10.1% No religion
  • 0.6% Other
Demonym(s)Bolivian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Luis Arce
• Vice President
David Choquehuanca
• President of the Senate
Andrónico Rodríguez
• President of the Chamber of Deputies
Jerges Mercado Suárez
LegislaturePlurinational Legislative Assembly
Chamber of Senators
Chamber of Deputies
Independence 
from Spain
• Declared
6 August 1825
• Recognized
21 July 1847
• Current constitution
7 February 2009
Area
• Total
1,098,581 km2 (424,164 sq mi) (27th)
• Water (%)
1.29
Population
• 2022 estimate
12,054,379[6] (79th)
• Density
10.4/km2 (26.9/sq mi) (224th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $118.8 billion[7] (94th)
• Per capita
Increase $9,933[7] (120th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $43.4 billion[7] (96th)
• Per capita
Increase $3,631[7] (126th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 41.6[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.692[9]
medium · 118th
CurrencyBoliviano (BOB)
Time zoneUTC−4 (BOT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+591
ISO 3166 codeBO
Internet TLD.bo
  1. ^ While Sucre is the constitutional capital, La Paz is the seat of government and the executive capital. See below.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Anthem: 
Državna himna Bosne i Hercegovine
Државна химна Босне и Херцеговине
"National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina"
Location of Bosnia and Herzegovina (green) in Europe (dark grey)
Location of Bosnia and Herzegovina (green)

in Europe (dark grey)

Capital
and largest city
Sarajevo[1]
43°52′N 18°25′E / 43.867°N 18.417°E / 43.867; 18.417
Official languages[a]
Writing system
Ethnic groups
(2013)[2]
Religion
(2013 census)[3]
Demonym(s)[4][5][6]
GovernmentFederal parliamentary[6] directorial republic
• High Representative
Christian Schmidt[b]
• Chairwoman of the Presidency
Željka Cvijanović
• Members of the Presidency
Željko Komšić
Denis Bećirović
• Chairwoman of the Council of Ministers
Borjana Krišto
LegislatureParliamentary Assembly
House of Peoples
House of Representatives
Establishment history
• Bosnia (early medieval polity)
9th century
• Banate of Bosnia
1154
• Kingdom of Bosnia
1377
• Ottoman conquest
1463
• Austro-Hungarian conquest and 1908 annexation
1878
• Creation of Yugoslavia
1 December 1918
• ZAVNOBiH
25 November 1943
• SR Bosnia and Herzegovina within SFR Yugoslavia
29 November 1945
• Independence from Yugoslavia
3 March 1992
• Washington Agreement
18 March 1994
• Dayton Agreement
14 December 1995
Area
• Total
51,129 km2 (19,741 sq mi) (125th)
• Water (%)
1.4%
Population
• 2020 estimate
Neutral decrease 3,475,000[7] (135th)
• 2013 census
3,531,159[2]
• Density
69/km2 (178.7/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $67.919 billion[8] (110th)
• Per capita
Increase $19,690[9] (84th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $28.497 billion[8] (115th)
• Per capita
Increase $8,223[10] (89th)
Gini (2015)Positive decrease 32.7[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.780[12]
high · 74th
CurrencyConvertible mark (BAM)
Time zoneUTC+01 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+02 (CEST)
Date formatd. m. yyyy. (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+387
ISO 3166 codeBA
Internet TLD.ba
  1. ^ Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian are fully mutually intelligible standard varieties of the Serbo-Croatian language.
  2. ^ The high representative is an international civilian overseer of the Dayton Agreement with authority to dismiss elected and non-elected officials and enact legislation.
Republic of Botswana
Lefatshe la Botswana (Tswana)
Motto: Pula
"Rain"
Anthem: Fatshe leno la rona
"Blessed Be This Noble Land"
Botswana (centered orthographic projection).svg
Location Botswana AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Gaborone
24°39.5′S 25°54.5′E / 24.6583°S 25.9083°E / -24.6583; 25.9083
Official languagesEnglish[1]
National languageSetswana[1]
Ethnic groups
(2012[2])
Religion
(2021)
Demonym(s)
  • Batswana (plural)
  • Motswana (singular)
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party parliamentary republic with an executive presidency[4][5]
• President
Mokgweetsi Masisi[6]
• Vice-President
Slumber Tsogwane
• National Assembly Speaker
Phandu Skelemani
LegislatureParliament
(National Assembly)
Independence 
• Established (Constitution)
30 September 1966
Area
• Total
581,730 km2 (224,610 sq mi)[7] (47th)
• Water (%)
2.7
Population
• 2022 estimate
2,384,246[8] (145th)
• 2022 census
2,359,609 [9]
• Density
4.1/km2 (10.6/sq mi) (231st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$47.04 billion [10] (123rd)
• Per capita
Increase$19,199[10] (77th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$18.00 billion[10] (127th)
• Per capita
Increase$7,348 [10] (87th)
Gini (2015)Positive decrease 53.3[11]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.693[12]
medium · 117th
CurrencyPula (BWP)
Time zoneUTC+2 (Central Africa Time[13])
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+267
ISO 3166 codeBW
Internet TLD.bw
Website
www.gov.bw
Federative Republic of Brazil
República Federativa do Brasil (Portuguese)
Motto: Ordem e Progresso (Portuguese)
"Order and Progress"
Anthem: Hino Nacional Brasileiro (Portuguese)
"Brazilian National Anthem"
Flag anthem: Hino à Bandeira Nacional (Portuguese)[1]
"National Flag Anthem"
National Seal
Location of Brazil
CapitalBrasília
15°47′S 47°52′W / 15.783°S 47.867°W / -15.783; -47.867
Largest citySão Paulo
23°33′S 46°38′W / 23.550°S 46.633°W / -23.550; -46.633
Official language
and national language
Portuguese
Recognized regional languages
Ethnic groups
(2010)[2][3]
Religion
(2010)[2][4]
Demonym(s)Brazilian
GovernmentFederal presidential constitutional republic
• President
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
• Vice President
Geraldo Alckmin
• President of the
Chamber of Deputies
Arthur Lira
• President of the
Federal Senate
Rodrigo Pacheco
• President of the
Supreme Federal Court
Rosa Weber
LegislatureNational Congress
Federal Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Independence 
• Declared
7 September 1822
• Recognized
29 August 1825
• Republic
15 November 1889
• Current constitution
5 October 1988
Area
• Total
8,515,767 km2 (3,287,956 sq mi) (5th)
• Water (%)
0.65
Population
• 2022 estimate
217,240,060[5] (7th)
• Density
25/km2 (64.7/sq mi) (193rd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.958 trillion[6] (8th)
• Per capita
Increase $18,396[6] (86th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.059 trillion[6] (12th)
• Per capita
Increase $9,571[6] (81st)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 48.9[7]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.754[8]
high · 87th
CurrencyReal (R$) (BRL)
Time zoneUTC−2 to −5 (BRT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+55
ISO 3166 codeBR
Internet TLD.br
Brunei Darussalam
  • Negara Brunei Darussalam (Malay)
  • نݢارا بروني دارالسلام (Jawi script)
Motto: 
  • الدائمون المحسنون بالهدى
  • Ad-dāʾimūna al-muḥsinūna bi-l-hudā
  • ("Sentiasa membuat kebajikan dengan petunjuk Allah")
  • "Always in service with God's guidance"
Anthem: 
Brunei (orthographic projection).svg
Location Brunei ASEAN.svg
Location of Brunei (green)

in the ASEAN (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Bandar Seri Begawan
4°53.417′N 114°56.533′E / 4.890283°N 114.942217°E / 4.890283; 114.942217
Official language
and national language
Malay[1]
Other languages
and local dialects[3][4]
Official scripts
Ethnic groups
(2021)[5]
Religion
(2016)[5]
Demonym(s)Bruneian
GovernmentUnitary Islamic absolute monarchy
• Sultan and Prime Minister
Hassanal Bolkiah
• Crown Prince and Senior Minister
Al-Muhtadee Billah
Legislaturenone[a]
Formation
• Creation of the Sultanate
c. 1368
• Old Brunei
15th–19th century
• British protected state
17 September 1888
• Japanese occupation
1941–1945
• Independence from
the United Kingdom
1 January 1984
• ASEAN Declaration
7 January 1984
Area
• Total
5,765 km2 (2,226 sq mi) (164th)
• Water (%)
8.6
Population
• 2020 estimate
460,345[9] (175th)
• 2016 census
417,256
• Density
72.11/km2 (186.8/sq mi) (134th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $31.904 billion[10] (145th)
• Per capita
Increase $74,952[10] (9th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $18.464 billion[10] (122nd)
• Per capita
Increase $42,939[10] (23rd)
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.829[11]
very high · 51st
CurrencyBrunei dollar (BND)
Time zoneUTC+8 (Brunei Darussalam Time)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+673[c]
ISO 3166 codeBN
Internet TLD.bn[12]
  1. ^ Also 080 from East Malaysia.
Republic of Bulgaria
Република България
Republika Bǎlgariya
Motto: Съединението прави силата
Sǎedinenieto pravi silata
("Unity makes strength")
Anthem: Мила Родино
Mila Rodino
("Dear Motherland")
Location of Bulgaria (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]
Location of Bulgaria (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Sofia
42°41′N 23°19′E / 42.683°N 23.317°E / 42.683; 23.317Coordinates: 42°41′N 23°19′E / 42.683°N 23.317°E / 42.683; 23.317
Official languagesBulgarian[1]
Official scriptCyrillic
Ethnic groups
(2021)[2]
Religion
(2021)[2]
  • 15.9% no religion
  • 9.8% Islam
  • 0.1% other
  • 9.5% unanswered
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Rumen Radev
• Vice President
Iliana Iotova
• Prime Minister
Galab Donev
• Chairperson of the National Assembly
Rosen Zhelyazkov
LegislatureNational Assembly
Establishment history
• 1st Bulgarian Empire
681–1018
• 2nd Bulgarian Empire
1185–1396
• Principality of Bulgaria
3 March 1878
• Independence from the Ottoman Empire
5 October 1908
• Monarchy abolished
15 September 1946
• Current state form
15 November 1990
• Joined the European Union
1 January 2007
• Joined NATO
29 March 2004
Area
• Total
110,993.6[3] km2 (42,854.9 sq mi) (103rd)
• Water (%)
2.16[4]
Population
• 2021 estimate
Neutral decrease 6,520,314 (109th)
• Density
63/km2 (163.2/sq mi) (154th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase US$203 billion[5] (73rd)
• Per capita
Increase $27,890[5] (55th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $86 billion[5] (68th)
• Per capita
Increase $12,340[5] (61st)
Gini (2021)Positive decrease 39.7[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.796[7]
high · 68th
CurrencyLev (BGN)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+359
ISO 3166 codeBG
Internet TLD
Burkina Faso
𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮 (Fula)
Motto: "Unité–Progrès–Justice" (French)
("Unity–Progress–Justice")
Anthem: "Une Seule Nuit" / "Ditanyè" (French)
("One Single Night" / "Hymn of Victory")
Burkina Faso (orthographic projection).svg
Location Burkina Faso AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Ouagadougou
12°22′N 1°32′W / 12.367°N 1.533°W / 12.367; -1.533
Official languagesFrench
Recognised national languages
Ethnic groups
(2010 est.)[1]
Religion
(2019 Census)[2]
Demonym(s)Burkinabè
GovernmentUnitary state under a military junta[3]
• Interim President and MPSR President
Ibrahim Traoré
• Prime Minister
Apollinaire Joachim Kyélem de Tambèla
LegislatureTransitional Legislative Assembly
History
• Republic of Upper Volta proclaimed
11 December 1958
• Independence from France
5 August 1960
• 1966 Upper Voltan coup d'état
3 January 1966
• 2014 Burkina Faso uprising
28 October – 3 November 2014
• Jan. 2022 Burkinabè coup d'état
23–24 January 2022
• Sep. 2022 Burkinabè coup d'état
30 September 2022
Area
• Total
274,200 km2 (105,900 sq mi) (74th)
• Water (%)
0.146%
Population
• 2022 estimate
21,935,389[4] (59th)
• 2019 census
20,505,155[5]
• Density
64/km2 (165.8/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$58.8  billion (114th)
• Per capita
$2,656 [6] (171th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$18.2  billion (124th)
• Per capita
$825 [7] (180th)
Gini (2020)Steady 38.9[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.449[9]
low · 184th
CurrencyWest African CFA franc[10] (XOF)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+226
ISO 3166 codeBF
Internet TLD.bf
Republic of Burundi
  • Repuburika y’Uburundi (Kirundi)
  • République du Burundi (French)
Motto: 
  • "Ubumwe, Ibikorwa, Amajambere" (Kirundi)
  • "Unité, Travail, Progrès" (French)
  • "Union, Work, Progress" (English)
Anthem: Burundi Bwacu (Kirundi)
Our Burundi
Burundi (orthographic projection).svg
Location Burundi AU Africa.svg
CapitalGitega (political) Bujumbura (economic)[a]
3°30′S 30°00′E / 3.500°S 30.000°E / -3.500; 30.000
Largest cityBujumbura[a]
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2018[1])
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Évariste Ndayishimiye
• Vice President
Prosper Bazombanza
• Prime Minister
Gervais Ndirakobuca
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Establishment history
• Kingdom[3]
1680–1966
• Part of German East Africa
1890–1916
• Part of Ruanda-Urundi
1916–1962
• Independence from Belgium
1 July 1962
• Republic
28 November 1966
• Current constitution
17 May 2018
Area
• Total
27,834 km2 (10,747 sq mi)[4] (142nd)
• Water (%)
10[5]
Population
• 2022 estimate
12,574,571 [6] (77th)
• 2008 census
8,053,574[4]
• Density
401.6/km2 (1,040.1/sq mi) (20th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$10.8 billion [7] (164th)
• Per capita
Increase $865 [7] (193rd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$3.6 billion [7] (173rd)
• Per capita
Increase$292[7] (192nd)
Gini (2013)39.2[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.426[9]
low · 187th
CurrencyBurundian franc (FBu) (BIF)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+257
ISO 3166 codeBI
Internet TLD.bi
Kingdom of Cambodia
ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា (Khmer)
Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchéa (UNGEGN)
Motto: ជាតិ សាសនា ព្រះមហាក្សត្រ
Chéatĕ, Sasânéa, Preăh Môhaksâtr
"Nation, Religion, King"
Anthem: បទនគររាជ
Nôkôr Réach
"Majestic Kingdom"
Cambodia on the globe (Cambodia centered).svg
Location Cambodia ASEAN.svg
Location of Cambodia (green)

in ASEAN (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Phnom Penh
11°33′N 104°55′E / 11.550°N 104.917°E / 11.550; 104.917
Official language
and national language
Khmer[1]
Official scriptKhmer[1]
Ethnic groups
(2019)
Religion
(2019)
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party parliamentary elective constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Norodom Sihamoni
• Prime Minister
Hun Sen
• President of the Senate
Say Chhum
• President of the National Assembly
Heng Samrin
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Formation
• Funan
68–550
• Chenla
550–802
• Khmer Empire
802–1431
• Middle period
1431–1863
• French protectorate
11 August 1863
• Independence from France
9 November 1953
• Current constitution
24 September 1993
Area
• Total
181,035 km2 (69,898 sq mi) (88th)
• Water (%)
2.5
Population
• 2022 estimate
16,713,015[5] (72nd)
• Density
87/km2 (225.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$89.2 billion[6] (100th)
• Per capita
Increase $5,583[6] (145th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$28.030 billion[6] (108th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,771[6] (152nd)
Gini (2013)36.0[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.593[8]
medium · 146th
Currency
[9][10]
Time zoneUTC+07:00 (ICT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+855
ISO 3166 codeKH
Internet TLD.kh
Republic of Cameroon
République du Cameroun (French)
Motto: 
"Paix – Travail – Patrie" (French)
"Peace – Work – Fatherland"
Anthem: 
"Ô Cameroun, Berceau de nos Ancêtres" (French)
"O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers"
Location of Cameroon on the globe.
CapitalYaoundé[1]
3°52′N 11°31′E / 3.867°N 11.517°E / 3.867; 11.517
Largest cityDouala
Official languagesFrench • English
Recognised regional languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Cameroonian
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic[3] under a dictatorship[4][5][6]
• President
Paul Biya
• Prime Minister
Joseph Ngute
• President of Senate
Marcel Niat Njifenji
• President of National Assembly
Cavayé Yéguié Djibril
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Independence 
from France and the United Kingdom
• Independence from France
1 January 1960
• Independence from the United Kingdom
1 October 1961
Area
• Total
475,442 km2 (183,569 sq mi) (53rd)
• Water (%)
0.57 [1]
Population
• 2022 estimate
29,321,637 [1] (51st)
• Density
39.7/km2 (102.8/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase $101.950 billion[7] (94th)
• Per capita
Increase $3,745[7] (187th)
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase $44.893 billion[7] (89th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,649[7] (150th)
Gini (2014)46.6[8]
high
HDI (2021)Steady 0.576[9]
medium · 151st
CurrencyCentral African CFA franc (XAF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
yyyy/mm/dd
Driving sideright
Calling code+237
ISO 3166 codeCM
Internet TLD.cm
  1. These are the titles as given in the Constitution of the Republic of Cameroon, Article X (English at the Wayback Machine (archived 28 February 2006) and French at the Wayback Machine (archived 28 February 2006) versions). 18 January 1996. The French version of the song is sometimes called Chant de Ralliement, as in Swarovski Orchestra (2004). National Anthems of the World. Koch International Classics; and the English version "O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers", as in DeLancey and DeLancey 61.
Canada
Motto: A mari usque ad mare (Latin)
"From Sea to Sea"
Anthem: "O Canada"
A projection of North America with Canada highlighted in green
CapitalOttawa
45°24′N 75°40′W / 45.400°N 75.667°W / 45.400; -75.667
Largest cityToronto
Official languages
Demonym(s)Canadian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor General
Mary Simon
• Prime Minister
Justin Trudeau
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Commons
Independence 
• Confederation
July 1, 1867
• Statute of Westminster, 1931
December 11, 1931
• Patriation
April 17, 1982
Area
• Total area
9,984,670 km2 (3,855,100 sq mi) (2nd)
• Water (%)
11.76 (2015)[2]
• Total land area
9,093,507 km2 (3,511,023 sq mi)
Population
• 2023 Q1 estimate
Neutral increase 39,566,248[3] (37th)
• 2021 census
36,991,981[4]
• Density
4.2/km2 (10.9/sq mi) (236th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.385 trillion[5] (15th)
• Per capita
Increase $60,177[5] (28th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $2.090 trillion[5] (9th)
• Per capita
Decrease $52,722[5] (18th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 30.3[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.936[7]
very high · 15th
CurrencyCanadian dollar ($) (CAD)
Time zoneUTC−3.5 to −8
• Summer (DST)
UTC−2.5 to −7
Date formatyyyy-mm-dd (AD)[8]
Driving sideright
Calling code+1
Internet TLD.ca
Republic of Cabo Verde
República de Cabo Verde (Portuguese)
Repúblika di Kabu Verdi  (Cape Verdean Creole)
Motto: 
  • Unidade, Trabalho, Progresso (Portuguese)
  • (English: "Unity, Work, Progress")
Anthem: Cântico da Liberdade (Portuguese)
(English: "Chant of Freedom")
Cape Verde (orthographic projection).svg
Location Cape Verde AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Praia
14°55′N 23°31′W / 14.917°N 23.517°W / 14.917; -23.517
Official languagesPortuguese[1]
Recognised national languagesCape Verdean Creole[1]
Religion
Demonym(s)Cape Verdean or Cabo Verdean[3]
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic[4]
• President
José Maria Neves
• Prime Minister
Ulisses Correia e Silva
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence from Portugal
• Granted
5 July 1975
Area
• Total
4,033 km2 (1,557 sq mi) (166th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2021 census
561,901[5] (172nd)
• Density
123.7/km2 (320.4/sq mi) (89th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$4.413 billion
• Per capita
$7,740[6]
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$1.997 billion
• Per capita
$3,502[6]
Gini (2015)Positive decrease 42.4[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.662[8]
medium · 128th
CurrencyCape Verdean escudo (CVE)
Time zoneUTC–1 (CVT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+238
ISO 3166 codeCV
Internet TLD.cv
Central African Republic
  • Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka (Sango)
  • République centrafricaine (French)
Motto: 
  • "Unité, Dignité, Travail" (French)
  • "Unity, Dignity, Work"
  • "Zo Kwe Zo" (Sango)
  • "All people are people"
Anthem: 
Central African Republic (centered orthographic projection).svg
Location Central African Republic AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Bangui
4°22′N 18°35′E / 4.367°N 18.583°E / 4.367; 18.583
Official languagesFrench • Sango
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2020)[1]
Demonym(s)Central African
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Faustin-Archange Touadéra
• Prime Minister
Félix Moloua
• President of the National Assembly
Simplice Sarandji
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• Republic established
1 December 1958
• from France
13 August 1960
• Central African Empire established
4 December 1976
• Coronation of Bokassa I
4 December 1977
• Bokassa I's overthrow and republic restored
21 September 1979
Area
• Total
622,984 km2 (240,535 sq mi) (44th)
• Water (%)
0
Population
• 2022 estimate
5,454,533[2] (119th)
• Density
7.1/km2 (18.4/sq mi) (221st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $5.46 billion[3] (170th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,088[3] (190th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $2.48 billion[3] (182nd)
• Per capita
Decrease $496[3] (191st)
Gini (2008)56.3[4]
high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.404[5]
low · 188th
Currency
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright[7]
Calling code+236
ISO 3166 codeCF
Internet TLD.cf
Republic of Chad
  • جمهورية تشاد (Arabic)
  • République du Tchad (French)
Motto: 
  • "Unité, Travail, Progrès" (French)
  • الاتحاد، العمل، التقدم (Arabic)
  • "Unity, Work, Progress"
Anthem: 
  • "La Tchadienne" (French)
  • نشيد تشاد الوطني (Arabic)
  • "The Song of Chad"
Location of Chad
Capital
and largest city
N'Djamena
12°06′N 16°02′E / 12.100°N 16.033°E / 12.100; 16.033
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2009 Census[1])
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Chadian
GovernmentUnitary republic under a hereditary military dictatorship[3]
• Transitional President
Mahamat Déby
• Prime Minister
Saleh Kebzabo
• Vice President
Djimadoum Tiraina
LegislatureNational Transitional Council[4]
Independence
• Republic established
28 November 1958
• from France
11 August 1960
Area
• Total
1,284,000 km2 (496,000 sq mi)[5] (20th)
• Water (%)
1.9
Population
• 2022 estimate
17,963,211[6] (67th)
• Density
8.6/km2 (22.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $32.062 billion[7] (147th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,789[7] (179th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $13.523 billion[7] (145th)
• Per capita
Increase $755[7] (183nd)
Gini (2018)37.5[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.394[9]
low · 190th
CurrencyCentral African CFA franc (XAF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+235
ISO 3166 codeTD
Internet TLD.td
Republic of Chile
República de Chile (Spanish)
Motto: Por la razón o la fuerza
("By reason or by force")
Anthem: Himno Nacional de Chile
("National Anthem of Chile")
Chilean territory in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled territory in light green
Chilean territory in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled territory in light green
Capital
and largest city
Santiagoa
33°26′S 70°40′W / 33.433°S 70.667°W / -33.433; -70.667
National languageSpanish
Religion
(2022)[1]
  • 37.4% No religion
  • 0.5% Other
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Gabriel Boric
• President of the Senate
Juan Antonio Coloma Correa
• President of the Chamber of Deputies
Vlado Mirosevic
• President of Supreme Court
Juan Eduardo Fuentes Belmar
LegislatureNational Congress
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Independence 
from Spain
• Government Junta
18 September 1810
• Declared
12 February 1818
• Recognized
25 April 1844
• Current constitution
11 September 1980
Area
• Total
756,096.3[2] km2 (291,930.4 sq mi) (37th)
• Water (%)
2.1 (as of 2015)[3]
Population
• 2022 estimate
18,430,408[4] (66th)
• 2017 census
17,574,003[5] (64th)
• Density
24/km2 (62.2/sq mi) (198th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $568.319 billion[6] (45th)
• Per capita
Increase $28,526[6] (64th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $317.594 billion[6] (45th)
• Per capita
Decrease $15,941[6] (62nd)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 46[7]
high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.855[8]
very high · 42nd
CurrencyChilean peso (CLP)
Time zoneUTC−4 and −6 (CLT and EASTc)
• Summer (DST)
UTC-3 and −5
April to September
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+56
ISO 3166 codeCL
Internet TLD.cl
  1. Legislature is based in Valparaíso.
  2. Includes Easter Island and Isla Salas y Gómez; does not include 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of territory claimed in Antarctica.
People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国 (Chinese)
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó (Pinyin)
Anthem: 
义勇军进行曲
Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ
"March of the Volunteers"
Territory controlled by the People's Republic of China is shown in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled is shown in light green.
Territory controlled by the People's Republic of China is shown in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled is shown in light green.
CapitalBeijing
39°55′N 116°23′E / 39.917°N 116.383°E / 39.917; 116.383
Largest city
by population
Shanghai
Official languagesStandard Chinese[a]
Recognized regional languages
Official scriptSimplified Chinese[b]
Ethnic groups
(2020)[1]
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Chinese
GovernmentUnitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
• CCP General Secretary[c]
President[d]
CMC Chairman[e]
Xi Jinping
• Premier
Li Qiang
• Congress Chairman
Zhao Leji
• CPPCC Chairman[f]
Wang Huning
LegislatureNational People's Congress
Formation
• First pre-imperial dynasty
c. 2070 BCE
• First imperial dynasty
221 BCE
• Republic established
1 January 1912
• Proclamation of the People's Republic
1 October 1949
• First constitution
20 September 1954
• Current constitution
4 December 1982
• Most recent polity admitted
20 December 1999
Area
• Total
9,596,961 km2 (3,705,407 sq mi)[g][5] (3rd / 4th)
• Water (%)
2.8[h]
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral decrease 1,411,750,000[7] (2nd[9])
• 2020 census
1,411,778,724[8] (1st)
• Density
145[10]/km2 (375.5/sq mi) (83rd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $33.015 trillion[11] (1st)
• Per capita
Increase $23,382[11] (73rd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $19.374 trillion[i][11] (2nd)
• Per capita
Increase $13,721[11] (64th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 38.2[12]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.768[13]
high · 79th
CurrencyRenminbi (元/¥)[j] (CNY)
Time zoneUTC+8 (CST)
DST is not observed
Date format
Driving sideright (mainland)
left (Hong Kong and Macau)
Calling code+86 (mainland)
+852 (Hong Kong)
+853 (Macau)
ISO 3166 codeCN
Internet TLD
Republic of Colombia
República de Colombia  (Spanish)
Motto: "Libertad y Orden" (Spanish)
("Freedom and Order")
Anthem: Himno Nacional de la República de Colombia (Spanish)
("National Anthem of the Republic of Colombia")
Location of Colombia (dark green)
Location of Colombia (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Bogotá
4°35′N 74°4′W / 4.583°N 74.067°W / 4.583; -74.067
Official languagesSpanish
Recognized regional languagesEnglish (in San Andrés and Providencia)
64 other languages[a]
Ethnic groups
(2018 census[1][2])
  • 87.58% White/Mestizo
Religion
(2022)[3]
Demonym(s)Colombian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Gustavo Petro
• Vice President
Francia Márquez
LegislatureCongress
Senate
Chamber of Representatives
Independence from Spain
• Declared
20 July 1810
• Recognized
7 August 1819
• Last unitarisation
1886
• Secession of Panama
1903
• Current Constitution
4 July 1991
Area
• Total
1,141,748 km2 (440,831 sq mi) (25th)
• Water (%)
2.1 (as of 2015)[4]
Population
• 2022 estimate
52,156,254[5] (27th)
• Density
42.23/km2 (109.4/sq mi) (173rd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.014 trillion [6] (32nd)
• Per capita
Increase $19,460[6] (82nd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $334.689 billion[6] (46th)
• Per capita
Decrease $6,417[6] (97th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 54.2[7]
high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.752[8]
high · 88th
CurrencyColombian peso (COP)
Time zoneUTC−5[b] (COT)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+57
ISO 3166 codeCO
Internet TLD.co
  1. ^ Although the Colombian Constitution specifies Spanish (Castellano) as the official language in all Colombian territory, other languages spoken in the country by ethnic groups – approximately 68 languages – each is also official in its own territory.[9] English is also official in the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina.[10]
  2. ^ The official Colombian time[11] is controlled and coordinated by the National Institute of Metrology.[12]
Union of the Comoros
  • Udzima wa Komori (Ngazidja Comorian)
  • Union des Comores (French)
  • جمهورية القمر المتحدة (Arabic)
  • Jamhuriyat al-Qumur al-Mutaḥida
Motto: 
  • "Unité – Solidarité – Développement" (French)
  • وحدة، تضامن، تنمية (Arabic)
  • "Unity – Solidarity – Development"
Anthem: Udzima wa ya Masiwa (Comorian)
(English: "The Union of the Islands")
Location of the Comoros (circled)
Location of the Comoros (circled)
Capital
and largest city
Moroni
11°41′S 43°16′E / 11.69°S 43.26°E / -11.69; 43.26
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2000)[1]
Religion 98% Sunni Islam (Official)
2% Christianity
Demonym(s)Comorian
GovernmentFederal presidential republic
• President
Azali Assoumani
• President of the Assembly
Moustadroine Abdou
LegislatureAssembly of the Union
Formation
• Discovery by Portuguese explorers
1503
• Ngazidja, Ndzwani, Mwali under French rule
1886
• Protectorate of the Comoros
6 September 1887
• Dependency of the Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies
9 April 1908
• French Overseas Territory
27 October 1946
• State of Comoros
22 December 1961
• Independence from France
6 July 1975
• Federal Islamic Republic of Comoros
1 October 1978[3]
• Union of the Comoros
23 December 2001
• Current constitution
17 May 2009
Area
• Total
1,861 km2 (719 sq mi) (170th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2019 estimate
850,886 (160th)
• Density
457/km2 (1,183.6/sq mi) (27th)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$2.446 billion[4] (178th)
• Per capita
$2,799[4] (177th)
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.179 billion[4] (182nd)
• Per capita
$1,349[4] (165th)
Gini (2013)Positive decrease 45.0[5]
medium · 141st
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.558[6]
medium · 156th
CurrencyComorian franc (KMF)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+269
ISO 3166 codeKM
Internet TLD.km
Republic of Costa Rica
República de Costa Rica (Spanish)
Anthem: "Himno Nacional de Costa Rica" (Spanish)
"National Anthem of Costa Rica"
Location of Costa Rica
Capital
and largest city
San José
9°56′N 84°5′W / 9.933°N 84.083°W / 9.933; -84.083
Official languagesSpanish
Recognized regional languages
Ethnic groups
(2011[2])
Religion
(2021)[4]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Rodrigo Chaves
• 1st Vice-President
Stephan Brunner
• 2nd Vice-President
Mary Munive
LegislatureLegislative Assembly
Independence declared
• from Spain
15 September 1821
• from First Mexican Empire
1 July 1823
• from the Federal
Republic of
Central America
14 November 1838
• Recognized by Spain
10 May 1850
• Constitution
7 November 1949[2]
Area
• Total
51,100 km2 (19,700 sq mi) (126th)
• Water (%)
1.05 (as of 2015)[5]
Population
• 2022 estimate
5,204,411[6] (124th)
• Density
220/sq mi (84.9/km2) (107th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $129.95 billion[7] (90th)
• Per capita
Increase $24,837[7] (66th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $68.489 billion[7] (85th)
• Per capita
Increase $13,090[7] (64th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 49.7[8]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.809[9]
very high · 58th
CurrencyCosta Rican colón (CRC)
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+506
ISO 3166 codeCR
Internet TLD.cr
.co.cr
Republic of Croatia
Republika Hrvatska (Croatian)[a]
Anthem: "Lijepa naša domovino"
("Our Beautiful Homeland")
EU-Croatia (orthographic projection).png
EU-Croatia.svg
Location of Croatia (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Zagreb
45°48′N 16°0′E / 45.800°N 16.000°E / 45.800; 16.000
Official languagesCroatian[b]
Writing systemLatin[c]
Ethnic groups
(2021)
Religion
(2021)
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Zoran Milanović
• Prime Minister
Andrej Plenković
• Speaker of Parliament
Gordan Jandroković
LegislatureSabor
Establishment history
• Duchy
7th century
• Kingdom
925
• Croatia in personal union with Hungary
1102
• Joined Habsburg Monarchy
1 January 1527
• Secession from
Austria-Hungary
29 October 1918
• Creation of Yugoslavia
4 December 1918
• Declaration of independence
25 June 1991[5]
• Admitted to the United Nations
22 May 1992
• Erdut Agreement
12 November 1995
• Joined NATO
1 April 2009
• Joined the European Union
1 July 2013
Area
• Total
56,594 km2 (21,851 sq mi) (124th)
• Water (%)
1.09
Population
• 2021 census
Neutral decrease 3,871,833[6] (128th)
• Density
68.4/km2 (177.2/sq mi) (152nd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $163 billion[7] (77th)
• Per capita
Increase $42,530[7] (45th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $78 billion[7] (77th)
• Per capita
Increase $20,537[7] (49th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 28.3[8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.858[9]
very high · 40th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd. mm. yyyy. (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+385
ISO 3166 codeHR
Internet TLD
Republic of Cuba
República de Cuba (Spanish)
Motto: ¡Patria o Muerte, Venceremos!
("Homeland or Death, We Shall Overcome!")[1]
Anthem: La Bayamesa
("The Bayamo Song")[2]
Cuba shown in dark green
Cuba shown in dark green
Capital
and largest city
Havana
23°8′N 82°23′W / 23.133°N 82.383°W / 23.133; -82.383
Official languagesSpanish
Other spoken languagesHaitian Creole
English
Ethnic groups
(2012)[a][3]
Religion
(2020)[4]
Demonym(s)Cuban
GovernmentUnitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic[5]
• President and First Secretary[b]
Miguel Díaz-Canel
• Vice President
Salvador Valdés Mesa
• Prime Minister
Manuel Marrero Cruz
• National Assembly President
Esteban Lazo Hernández
LegislatureNational Assembly of People's Power
Independence 
from Spain and the United States
• Slaves rebellion
Declaration of Independence
11 March 1812
10 October 1868
• War of Independence
24 February 1895
• Recognized (Handed over to the United States from Spain)
10 December 1898
• Republic declared (Independence from United States)
20 May 1902
• Cuban Revolution
26 July 1953 – 1 January 1959
• Current constitution
10 April 2019
Area
• Total
109,884 km2 (42,426 sq mi) (104th)
• Water (%)
0
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral decrease 11,008,112[6] (84th)
• 2021 census
11,113,215[7] (83rd)
• Density
101.8/km2 (263.7/sq mi) (80th)
GDP (PPP)2015 estimate
• Total
$254.865 billion[8]
• Per capita
$22,237[8][9]
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
Increase $107.352 billion[10] (60th)
• Per capita
Increase $9,478[10] (84th)
Gini (2000)38.0[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.764[12]
high · 83rd
CurrencyCuban peso (CUP)
Time zoneUTC−5 (CST)
• Summer (DST)
UTC−4 (CDT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+53
ISO 3166 codeCU
Internet TLD.cu
Republic of Cyprus
  • Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία (Greek)
  • Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti (Turkish)
Anthem: Ὕμνος εἰς τὴν Ἐλευθερίαν[a]
"Hymn to Liberty"
Location of Cyprus (pictured lower right), showing the Republic of Cyprus in darker green and disputed territory shown in brighter green, with the rest of the European Union shown in faded green
Location of Cyprus (pictured lower right), showing the Republic of Cyprus in darker green and disputed territory shown in brighter green, with the rest of the European Union shown in faded green
Capital
and largest city
Nicosia
35°10′N 33°22′E / 35.167°N 33.367°E / 35.167; 33.367
Official languages
Minority languages
Vernaculars
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2020; including Northern Cyprus)
Demonym(s)Cypriot
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Nikos Christodoulides
• Vice-President
Vacant[b]
• President of the House of Representatives
Annita Demetriou
LegislatureHouse of Representatives
Independence from the United Kingdom
• London-Zürich Agreements
19 February 1959
• Independence proclaimed
16 August 1960
• Independence Day
1 October 1960
• Joined the EU
1 May 2004
Area
• Total[c]
9,251 km2 (3,572 sq mi) (162nd)
• Water (%)
0.11[5]
Population
• 2021 estimate
1,244,188[c][6][7] (158th)
• 2011 census
838,897[d][8]
• Density
123.4[c][9]/km2 (319.6/sq mi) (82nd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $49.857 billion[10] (124th)
• Per capita
Increase $54,611[10] (31st)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $30.864 billion[10] (105th)
• Per capita
Increase $33,807[10] (31st)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 29.4[11]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.896[12]
very high · 29th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+357
ISO 3166 codeCY
Internet TLD.cy[e]
Czech Republic
Česká republika (Czech)
Motto: 
Pravda vítězí (Czech)
"Truth prevails"
Anthem: 
Kde domov můj (Czech)
"Where my home is"
Location of the Czech Republic (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark gray) – in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]
Location of the Czech Republic (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark gray)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Prague
50°05′N 14°28′E / 50.083°N 14.467°E / 50.083; 14.467
Official languageCzech[1]
Ethnic groups
(2021)[2]
Religion
(2021)[3]
  • 56.9% No religion
  • 1.2% Others
  • 30.1% No answer
Demonym(s)Czech
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Petr Pavel
• Prime Minister
Petr Fiala
LegislatureParliament
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Establishment history
• Duchy of Bohemia
c. 870
• Kingdom of Bohemia
1198
• Czechoslovakia
28 October 1918
• Czech Republic
1 January 1993
Area
• Total
78,871 km2 (30,452 sq mi) (115th)
• Water (%)
2.14 (as of 2021)[4]
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 10,533,399[5] (86th)
• 2021 census
Neutral increase 10,524,167[2]
• Density
133/km2 (344.5/sq mi) (91st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $509.953  billion[6] (48th)
• Per capita
Increase $47,527[6] (36th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $296.238  billion[6] (48th)
• Per capita
Increase $27,609 [6] (43rd)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 24.2[7]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.889[8]
very high · 32nd
CurrencyCzech koruna (CZK)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatd. m. yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+420[a]
ISO 3166 codeCZ
Internet TLD.cz[b]
Democratic Republic of the Congo
République démocratique du Congo (French)
Repubilika ya Kôngo ya Dimokalasi (Kituba)
Republíki ya Kongó Demokratíki (Lingala)
Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo (Swahili)
Ditunga dia Kongu wa Mungalaata (Luba-Lulua)
Motto: "Justice – Paix – Travail" (French)
"Justice – Peace – Work"
Anthem: Debout Congolais (French)
"Arise, Congolese"
Democratic Republic of the Congo (orthographic projection).svg
Location Democratic Republic of the Congo AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Kinshasa
4°19′S 15°19′E / 4.317°S 15.317°E / -4.317; 15.317
Official languagesFrench
Recognised national languages
Religion
(2021)[1]
  • 2.6% Traditional faiths
  • 1.5% Islam
  • 0.5% Others / None
Demonym(s)Congolese
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Félix Tshisekedi
• Prime Minister
Sama Lukonde
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Formation
• Colonised
17 November 1879
• Congo Free State
1 July 1885
• Belgian Congo
15 November 1908
• Independence from Belgium
30 June 1960[2]
• Admitted to the United Nations
20 September 1960
• Named Democratic Republic of the Congo
1 August 1964
• Republic of Zaire
27 October 1971
• First Congo War
17 May 1997
• Current constitution
18 February 2006
Area
• Total
2,345,409 km2 (905,567 sq mi) (11th)
• Water (%)
3.32
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase111,859,928[3] (14th)
• Density
46.3/km2 (119.9/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $128 billion[4] (90th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,327[4] (188th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $64 billion[4] (86th)
• Per capita
Increase $660[4] (190th)
Gini (2012)Positive decrease 42.1[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.479[6]
low · 179th
CurrencyCongolese franc (CDF)
Time zoneUTC+1 to +2 (WAT and CAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+243
ISO 3166 codeCD
Internet TLD.cd
Kingdom of Denmark
Motto: "Guds hjælp, folkets kærlighed, Danmarks styrke" (Danish)
(English: "God's help, the love of the people, Denmark's strength")
Anthems:
Der er et yndigt land
(English: "There is a lovely country")

Kong Christian stod ved højen mast[a]
(English: "King Christian stood by the lofty mast")
Location of Denmark
Clockwise from top left (sizes not to scale): maps of Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Denmark
Clockwise from top left (sizes not to scale): maps of Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Denmark
Capital
and largest city
Copenhagen[b]
Official languagesDanish
Recognised regional languagesFaroese
Greenlandic
German[c]
Countries (non‑sovereign parts)
GovernmentDevolved unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Margrethe II
• Prime Minister
Mette Frederiksen
• Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
Aksel V. Johannesen
• Prime Minister of Greenland
Múte Bourup Egede
Legislature
History
• Unification
c. 965[4]
• Faroese home rule
24 March 1948[5]
• Greenlandic home rule
1 May 1979[6]
• Faroese takeover act
29 July 2005[7][8]
• Greenlandic self rule
21 June 2009
Area
• Denmark
42,926 km2 (16,574 sq mi)
• Faroe Islands
1,396 km2 (538.999 sq mi)
• Greenland
2,166,086 km2 (836,330 sq mi)
Population
• Q3 2021 estimate
5,958,380[9] (114th)
• Faroe Islands
52,110[10]
• Greenland
56,081[11]
CurrencyDanish krone[d] (DKK) and Faroese króna
Time zone
List
• Summer (DST)
List
  • UTC+2 (CEST) (Denmark)
  • UTC+1 (WEST) (Faroe Islands)
  • UTC-3 to 0 (ADT, WGST, EGST, GMT) (Greenland)
Driving sideright
Calling code
3 codes[12]
ISO 3166 codeDK
Internet TLD
3 TLDs
  • .dk  (Denmark)[e]
  • .fo  (Faroe Islands)
  • .gl  (Greenland)
Republic of Djibouti
  • République de Djibouti (French)
  • Jumhūrīyah Jībūtī جمهورية جيبوتي (Arabic)
  • Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti (Somali)
  • Gabuutih Ummuuno (Afar)
Motto: 
Midnimo, Sinnaan, Nabad (Somali)
Inkittiino, Qeedala, Wagari (Afar)
Unité, Égalité, Paix (French)
اتحاد، مساواة، سلام (Arabic)
Unity, Equality, Peace (English)
Anthem: Djibouti
Djibouti (orthographic projection).svg
Location Djibouti AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Djibouti
11°36′N 43°10′E / 11.600°N 43.167°E / 11.600; 43.167
Official languages
National languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
94% Islam
6% Christianity
Demonym(s)Djiboutian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic under a hereditary dictatorship[2][3]
• President
Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
• Prime Minister
Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed
LegislatureNational Assembly
Formation
• French Somaliland
20 May 1883
• French Territory of the Afars and Issas
5 July 1967
• Independence from France
27 June 1977
• Admitted to the United Nations
20 September 1977
• Current constitution
4 September 1992
Area
• Total
23,200[1] km2 (8,958 sq mi)[1] (146th)
• Water (%)
0.09 (20 km² / 7.7 sq mi)
Population
• 2022 estimate
957,273[4] (162nd)
• Density
37.2/km2 (96.3/sq mi) (168th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$6.61 billion[5] (167th)
• Per capita
Increase $6,514[5] (137th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.7  billion[5] (172nd)
• Per capita
Increase $3,666[5] (126th)
Gini (2017)Negative increase 41.6[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.509[7]
low · 171st
CurrencyDjiboutian franc (DJF)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+253
ISO 3166 codeDJ
Internet TLD.dj
Commonwealth of Dominica
Motto: "Apres Bondie, C'est La Ter"[1] (Dominican Creole French)
"Post Deum terra est" (Latin)
"After God is the earth"
Anthem: Isle of Beauty, Isle of Splendour
Location of Dominica (circled in red) in the Western Hemisphere
Location of Dominica (circled in red)

in the Western Hemisphere

Capital
and largest city
Roseau
15°18′N 61°23′W / 15.300°N 61.383°W / 15.300; -61.383
Official languagesEnglish
Vernacular
languages
Dominican Creole
Ethnic groups
(2014[2])
Religion
(2020)
Demonym(s)Dominican
(pronounced /ˌdɒmɪˈnkən/)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Charles Savarin
• Prime Minister
Roosevelt Skerrit
• Speaker of the House of Assembly
Joseph Isaac
LegislatureHouse of Assembly of Dominica
Independence 
from the United Kingdom
• West Indies associated state
1 March 1967
• Sovereignty and current constitution
3 November 1978
Area
• Total
750 km2 (290 sq mi) (174th)
• Water (%)
1.6
Population
• 2021 estimate
72,412[4][5] (186th)
• 2011 census
72,000[6]
• Density
105/km2 (271.9/sq mi) (95th)
GDP (PPP)2018 estimate
• Total
$688 million[7]
• Per capita
$9,726[7]
GDP (nominal)2018 estimate
• Total
$485 million[7]
• Per capita
$7,860[7]
HDI (2019)Increase 0.742[8]
high · 94th
CurrencyEast Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Time zoneUTC–4 (AST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1-767
ISO 3166 codeDM
Internet TLD.dm
Dominican Republic
República Dominicana (Spanish)
Motto: "Dios, Patria, Libertad" (Spanish)
"God, Homeland, Freedom"
Anthem: ¡Quisqueyanos Valientes!
Valiant Quisqueyans! 
Location of the Dominican Republic
Capital
and largest city
Santo Domingo
19°00′N 70°40′W / 19.000°N 70.667°W / 19.000; -70.667
Official languagesSpanish
Ethnic groups
(2021)[1]
Religion
(2018)[2]
Demonym(s)Dominican
Quisqueyan (colloquial)[3]
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic[4]
• President
Luis Abinader
• Vice President
Raquel Peña de Antuña
LegislatureCongress
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Formation
• Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
1492–1795
• French Santo Domingo
1795–1809
• Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo
1809–1821[5]
• Ephemeral Independence
1821–1822
• Haitian occupation
1822–1844
• First Republic
1844–1861[6]
• Spanish occupation
1861–1865
• Second Republic
1865–1916[7]
• United States occupation
1916–1924
• Third Republic
1924–1965[8][9]
• Fourth Republic
1966–present[10]
Area
• Total
48,671 km2 (18,792 sq mi) (128th)
• Water (%)
0.7[4]
Population
• 2022 estimate
10,694,700[11] (87th)
• 2010 census
9,445,281[12]
• Density
220/km2 (569.8/sq mi) (65th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$254.99 billion[13] (65th)
• Per capita
$23,983[13] (68th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$109.08 billion[13] (67th)
• Per capita
$10,259 [13] (94th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 39.6[14]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.767[15]
high · 80th
CurrencyDominican peso[5] (DOP)
Time zoneUTC  – 4:00[4] (Atlantic Standard Time)
Driving sideright
Calling code+1-809, +1-829, +1-849
ISO 3166 codeDO
Internet TLD.do[4]
Sources for area, capital, coat of arms, coordinates, flag, language, motto and names: [5]
For an alternate area figure of 48,730 km2 (18,810 sq mi), calling code 809 and Internet TLD: [4]
Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
  • República Democrática de Timor-Leste (Portuguese)
  • Repúblika Demokrátika de Timór-Leste (Tetum)
Motto: Unidade, Acção, Progresso (Portuguese)
"Unity, Action, Progress"
Anthem: Pátria (Portuguese)
"Fatherland"
Location of East Timor
Capital
and largest city
Dili
8°33′S 125°34′E / 8.55°S 125.56°E / -8.55; 125.56Coordinates: 8°33′S 125°34′E / 8.55°S 125.56°E / -8.55; 125.56
Official languages
National languages
Working languages
Religion
(2015 census)[1]
Demonym(s)
  • East Timorese
  • Timorese
  • Maubere (informal)[2][3]
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic[4]
• President
José Ramos-Horta
• Prime Minister
Taur Matan Ruak
LegislatureNational Parliament
Independence 
• Portuguese Timor
16th century
• Independence declared
28 November 1975
• Annexation by Indonesia
17 July 1976
• Administered by UNTAET
25 October 1999
• Independence restored
20 May 2002
Area
• Total
14,874 km2 (5,743 sq mi) (154th)
• Water (%)
Negligible
Population
• 2021 estimate
1,340,513 (153rd)
• 2015 census
1,183,643[5]
• Density
78/km2 (202.0/sq mi) (137th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $5.3 billion [6] (173rd)
• Per capita
Decrease $3,904[6] (157th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $2.45 billion[6] (183rd)
• Per capita
Decrease $1,793[6] (151st)
Gini (2014)28.7[7]
low
HDI (2021)0.607[8]
medium · 140th
CurrencyUnited States dollarb East Timor Centavo (USD)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Timor-Leste Time)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+670
ISO 3166 codeTL
Internet TLD.tlc
  1. Fifteen further "national languages" are recognised by the Constitution
  2. Centavo coins also used
  3. Former use of .tp has been phased out
Republic of Ecuador
República del Ecuador  (Spanish)
Motto: 
  • Dios, patria y libertad (Spanish)
  • Pro Deo, Patria et Libertate (Latin)
  • "God, homeland and freedom"
Anthem: Salve, Oh Patria (Spanish)
(English: "Hail, Oh Homeland")
Location of Ecuador (dark green)
Location of Ecuador (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Quito[1]
00°13′12″S 78°30′43″W / 0.22000°S 78.51194°W / -0.22000; -78.51194
Official languagesSpanish[2]
Recognized regional languagesKichwa (Quechua), Shuar and others "are in official use for indigenous peoples"[3]
Ethnic groups
(2010[4])
Religion
(2020)[5]
Demonym(s)Ecuadorian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Guillermo Lasso
• Vice President
Alfredo Borrero
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• Declared
10 August 1809
• from Spain
24 May 1822
• from Gran Colombia
13 May 1830
• Recognized by Spain
16 February 1840[6]
• Liberal Revolution
5 June 1895
• Current constitution
28 September 2008
Area
• Total
283,561 km2 (109,484 sq mi)[7] (73rd)
• Water (%)
5
Population
• 2022 estimate
17,289,554[8] (71st)
• 2022 census
18,048,628[9]
• Density
69/km2 (178.7/sq mi) (148th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$229.815 billion[10] (68th)
• Per capita
Increase $12,763 [10] (109th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $115.479 billion [10] (63rd)
• Per capita
Increase$6,413[10] (95th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 47.3[11]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.740[12]
high · 95th
CurrencyUnited States dollarb (USD)
Time zoneUTC−5 / −6 (ECT / GALT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+593
ISO 3166 codeEC
Internet TLD.ec
  1. Including Galápagos Islands.
  2. Sucre until 2000, replaced by the US$ and Ecuadorian centavo coins.
Arab Republic of Egypt
جمهورية مصر العربية
  • Arabic:Jumhūrīyat Miṣr al-ʻArabīyah
    Egyptian:Gomhoreyyet Maṣr el-ʿArabeyya
Anthem: "Bilady, Bilady, Bilady"
"بلادى، بلادى، بلادى"
(English: "My country, my country, my country")
EGY orthographic.svg
Capital
and largest city
Cairo
30°2′N 31°13′E / 30.033°N 31.217°E / 30.033; 31.217
Official languagesArabic
National languageEgyptian Arabic[a]
Religion
See Religion in Egypt
Demonym(s)Egyptian
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
• Prime Minister
Moustafa Madbouly
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Representatives
Establishment
• Unification of Upper
and Lower Egypt
[1][2][b]
c. 3150 BC
• Muhammad Ali dynasty inaugurated
9 July 1805[3]
• Independence from
United Kingdom
28 February 1922
• Revolution Day
23 July 1952
• Republic declared
18 June 1953
• Current constitution
18 January 2014
Area
• Total
1,010,408[4][5] km2 (390,121 sq mi) (29th)
• Water (%)
0.632
Population
• 2023 estimate
104,635,983[6] (14th)
• 2017 census
94,798,827[7][8]
• Density
103.56/km2 (268.2/sq mi) (118th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.8 trillion[9] (18th)
• Per capita
Increase $16,980[9] (93rd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $378.110 billion[9] (41st)
• Per capita
Decrease $3,644[9] (128th)
Gini (2017)Positive decrease 31.5[10]
medium
HDI (2021)Steady 0.731[11]
high · 97th
CurrencyEgyptian pound (LE/E£/£E) (EGP)
Time zoneUTC+2[c] (EGY)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3
Driving sideright
Calling code+20
ISO 3166 codeEG
Internet TLD
  1. ^ Literary Arabic is the sole official language.[12] Egyptian Arabic is the spoken language. Other dialects and minority languages are spoken regionally.
  2. ^ "Among the peoples of the ancient Near East, only the Egyptians have stayed where they were and remained what they were, although they have changed their language once and their religion twice. In a sense, they constitute the world's oldest nation".[1] Arthur Goldschmidt Jr.
  3. ^ See Daylight saving time in Egypt.
Republic of El Salvador
República de El Salvador (Spanish)
Motto: Dios, Unión, Libertad
"God, Union, Liberty"
Anthem: Himno Nacional de El Salvador
"National Anthem of El Salvador"
Location of El Salvador
Location of El Salvador
Capital
and largest city
San Salvador
13°41′56″N 89°11′29″W / 13.69889°N 89.19139°W / 13.69889; -89.19139
Official languagesSpanish
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2017)[2]
Demonym(s)Salvadoran
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Nayib Bukele
• Vice President
Félix Ulloa
LegislatureLegislative Assembly
Independence
• Declared from Spain
15 September 1821
• Declared from the First Mexican Empire
1 July 1823
• Declared from the
Federal Republic of
Central America
12 June 1824
• International recognition[3]
18 February 1841
Area
• Total
21,041 km2 (8,124 sq mi) (148th)
• Water (%)
1.5
Population
• 2023 estimate
6,572,243[4] (109th)
• Density
324.4/km2 (840.2/sq mi) (26th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase$74.05 billion [5] (107th)
• Per capita
Increase$11,647 [5] (114th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase$33.75 billion[5] (104th)
• Per capita
Increase$5,308[5] (108th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 38.8[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.675[7]
medium · 125th
Currency
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+503[b]
ISO 3166 codeSV
Internet TLD.sv
  1. ^ The U.S. dollar is the currency in use.[needs update] Financial information can be expressed in U.S. dollar and in Salvadoran colón, but the colón is out of circulation.[8]
  2. ^ Telephone companies (market share): Tigo (45%), Claro (25%), Movistar (24%), Digicel (5.5%), Red (0.5%).
Republic of Equatorial Guinea
  • República de Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)
  • République de Guinée équatoriale (French)
  • República da Guiné Equatorial (Portuguese)
Motto: Unidad, Paz, Justicia (Spanish)
"Unity, Peace, Justice"
Anthem: Caminemos pisando las sendas de nuestra inmensa felicidad (Spanish)
Let Us Walk Treading the Paths of Our Immense Happiness
GNQ orthographic.svg
Location Equatorial Guinea AU Africa.svg
CapitalMalabo (current)
Ciudad de la Paz (under construction)
3°45′N 8°47′E / 3.750°N 8.783°E / 3.750; 8.783
Largest cityMalabo
Official languages
Recognised regional languages
Ethnic groups
(1994[3])
Religion
(2020)[4]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic under a dictatorship[5][6]
• President
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
• Vice President
Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue
• Prime Minister
Manuela Roka Botey
LegislatureParliament
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Independence 
from Spain
• Declared
12 October 1968
Area
• Total
28,050 km2 (10,830 sq mi) (141st)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
1,679,172[7] (154th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$27.959 billion (148th)
• Per capita
$18,127[8]
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$16.012 billion (133rd)
• Per capita
$8,462[9]
HDI (2021)Increase 0.596[10]
medium · 145th
CurrencyCentral African CFA franc (XAF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+240
ISO 3166 codeGQ
Internet TLD.gq
  1. Including Equatoguinean Spanish (Español ecuatoguineano).
State of Eritrea
Anthem: ኤርትራ ኤርትራ ኤርትራ (Tigrinya)
"Eritrea, Eritrea, Eritrea"
Eritrea (Africa orthographic projection).svg
Location Eritrea AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Asmara
15°20′N 38°55′E / 15.333°N 38.917°E / 15.333; 38.917
Official languagesNone[1]
Recognised national languages
Working languages
Ethnic groups
(2021)[3][4]
Religion
See religion in Eritrea
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary one-party presidential republic under a totalitarian dictatorship[5][6][7][8][9]
• President
Isaias Afwerki
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence 
• Eritrean War of Independence
1 September 1961
• De facto
24 May 1991
• De jure
24 May 1993
Area
• Total
117,600 km2 (45,400 sq mi) (97th)
• Water (%)
14.1%
Population
• 2020 estimate
3.6-6.7 million[10][11][a]
GDP (PPP)2011 estimate
• Total
$6.88 billion[13]
• Per capita
$1,910[13]
GDP (nominal)2011 estimate
• Total
$2.25 billion[13]
• Per capita
$626[13]
HDI (2019)Increase 0.459[14]
low · 180th
CurrencyNakfa (ERN)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (not observed)
Driving sideright
Calling code+291
ISO 3166 codeER
Internet TLD.er
  1. ^ Eritrea has never conducted an official government census.[12]
Republic of Estonia
Eesti Vabariik (Estonian)
Anthem: 
Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm
(English: "My fatherland, my happiness and joy")
Estonia on the globe (Europe centered).svg
EU-Estonia.svg
Location of Estonia (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Tallinn
59°25′N 24°45′E / 59.417°N 24.750°E / 59.417; 24.750
Official languageEstonian
Ethnic groups (2022)
Religion
(2011[1])
Demonym(s)Estonian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Alar Karis
• Prime Minister
Kaja Kallas
LegislatureRiigikogu
Independence 
from Russia and Germany
• Declaration of independence
23–24 February 1918
• Joined the League of Nations
22 September 1921
• German and Soviet occupations
1940–1991
• Independence restored
20 August 1991
• Joined the European Union
1 May 2004
Area
• Total
45,339 km2 (17,505 sq mi) (129thd)
• Water (%)
4.6
Population
• 2023 estimate
Increase 1,357,739[2]
• 2021 census
1,331,824[3]
• Density
30.6/km2 (79.3/sq mi) (148th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $61.757 billion[4] (113th)
• Per capita
Increase $46,385 [4] (40th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $41.55 billion[4] (102th)
• Per capita
Increase $31,207[4] (37th)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 30.6[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.890[6]
very high · 31st
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+372
ISO 3166 codeEE
Internet TLD.ee
Kingdom of Eswatini
Umbuso weSwatini (Swazi)
Motto: 
"Siyinqaba" (Swazi)
"We are a fortress"
"We are a mystery"
"We hide ourselves away"
"We are powerful ones"
Anthem: 
"Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati"
"Oh God, Bestower of the Blessings of the Swazi'"

Location of Eswatini (dark blue) in Africa (light blue)
Location of Eswatini (dark blue)

in Africa (light blue)

Capital

26°30′S 31°30′E / 26.500°S 31.500°E / -26.500; 31.500Coordinates: 26°30′S 31°30′E / 26.500°S 31.500°E / -26.500; 31.500
Largest cityManzini
Official languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2017)
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary absolute monarchy
• Ngwenyama
Mswati III
• Ndlovukati
Ntfombi
• Prime Minister
Cleopas Dlamini
• Chief Justice
Bheki Maphalala
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Assembly
Independence from the United Kingdom
• Granted
6 September 1968
• United Nations membership
24 September 1968
• Current constitution
2005[2][3][4]
• Renaming
19 April 2018
Area
• Total
17,364 km2 (6,704 sq mi) (153rd)
• Water (%)
0.9
Population
• 2020 estimate
1,160,164 [5] (155th)
• 2017 census
1,093,238[6]
• Density
66.8/km2 (173.0/sq mi) (135th)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
$10.717 billion
• Per capita
$9,409[7]
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
$4.517 billion
• Per capita
$3,965[7]
Gini (2016)Negative increase 54.6[8]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.597[9]
medium · 144th
Currency
Time zoneUTC+2 (SAST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+268
ISO 3166 codeSZ
Internet TLD.sz
Website
www.gov.sz
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Name in national languages
  • Amharic:የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ
    Ye-Ītyōṗṗyā Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk
    Oromo:Rippabliikii Federaalawaa Dimokraatawaa Itiyoophiyaa
    Somali:Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Federaalka Itoobiya
    Wolayta:Toophphiyaa Federaale Demokiraase Ripaablike
    Tigrinya:ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ ኢትዮጵያ
    Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīki Ítiyop'iya
    Afar:Itiyoppiya Federaalak Demokraatik Rippeblikih
Anthem: 
ወደፊት ገስግሺ ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ
(English: "March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia")
Location of Ethiopia
Capital
and largest city
Addis Ababa
9°1′N 38°45′E / 9.017°N 38.750°E / 9.017; 38.750
Official languagesAfar
Amharic
Oromo
Somali
Tigrinya[1][2][3]
Ethnic groups
(2007[5][6])
Religion
(2016[7])
  • 31.3% Islam
  • 0.6% Traditional faiths
  • 0.8% Others / None
Demonym(s)Ethiopian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary republic[8]
• President
Sahle-Work Zewde
• Prime Minister
Abiy Ahmed
LegislatureFederal Parliamentary Assembly
House of Federation
House of Peoples' Representatives
Formation
• Ethiopian Empire
1270
• Zemene Mesafint
7 May 1769
• Reunification
11 February 1855
• Centralisation
1904
• Occupied and annexed into Italian East Africa
9 May 1936
• Anglo-Ethiopian Agreement
31 January 1942
• Derg
12 September 1974
• Transitional government
28 May 1991
• Current constitution
21 August 1995
Area
• Total
1,104,300[9] km2 (426,400 sq mi) (26th)
• Water (%)
0.7
Population
• 2022 estimate
113,656,596[10] (13th)
• 2007 census
73,750,932[6]
• Density
92.7/km2 (240.1/sq mi) (123rd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $394 billion[11] (55th)
• Per capita
Increase $3,724[11] (159th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $156 billion[11] (59th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,475[11] (159th)
Gini (2015)Negative increase 35.0[12]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.498[13]
low · 175th
CurrencyBirr (ETB)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+251
ISO 3166 codeET
Internet TLD.et
Republic of Fiji
  • Matanitu Tugalala o Viti (Fijian)
  • फ़िजी गणराज्य Fijī Gaṇarājya (Fiji Hindi)
Motto: "Rerevaka na Kalou ka Doka na Tui" (Fijian)
"Fear God and honour the King"[1]
Anthem: "God Bless Fiji"
Location of Fiji
Capital
and largest city
Suva[2]
18°10′S 178°27′E / 18.167°S 178.450°E / -18.167; 178.450
Official languages
Recognised regional languagesRotuman
Ethnic groups
(2016[4])
Religion
Demonym(s)Fijian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Wiliame Katonivere
• Prime Minister
Sitiveni Rabuka
LegislatureParliament
Independence 
• Independence
10 October 1970
• Republic
7 October 1987
Area
• Total
18,274 km2 (7,056 sq mi) (151st)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2018 estimate
926,276[6] (161st)
• 2017 census
884,887[7]
• Density
46.4/km2 (120.2/sq mi) (148th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$12.6 billion [8] (158th)
• Per capita
Increase$13,944[8] (102nd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease$4.85 billion[8] (164th)
• Per capita
Decrease$5,341[8] (106th)
Gini (2013)36.4[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.730[10]
high · 99th
CurrencyFijian dollar (FJD)
Time zoneUTC+12 (FJT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+679
ISO 3166 codeFJ
Internet TLD.fj
Republic of Finland
Anthem: 
Maamme (Finnish)
Vårt land (Swedish)
(English: "Our Land")
EU-Finland (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Finland.svg
Location of Finland (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Helsinki
60°10′15″N 24°56′15″E / 60.17083°N 24.93750°E / 60.17083; 24.93750
Official languages
Recognized national languages
Ethnic groups
(2021)[1][2]
Religion
(2021)[3]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic[4]
• President
Sauli Niinistö
• Prime Minister
Sanna Marin
• Speaker of the Parliament
Petteri Orpo
LegislatureParliament
Independence 
from Russia
• Integration and autonomy in the Russian Empire
29 March 1809
• Declaration of Independence
6 December 1917
• Finnish Civil War
January – May 1918
• Constitution established
17 July 1919
• Winter War
30 November 1939 – 13 March 1940
• Continuation War
25 June 1941 – 19 September 1944
• Joined the EU
1 January 1995
• Joined NATO
4 April 2023
Area
• Total
338,455 km2 (130,678 sq mi) (65th)
• Water (%)
9.71 (2015)[5]
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 5,614,571[6] (116th)
• Density
16.4/km2 (42.5/sq mi) (213th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $321.2 billion[7] (60th)
• Per capita
Increase $58,010[7] (21st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $267.61 billion[7] (46th)
• Per capita
Increase $53,745[7] (16th)
Gini (2021)Positive decrease 25.7[8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.940[9]
very high · 11th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy[10]
Driving sideright
Calling code+358
ISO 3166 codeFI
Internet TLD.fi, .axa
  1. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
French Republic
République française (French)
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité"
("Liberty, Equality, Fraternity")
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
EU-France (orthographic projection).svg
EU-France.svg
France in the World (+Antarctica claims).svg
Location of France (red or dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Paris
48°51′N 2°21′E / 48.850°N 2.350°E / 48.850; 2.350
Official language
and national language
French[II]
Nationality (2021)
Religion
(2021)[4]
  • 33% no religion
  • 4% Islam
  • 2% Buddhism
  • 1% Judaism
  • 1% other
  • 9% unanswered
Demonym(s)French
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Emmanuel Macron
• Prime Minister
Élisabeth Borne
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Establishment
• Kingdom of the West Franks - Treaty of Verdun
10 August 843
• Kingdom of France - Capetian rulers of France
3 July 987
• French Republic - French First Republic
22 September 1792
• Founded the EEC[III]
1 January 1958
• Current constitution - French Fifth Republic
4 October 1958
Area
• Total
643,801 km2 (248,573 sq mi)[5] (42nd)
• Water (%)
0.86 (2015)[6]
551,695 km2 (213,011 sq mi)[IV] (50th)
• Metropolitan France (Cadastre)
543,940.9 km2 (210,016.8 sq mi)[V][7] (50th)
Population
• January 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 68,042,591[8] (20th)
• Density
105.4627/km2 (106th)
• Metropolitan France, estimate as of January 2023
Neutral increase 65,834,837[9] (23rd)
• Density
121/km2 (313.4/sq mi) (89th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.667 trillion[10] (10th)
• Per capita
Increase $56,036[10] (24th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.013 trillion[10] (7th)
• Per capita
Increase $44,747[10] (28th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 29.3[11]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.910[12]
very high · 28th
Currency
Time zoneUTC+1 (Central European Time)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (Central European Summer Time[IX])
Note: Various other time zones are observed in overseas France.[VIII]
Although France is in the UTC (Z) (Western European Time) zone, UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) was enforced as the standard time since 25 February 1940, upon German occupation in WW2, with a +0:50:39 offset (and +1:50:39 during DST) from Paris LMT (UTC+0:09:21).[13]
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (AD)
Driving sideright
Calling code+33[X]
ISO 3166 codeFR
Internet TLD.fr[XI]
Source gives area of metropolitan France as 551,500 km2 (212,900 sq mi) and lists overseas regions separately, whose areas sum to 89,179 km2 (34,432 sq mi). Adding these give the total shown here for the entire French Republic. The CIA reports the total as 643,801 km2 (248,573 sq mi).
Gabonese Republic
République gabonaise (French)
Motto: "Union, Travail, Justice" (French)
"Union, Work, Justice"
Anthem: "La Concorde" (French)
"The Concord"
Gabon (orthographic projection).svg
Location Gabon AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Libreville
0°23′N 9°27′E / 0.383°N 9.450°E / 0.383; 9.450
Official languagesFrench
Regional languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2020)[1]
Demonym(s)
  • Gabonese
  • Gabonaise
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Ali Bongo Ondimba
• Vice President
Rose Christiane Raponda
• Prime Minister
Alain Claude Billie By Nze
• Senate President
Lucie Milebou Aubusson
• National Assembly President
Faustin Boukoubi
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Independence from 
• Republic established
28 November 1958
• Granted
16–17 August 1960
Area
• Total
267,667 km2 (103,347 sq mi) (76th)
• Water (%)
3.76%
Population
• 2022 estimate
2,340,613[2] (146th)
• Density
7.9/km2 (20.5/sq mi) (216th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$39.0 billion[3] (132nd)
• Per capita
Increase$18,080[3] (83th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $22.2 billion[3] (117th)
• Per capita
Increase$10,282[3] (75th)
Gini (2017)38[4]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.706[5]
high · 112th
CurrencyCentral African CFA franc (XAF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+241
ISO 3166 codeGA
Internet TLD.ga
Preceded by
French Equatorial Africa
Republic of The Gambia
Motto: "Progress, Peace, and Prosperity"
Anthem: "For The Gambia Our Homeland"
Location of the Gambia (dark green) in western Africa
Location of the Gambia (dark green) in western Africa
CapitalBanjul
13°28′N 16°36′W / 13.467°N 16.600°W / 13.467; -16.600Coordinates: 13°28′N 16°36′W / 13.467°N 16.600°W / 13.467; -16.600
Largest metropolitan areaSerekunda
Official languagesEnglish
National languages
Ethnic groups
(2013 Census)
Religion
(2019)[2]
Demonym(s)Gambian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Adama Barrow
• Vice President
Muhammad B.S. Jallow
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Fabakary Jatta
• Chief Justice
Hassan Bubacar Jallow
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• from the United Kingdom
18 February 1965
• dissolution of the Senegambia Confederation
30 September 1989
Area
• Total
11,300[3] km2 (4,400 sq mi) (159th)
• Water (%)
11.5
Population
• 2022 estimate
2,413,403[4] (144th)
• Density
176.1/km2 (456.1/sq mi) (74th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$6.7 billion[5] (166th)
• Per capita
Increase $2,640[5] (175th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$2.1 billion[5] (185th)
• Per capita
Increase $846[5] (180th)
Gini (2015)Positive decrease 35.9[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.500[7]
low · 174th
CurrencyGambian dalasi (GMD)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Daylight saving time is not observed
Driving sideright
Calling code+220
ISO 3166 codeGM
Internet TLD.gm
Georgia
საქართველო (Georgian)
Sakartvelo
Motto: 
ძალა ერთობაშია
Dzala ertobashia
"Strength is in Unity"
Anthem: 
თავისუფლება
Tavisupleba
"Freedom"
Georgia (orthographic projection with inset).svg
Locator map of Georgia.svg
Georgia in dark green; uncontrolled
territory
in light green
Capital
and largest city
Tbilisi
41°43′N 44°47′E / 41.717°N 44.783°E / 41.717; 44.783
Official languagesGeorgian
Recognised regional languagesAbkhaz[a]
Ethnic groups
(2014[a])
Religion
(2014)
  • 10.7% Islam
  • 1.2% Others / None[3]
Demonym(s)Georgian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Salome Zourabichvili
• Prime Minister
Irakli Garibashvili
• Chairperson of
the Parliament
Shalva Papuashvili
LegislatureParliament
Establishment history
• Colchis and Iberia
13th c. BC – 580 AD
• Kingdom of Abkhazia and Kingdom of the Iberians
786–1008
• Unification of the Georgian realm
1008
• The Tripartite division
1463–1810
• Russian annexation
12 September 1801
• Independence from the Russian Empire
26 May 1918
• Red Army invasion
25 February 1921
• Independence from the Soviet Union
 • Declared
 • Finalized


9 April 1991
26 December 1991
• Current constitution
24 August 1995
Area
• Total
69,700 km2 (26,900 sq mi) (119th)
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral decrease 3,688,647[a][4]
4,012,104[b] (126th)
• 2014 census
Neutral decrease 3,713,804[a][5]
• Density
57.6/km2 (149.2/sq mi) (137th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $80.611 billion[a][6] (102th)
• Per capita
Increase $21,922[a][6] (75th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $27.947 billion[a][6] (115th)
• Per capita
Increase $7,600[a][6] (92nd)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 34.5[a][7]
medium
HDI (2019)Increase 0.802[a][8]
very high · 63rd
CurrencyGeorgian lari (₾) (GEL)
Time zoneUTC+4 (Georgia Time GET)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+995
ISO 3166 codeGE
Internet TLD.ge, .გე
  1. ^ Not including occupied territories.
  2. ^ Including occupied territories.[citation needed]
Federal Republic of Germany
Bundesrepublik Deutschland (German)
Anthem: Deutschlandlied[a]
"Song of Germany"
EU-Germany (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Germany.svg
Location of Germany (dark green)

– in Europe (light green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (light green)

Capital
and largest city
Berlin[b]
52°31′N 13°23′E / 52.517°N 13.383°E / 52.517; 13.383
Official languagesGerman[c]
Demonym(s)German
GovernmentFederal parliamentary republic[4]
• President
Frank-Walter Steinmeier
• Chancellor
Olaf Scholz
LegislatureBundestag, Bundesrat[d]
Area
• Total
357,592 km2 (138,067 sq mi)[5] (63rd)
• Water (%)
1.27 (2015)[6]
Population
• Q3 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 84,270,625[7] (19th)
• Density
232/km2 (600.9/sq mi) (58th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $5.317 trillion[8] (5th)
• Per capita
Increase $63,835[8] (18th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $4.031 trillion[8] (4th)
• Per capita
Increase $48,398[8] (20th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 30.5[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.942[10]
very high · 9th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+49
ISO 3166 codeDE
Internet TLD.de
Republic of Ghana
Motto: "Freedom and Justice"
Anthem: "God Bless Our Homeland Ghana"
Location of Ghana
Capital
and largest city
Accra
5°33′N 0°12′W / 5.550°N 0.200°W / 5.550; -0.200
Official languagesEnglish[1][2]
Recognised national languages
Ethnic groups
(2021 census[3])
Religion
(2021 census[3])
Demonym(s)Ghanaian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Nana Akufo-Addo
• Vice-President
Mahamudu Bawumia
• Speaker of Parliament
Alban Bagbin
• Chief Justice
Kwasi Anin-Yeboah
LegislatureParliament
Independence from the United Kingdom
• Commonwealth realm
6 March 1957
• Republic
1 July 1960
Area
• Total
238,535 km2 (92,099 sq mi) (80th)
• Water (%)
4.61 (11,000 km2; 4,247 mi2)
Population
• 2022 estimate
32,103,042[4] (47th)
• 2021 census
30,792,608[5]
• Density
101.5/km2 (262.9/sq mi) (103rd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $229 billion[6] (68th)
• Per capita
Increase $6,974[6] (136th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $66 billion[6] (89th)
• Per capita
Decrease $2,024[6] (149th)
Gini (2016)Negative increase 43.5[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.632[8]
medium · 133rd
CurrencyCedi (GHS)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+233
ISO 3166 codeGH
Internet TLD.gh
Hellenic Republic
Ελληνική Δημοκρατία (Greek)
Ellinikí Dimokratía
Motto: Ελευθερία ή Θάνατος
Elefthería í Thánatos
(English: "Freedom or Death")
Anthem: Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν
Ímnos is tin Eleftherían
(English: "Hymn to Liberty")
EU-Greece.svg
EU-Greece (orthographic projection).svg
Location of Greece (dark green)

– in Europe (light green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (light green)

Capital
and largest city
Athens
37°58′N 23°43′E / 37.967°N 23.717°E / 37.967; 23.717
Official language
and national language
Greek
Religion
(2017)
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Katerina Sakellaropoulou
• Prime Minister
Kyriakos Mitsotakis
• Parliament Speaker
Konstantinos Tasoulas
LegislatureHellenic Parliament
Establishment history
• Independence declared from the Ottoman Empire
25 March 1821 (traditional starting date of the Greek War of Independence), 15 January 1822 (official declaration)
• Recognised
3 February 1830
• Third Hellenic Republic
24 July 1974
• Current constitution
11 June 1975
Area
• Total
131,957 km2 (50,949 sq mi)[2] (95th)
• Water (%)
1.51 (2015)[3]
Population
• 2021 census
Neutral decrease 10,482,487[4] (88th)
• Density
79.1[5]/km2 (204.9/sq mi) (133th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $418.113 billion[6] (54th)
• Per capita
Increase $39,478[6] (53rd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $239.300 billion[6] (53rd)
• Per capita
Increase $22,595[6] (44th)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 32.4[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.887[8]
very high · 33rd
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy (AD)b
Driving sideright
Calling code+30
ISO 3166 codeGR
Internet TLD
  1. The Church of Greece is recognized by the Greek Constitution as the prevailing religion in Greece,[9] and is the only country in the world where Eastern Orthodoxy is clearly recognized as a state religion.[10]
  2. Other short formats: dd-mm-yyyy, dd/mm/yyyy
  3. The .eu domain is also used, as in other European Union member states.
Grenada
Motto: "Ever Conscious of God We Aspire, Build and Advance as One People"[1]
Anthem: "Hail Grenada"
Grenada on the globe (Americas centered).svg
Capital
and largest city
St. George's
12°03′N 61°45′W / 12.050°N 61.750°W / 12.050; -61.750
Official languages
Recognised regional languages
Ethnic groups
(2011[3])
Religion
(2020)[4]
Demonym(s)Grenadian[5]
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Dame Cécile La Grenade
• Prime Minister
Dickon Mitchell
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Representatives
Formation
• Associated State
3 March 1967
• Independence from the United Kingdom
7 February 1974
• Grenadian Revolution
13 March 1979
• Constitution Restoration
4 December 1984
Area
• Total
348.5 km2 (134.6 sq mi) (185th)
• Water (%)
1.6
Population
• 2021 estimate
124,610[6][7] (179th)
• Density
318.58/km2 (825.1/sq mi) (45th)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.801 billion[8]
• Per capita
$16,604[8]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.249 billion[8]
• Per capita
$11,518[8]
HDI (2019)Increase 0.779[9]
high · 74th
CurrencyEast Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Time zoneUTC−4 (AST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1-473
ISO 3166 codeGD
Internet TLD.gd
  1. Plus trace of Arawak / Carib.
Republic of Guatemala
República de Guatemala (Spanish)
Motto: 
  • "Libre Crezca Fecundo"[1] (Spanish)
    (English: "Grow Free and Fertile")
Anthem: 
Himno Nacional de Guatemala
(English: "National Anthem of Guatemala")
March:
La Granadera
(English: "The Song of the Grenadier")
Location of Guatemala (dark green) in the Western Hemisphere (grey)
Location of Guatemala (dark green)

in the Western Hemisphere (grey)

Capital
and largest city
Guatemala City
14°38′N 90°30′W / 14.633°N 90.500°W / 14.633; -90.500
Official languagesSpanish
Ethnic groups
(2018[2])
Religion
(2017)[3]
  • 11% No religion
  • 1% Other
Demonym(s)Guatemalan
Chapín
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Alejandro Giammattei
• Vice President
Guillermo Castillo
• President of the Congress
Shirley Rivera
LegislatureCongress of the Republic
Independence
• Declared
from the Spanish Empire
15 September 1821
• Declared from the
First Mexican Empire
1 July 1823
• Declared from the Federal Republic of Central America
17 April 1839
• Current constitution
31 May 1985
Area
• Total
108,889 km2 (42,042 sq mi) (105th)
• Water (%)
0.4
Population
• 2021 estimate
17,608,483 (69th)
• Density
129/km2 (334.1/sq mi) (85th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $185.8 billion[4] (77th)
• Per capita
Increase $9,931[4] (121nd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $91.3 billion[4] (70th)
• Per capita
Increase $4,880[4] (108th)
Gini (2014)48.3[5]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.627[6]
medium · 135th
CurrencyQuetzal (GTQ)
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+502
ISO 3166 codeGT
Internet TLD.gt
Republic of Guinea
République de Guinée (French)
𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫 (Pular)
Gine ka Fasojamana (Bambara)
Motto: "Travail, Justice, Solidarité" (French)
"Work, Justice, Solidarity"
Anthem: Liberté (French)
"Freedom"
Guinea in dark green
Guinea in dark green
Location of Guinea (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue)
Location of Guinea (dark blue)

– in Africa (light blue & dark grey)
– in the African Union (light blue)

Capital
and largest city
Conakry
9°31′N 13°42′W / 9.517°N 13.700°W / 9.517; -13.700
Official languagesFrench
Vernacular
languages
Ethnic groups
([1])
Religion
(2014)[2]
Demonym(s)Guinean
GovernmentUnitary republic under a military junta
• Interim President and CNRD Chairman
Mamady Doumbouya
• Prime Minister
Bernard Gomou
LegislatureNational Council of the Transition[3]
Independence 
(was the colony of French Guinea since 1891)
• from France
2 October 1958
• Republic
2 October 1958
• 4th constitution
2 October 1958
• Second Republic Day
3 April 1984
• 2021 Guinean coup d'état
5 September 2021
Area
• Total
245,857 km2 (94,926 sq mi) (77th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
13,237,832[4] (75th)
• Density
40.9/km2 (105.9/sq mi) (164th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $33.7  billion[5] (142nd)
• Per capita
Increase$2,993[5] (166th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$14.8  billion[5] (140th)
• Per capita
Increase$1,346[5] (161st)
Gini (2012)33.7[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.465[7]
low · 182nd
CurrencyGuinean franc (GNF)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+224
ISO 3166 codeGN
Internet TLD.gn
Republic of Guinea-Bissau
República da Guiné-Bissau (Portuguese)
𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫 𞤄𞤭𞤧𞤢𞥄𞤱𞤮 (Fula)
ߖߌߣߍ ߺ ߓߌߛߊߥߏ߫ (Mandinka)
Motto: 
Unidade, Luta, Progresso
"Unity, Struggle, Progress"
Anthem: 
Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada
"This is Our Beloved Homeland"
Location of Guinea-Bissau (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue)
Location of Guinea-Bissau (dark blue)

– in Africa (light blue & dark grey)
– in the African Union (light blue)

Capital
and largest city
Bissau
11°52′N 15°36′W / 11.867°N 15.600°W / 11.867; -15.600
Official languagesPortuguese
Spoken languages
Ethnic groups
(2019)[1]
Religion
(2020)[2][3][4]
Demonym(s)Bissau-Guinean[5]
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Umaro Sissoco Embaló
• Prime Minister
Nuno Gomes Nabiam
LegislatureNational People's Assembly
Independence from Portugal
• Declared
24 September 1973
• Recognized
10 September 1974
• Independence
5 July 1975
Area
• Total
36,125 km2 (13,948 sq mi) (134th)
• Water (%)
22.4
Population
• 2022 estimate
2,026,778[6] (150th)
• Density
46.9/km2 (121.5/sq mi) (154th)
GDP (PPP)2018 estimate
• Total
$3.8 billion[7]
• Per capita
$1,950[7]
GDP (nominal)2018 estimate
• Total
$1.480 billion[7]
• Per capita
$850[7]
Gini (2010)Negative increase 50.7[8]
high
HDI (2021)Steady 0.483[9]
low · 177th
CurrencyWest African CFA franc (XOF)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+245
ISO 3166 codeGW
Internet TLD.gw
Co-operative Republic of Guyana
Motto: "One People, One Nation, One Destiny"
Anthem: "Dear Land of Guyana, of Rivers and Plains"
Location of Guyana (green) in South America (grey)
Location of Guyana (green)

in South America (grey)

Capital
and largest city
Georgetown
6°48′21″N 58°9′3″W / 6.80583°N 58.15083°W / 6.80583; -58.15083
Official languagesEnglish
Recognised regional languages
10 indigenous languages
Vernacular languageGuyanese Creole
Other languages
Ethnic groups
(2012)[1]
Religion
(2012)[1]
Demonym(s)Guyanese
GovernmentUnitary assembly-independent republic[2]
• President
Irfaan Ali
• First Vice President & Prime Minister
Mark Phillips
• Vice President
Bharrat Jagdeo
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Manzoor Nadir
• Chief Justice
Roxane George-Wiltshire (acting)
LegislatureNational Assembly
Establishment
• Dutch control
1667–1815
• British Guiana
1831–1966
• Independence from the United Kingdom as Guyana
26 May 1966
• Republic
23 February 1970
• Joined CARICOM at the Treaty of Chaguaramas
1 August 1973
• Current constitution
6 October 1980
Area
• Total
214,970 km2 (83,000 sq mi) (83rd)
• Water (%)
8.4
Population
• 2022 estimate
795,408[3] (166th)
• Density
3.502/km2 (9.1/sq mi) (232nd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $48.156 billion[4] (126th)
• Per capita
Increase $60,648[4] (24th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $16.309 billion[4] (135th)
• Per capita
Increase $20,539[4] (48th)
Gini (2007)Positive decrease 44.6[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.714[6]
high · 108th
CurrencyGuyanese dollar (GYD)
Time zoneUTC-4 (AST)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+592
ISO 3166 codeGY
Internet TLD.gy
Republic of Haiti
République d'Haïti (French)
Repiblik d Ayiti (Haitian Creole)[1]
Motto: 
"Liberté, égalité, fraternité" (French)[2]
"Libète, Egalite, Fratènite" (Haitian Creole)
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Motto on traditional coat of arms:
"L'union fait la force" (French)
"Inite se fòs" (Haitian Creole)[3]
"Union makes strength"
Anthem: La Dessalinienne (French)
Desalinyèn (Haitian Creole)
"The Dessalines Song"
Location of Haiti
Capital
and largest city
Port-au-Prince
18°32′N 72°20′W / 18.533°N 72.333°W / 18.533; -72.333
Official languages
Ethnic groups
95% Black
5% Mixed and White[4]
Religion
(2020)[5]
Demonym(s)Haitian
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Ariel Henry (acting)[6][7][8]
• Prime Minister
Ariel Henry (acting)
LegislatureNational Assembly[a]
Senate[a]
Chamber of Deputies[a]
Independence 
from France
• Declared
1 January 1804
• Recognized
17 April 1825
• First Empire
22 September 1804
• Southern Republic
9 March 1806
• Northern State
17 October 1806
• Kingdom
28 March 1811
• Unification of Hispaniola
9 February 1822
• Dissolution
27 February 1844
• Second Empire
26 August 1849
• Republic
15 January 1859
• United States occupation
28 July 1915 – 1 August 1934
• Current constitution
29 March 1987
Area
• Total
27,800 km2 (10,700 sq mi) (143rd)
• Water (%)
0.7
Population
• 2022 estimate
11,334,637[9] (83rd)
• Density
382/km2 (989.4/sq mi) (32nd)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
$34.189 billion[10] (144th)
• Per capita
$2,962[10] (174th)
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
$22.431 billion[10] (139th)
• Per capita
$1,943[10] (172nd)
Gini (2012)41.1[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.535[12]
low · 163rd
CurrencyGourde (G) (HTG)
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
• Summer (DST)
UTC−4 (EDT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+509
ISO 3166 codeHT
Internet TLD.ht
Republic of Honduras
República de Honduras (Spanish)
Motto: 
  • Libre, Soberana e Independiente
  • "Free, Sovereign and Independent"
Anthem: Himno Nacional de Honduras
"National Anthem of Honduras"
Location of Honduras
Capital
and largest city
Tegucigalpa
14°6′N 87°13′W / 14.100°N 87.217°W / 14.100; -87.217
Official languagesSpanish
Ethnic groups
(2016)[1]
Religion
(2020)[2]
  • 16.2% No religion
  • 8.1% Other
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Xiomara Castro
• First Vice President
Salvador Nasralla
• President of National Congress
Luis Redondo
LegislatureNational Congress
Independence
• Declaredb from Spain
15 September 1821
• Declared from the
First Mexican Empire
1 July 1823
• Declared, as Honduras, from the Federal Republic of Central America
5 November 1838
Area
• Total
112,492 km2 (43,433 sq mi) (101st)
Population
• 2022 estimate
9,459,440[3] (95th)
• Density
85/km2 (220.1/sq mi) (128th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$69.8 billion[4] (108th)
• Per capita
Increase$6,769[4] (134th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$30.5 billion[4] (106th)
• Per capita
Increase $2,969[4] (135th)
Gini (2018)Negative increase 52.1[5]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.621[6]
medium · 137th
CurrencyLempira (HNL)
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+504
ISO 3166 codeHN
Internet TLD.hn
  1. Mixture of European and American Indian.
  2. As part of the Federal Republic of Central America.
Population estimates explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected, as of July 2007.
Hungary
Magyarország (Hungarian)
Anthem: "Himnusz" (Hungarian)[1]
(English: "Hymn")
Location of Hungary (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]
Location of Hungary (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Budapest
47°26′N 19°15′E / 47.433°N 19.250°E / 47.433; 19.250
Official languagesHungarian[2]
Ethnic groups
(microcensus 2016)
Religion
(census 2011)[4]
Demonym(s)Hungarian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Katalin Novák
• Prime Minister
Viktor Orbán
• Speaker of the National Assembly
László Kövér
LegislatureNational Assembly
Foundation
• Principality of Hungary
895[5]
• Christian Kingdom
25 December 1000[6]
• Golden Bull of 1222
24 April 1222
• Battle of Mohács
29 August 1526
• Liberation of Buda
2 September 1686
• Revolution of 1848
15 March 1848
• Austro-Hungarian Empire
30 March 1867
• Treaty of Trianon
4 June 1920
• Third Republic
23 October 1989
• Joined NATO
12 March 1999
• Joined the European Union
1 May 2004
Area
• Total
93,030[7] km2 (35,920 sq mi) (108th)
• Water (%)
3.7[8]
Population
• 2023 estimate
9,678,000[9] (92nd)
• Density
105/km2 (271.9/sq mi) (78th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $427 billion[10] (54th)
• Per capita
Increase $43,907[10] (42st)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $188 billion[10] (58th)
• Per capita
Increase $19,385[10] (57th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 28.3[11]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.846[12]
very high · 46th
CurrencyForint (HUF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatyyyy.mm.dd.
Driving sideright
Calling code+36
ISO 3166 codeHU
Internet TLD.hu[a]
  1. ^ The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
Iceland
Ísland (Icelandic)
Anthem: Lofsöngur
"Hymn"
Iceland (orthographic projection).svg
Europe-Iceland.svg
Capital
and largest city
Reykjavík
64°08′N 21°56′W / 64.133°N 21.933°W / 64.133; -21.933
Official languageIcelandic
Ethnic groups
(2021)[a][1]
Religion
(2022)[3]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Guðni Th. Jóhannesson
• Prime Minister
Katrín Jakobsdóttir
LegislatureAlþingi
Formation
• Settlement
9th century
• Commonwealth
Founding of the Althing
930–1262
• Union with Norway
Signing of the Old Covenant
1262–1397
• Kalmar Union
1397–1523
• Denmark–Norway
1523–1814
• Treaty of Kiel
Ceded to Denmark
14 January 1814
• Constitution and limited home rule
Minister for Iceland appointed
5 January 1874
• Extended home rule
1 February 1904
• Sovereignty
Danish–Icelandic Act of Union
1 December 1918
• Republic
17 June 1944
Area
• Total
102,775[4] km2 (39,682 sq mi) (106th)
• Water (%)
2.07 (as of 2015)[5]
Population
• 2022 estimate
376,248 (171st)
• 2022 census
387,800[6]
• Density
3.66/km2 (9.5/sq mi) (240th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $24.888 billion[7] (152nd)
• Per capita
Increase $66,467[7] (15th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $27.702 billion[7] (109th)
• Per capita
Increase $73,981[7] (8th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 23.2[8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.959[9]
very high · 3rd
CurrencyIcelandic króna (ISK)
Time zoneUTC[c] (GMT/WET)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+354
ISO 3166 codeIS
Internet TLD.is
Republic of India
Bhārat Gaṇarājya
(see other regional names)
Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit)
"Truth Alone Triumphs"[1]
Anthem: "Jana Gana Mana" (Hindi)[a][2][3]
"Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People"[4][2]
National song: "Vande Mataram" (Sanskrit)[c]
"I Bow to Thee, Mother"[b][1][2]
Image of a globe centred on India, with India highlighted.
Territory controlled by India shown in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled shown in light green
CapitalNew Delhi
28°36′50″N 77°12′30″E / 28.61389°N 77.20833°E / 28.61389; 77.20833
Largest city
Official languages
Recognised national languagesNone[9][10][11]
Recognised regional languages
Native languages447 languages[g]
Religion
(2011)
Demonym(s)
GovernmentFederal parliamentary constitutional republic
• President
Droupadi Murmu
• Vice President
Jagdeep Dhankhar
• Prime Minister
Narendra Modi
• Chief Justice
Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud
• Lok Sabha Speaker
Om Birla
LegislatureParliament
Rajya Sabha
Lok Sabha
Independence 
• Dominion
15 August 1947
• Republic
26 January 1950
• Last polity admitted
16 May 1975
Area
• Total
3,287,263[2] km2 (1,269,219 sq mi)[h] (7th)
• Water (%)
9.6
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 1,425,775,850[17] (1st)
• 2011 census
1,210,854,977[18][19] (2nd)
• Density
420.0/km2 (1,087.8/sq mi) (30th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $13.033 trillion[20] (3rd)
• Per capita
Increase $9,073[20] (127th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.737 trillion[20] (5th)
• Per capita
Increase $2,601[20] (138th)
Gini (2011)35.7[21][22]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.633[23]
medium · 132nd
CurrencyIndian rupee (₹) (INR)
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
DST is not observed
Date format
Driving sideleft[24]
Calling code+91
ISO 3166 codeIN
Internet TLD.in (others)
Republic of Indonesia
Republik Indonesia (Indonesian)
Motto: 
Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Old Javanese)
"Unity in Diversity"
Anthem: Indonesia Raya
"Great Indonesia"
National ideology:
Pancasila
(lit.'Five principles')
Indonesia (orthographic projection).svg
Location Indonesia ASEAN.svg
Capital
and largest city
Jakarta
6°10′S 106°49′E / 6.167°S 106.817°E / -6.167; 106.817
Official languageIndonesian
Regional languagesOver 700 languages[1]
Ethnic groups
Over 1,300 ethnic groups[2]
Religion
(2018)[3]
Demonym(s)Indonesian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Joko Widodo
• Vice President
Ma'ruf Amin
• House Speaker
Puan Maharani
• Chief Justice
Muhammad Syarifuddin
LegislaturePeople's Consultative Assembly (MPR)
Regional Representative Council (DPD)
People's Representative Council (DPR)
Independence 
from the Netherlands
• Proclaimed
17 August 1945
• Recognition
27 December 1949
Area
• Land
1,904,569[4] km2 (735,358 sq mi) (14th)
4.85
Population
• Q4 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 277,749,853[5] (4th)
• 2020 census
270,203,917[6]
• Density
143/km2 (370.4/sq mi) (90th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase US$4.398 trillion[7] (7th)
• Per capita
Increase US$15,855[7] (98th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase US$1.392 trillion[7] (16th)
• Per capita
Increase US$5,016[7] (112th)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 37.9[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.705[9]
high · 114th
CurrencyIndonesian rupiah (Rp) (IDR)
Time zoneUTC+7 to +9 (various)
Date formatDD/MM/YYYY
Driving sideleft
Calling code+62
ISO 3166 codeID
Internet TLD.id
Islamic Republic of Iran
جمهوری اسلامی ایران (Persian)
Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Irân
Motto: استقلال، آزادی، جمهوری اسلامی
Esteqlâl, Âzâdi, Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi
"Independence, freedom, the Islamic Republic"
(de facto)[1]
Anthem: سرود ملی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
Sorud-e Melli-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslâmi-ye Irân
"National Anthem of the Islamic Republic of Iran"
Location of Iran
Capital
and largest city
Tehran
35°41′N 51°25′E / 35.683°N 51.417°E / 35.683; 51.417
Official languagesPersian
Recognised regional languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
Shia Islam (official)
Demonym(s)Iranian, Persian
GovernmentUnitary theocratic Islamic republic
• Supreme Leader
Ali Khamenei
• President
Ebrahim Raisi
• Vice President
Mohammad Mokhber
• Speaker of the Parliament
Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf
• Chief Justice
Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i
LegislatureIslamic Consultative Assembly
Establishment history
• Median Empire
c. 678 BC
• Achaemenid Empire
550 BC
• Parthian Empire
247 BC
• Sasanian Empire
224 AD
• Buyid dynasty
934
• Safavid Iran
1501
• Afsharid Iran
1736
• Zand dynasty
1751
• Qajar Iran
1796
• Pahlavi Iran
15 December 1925
• Islamic Revolution
11 February 1979
• Current constitution
3 December 1979
• Latest amendment
28 July 1989
Area
• Total
1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi) (17th)
• Water (%)
1.63 (as of 2015)[4]
Population
• 2022 estimate
86,758,304[5] (17th)
• Density
48/km2 (124.3/sq mi) (162nd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
$1.692 trillion[6] (22nd)
• Per capita
$19,548[6] (80th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease$367.968 billion[6] (43rd)
• Per capita
Decrease $4,252[6] (120th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 40.9[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.783[8]
high · 70th
CurrencyIranian rial (ریال) (IRR)
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)
Date formatyyyy/mm/dd (SH)
Driving sideright
Calling code+98
ISO 3166 codeIR
Internet TLD
Republic of Iraq
  • جمهورية العراق (Arabic)
    Jumhūriīyet al-ʿIrāq
  • کۆماری عێراق (Kurdish)
    Komarî Êraq
Anthem: موطني
Mawṭinī
"My Homeland"
Location of Iraq
Capital
and largest city
Baghdad
33°20′N 44°23′E / 33.333°N 44.383°E / 33.333; 44.383
Official languages
  • Recognised regional languages
Ethnic groups
[2]
Religion
(2020)[4]
Demonym(s)Iraqi
GovernmentFederal parliamentary republic
• President
Abdul Latif Rashid
• Prime Minister
Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani
• Speaker
Mohamed al-Halbousi
• Chief Justice
Faiq Zidan
LegislatureCouncil of Representatives
Independence 
• Independence declared
3 October 1932
• Republic declared
14 July 1958
• Current constitution
15 October 2005
Area
• Total
438,317 km2 (169,235 sq mi) (58th)
• Water (%)
4.62 (as of 2015)[5]
Population
• 2023 estimate
45,318,011 [6] (35th)
• Density
82.7/km2 (214.2/sq mi) (125th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $512.926 billion[7] (48th)
• Per capita
Increase $12,141[8] (114th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $297.341 billion[8] (47th)
• Per capita
Increase $7,038 [9] (111th)
Gini (2012)29.5[10]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.686[11]
medium · 121st
CurrencyIraqi dinar (IQD)
Time zoneUTC+3 (AST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+964
ISO 3166 codeIQ
Internet TLD.iq
  1. Constitution of Iraq, Article 4 (1st)
Ireland[a]
Éire (Irish)
Anthem: 
Amhrán na bhFiann
"The Soldiers' Song"
Location of Ireland (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green)
Location of Ireland (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Dublin
53°20.65′N 6°16.05′W / 53.34417°N 6.26750°W / 53.34417; -6.26750Coordinates: 53°N 8°W / 53°N 8°W / 53; -8
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2016[2])
Religion
(2016[3])
Demonym(s)Irish
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Michael D. Higgins
• Taoiseach
Leo Varadkar
• Tánaiste
Micheál Martin
• Chief Justice
Donal O'Donnell
LegislatureOireachtas
Seanad
Dáil
Independence 
• Proclamation
24 April 1916
• Declaration
21 January 1919
• Anglo-Irish Treaty
6 December 1921
• 1922 constitution
6 December 1922
• 1937 constitution
29 December 1937
• Republic Act
18 April 1949
Area
• Total
70,273 km2 (27,133 sq mi) (118th)
• Water (%)
2.0%
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 5,123,536[4] (122nd)
• 2016 census
4,761,865[5]
• Density
71.3/km2 (184.7/sq mi) (113th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $633 billion[6] (40th)
• Per capita
Increase $124,596[6] (3rd)
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
Increase $516 billion[6] (30th)
• Per capita
Increase $101,509[6] (2nd)
Gini (2021)Positive decrease 26.9[7]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.945[8]
very high · 8th
CurrencyEuro ()[c] (EUR)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+1 (IST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+353
ISO 3166 codeIE
Internet TLD.ie[d]
  1. ^ Article 4 of the Constitution of Ireland declares that the name of the state is Ireland; Section 2 of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 declares that Republic of Ireland is "the description of the State".[9]
  2. ^ Article 8 of the Constitution states that Irish is "the national language" and "the first official language", and that English is "a second official language".
  3. ^ Prior to 2002, Ireland used the Irish pound as its circulated currency. The euro was introduced as an accounting currency in 1999.
  4. ^ The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
State of Israel
מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל‎ (Hebrew)
دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل‎ (Arabic)
Anthem: הַתִּקְוָה (Hatīkvāh; "The Hope")
Israel (orthographic projection) with occupied territories.svg
Israel - Location Map (2012) - ISR - UNOCHA.svg
Israel within internationally recognized borders shown in dark green; Israeli-occupied territories shown in light green
Capital
and largest city
Jerusalem
(limited recognition)[fn 1][fn 2]
31°47′N 35°13′E / 31.783°N 35.217°E / 31.783; 35.217
Official languageHebrew
Recognized languageArabic[fn 3]
Ethnic groups
(2022)[11]
Religion
(2022)[11]
Demonym(s)Israeli
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Isaac Herzog
• Prime Minister
Benjamin Netanyahu
• Knesset Speaker
Amir Ohana
• Chief Justice
Esther Hayut
LegislatureKnesset
Independence out of British Palestine
• Declaration
14 May 1948
• Admission to the United Nations
11 May 1949
• Basic Laws
1958–2018
Area
• Total
20,770–22,072 km2 (8,019–8,522 sq mi)[a] (149th)
• Water (%)
2.71 (as of 2015)[12]
Population
• 2023 estimate
9,714,560[13][fn 4] (91st)
• 2008 census
7,412,200[14][fn 4]
• Density
440/km2 (1,139.6/sq mi) (29th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $533.9 billion[15] (48th)
• Per capita
Increase $55,540[15] (29th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $539.2 billion[15] (29th)
• Per capita
Increase $55,535[15] (13rd)
Gini (2018)34.8[fn 4][16]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.919[17]
very high · 22nd
CurrencyNew shekel () (ILS)
Time zoneUTC+2:00 (IST)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3:00 (IDT)
Date format
  • יי-חח-שששש (AM)
  • dd-mm-yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+972
ISO 3166 codeIL
Internet TLD.il
  1. ^ 20,770 km2 is Israel within the Green Line. 22,072 km2 includes the occupied Golan Heights (c. 1,200 km2 (460 sq mi)) and East Jerusalem (c. 64 km2 (25 sq mi))
Italian Republic
Repubblica Italiana (Italian)
Anthem: "Il Canto degli Italiani"
"The Song of the Italians"
EU-Italy (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Italy.svg
Location of Italy (dark green)

– in Europe (light green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (light green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Rome
41°54′N 12°29′E / 41.900°N 12.483°E / 41.900; 12.483
Official languagesItaliana
Native languagesSee main article
Religion
(2020)[1]
Demonym(s)Italian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Sergio Mattarella
• Prime Minister
Giorgia Meloni
• President of the Senate
Ignazio La Russa
• President of the
Chamber of Deputies
Lorenzo Fontana
LegislatureParliament
Senate of the Republic
Chamber of Deputies
Formation
• Unification
17 March 1861
• Republic
2 June 1946
• Current constitution
1 January 1948
• Founded the EEC (now EU)
1 January 1958
Area
• Total
301,230 km2 (116,310 sq mi) (71st)
• Water (%)
1.24 (2015)[2]
Population
• 2022 estimate
58,853,482[3] (25th)
• Density
201.3/km2 (521.4/sq mi) (71st)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.195 trillion[4] (12th)
• Per capita
Increase $54,216[4] (32nd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.169 trillion[4] (8th)
• Per capita
Increase $36,812[4] (26th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 32.5[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.895[6]
very high · 30th
CurrencyEuro ()b (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
yyyy-mm-dd (AD)[7]
Driving sideright
Calling code+39c
ISO 3166 codeIT
Internet TLD.itd
  1. German is co-official in South Tyrol and Friuli Venezia Giulia; French is co-official in the Aosta Valley; Slovene is co-official in the province of Trieste, the province of Gorizia, and Friuli Venezia Giulia; Ladin is co-official in South Tyrol, in Trentino and in other northern areas; Friulian is co-official in Friuli Venezia Giulia; Sardinian is co-official in Sardinia.[8][9]
  2. Before 2002, the Italian lira. The euro is accepted in Campione d'Italia but its official currency is the Swiss franc.[10]
  3. To call Campione d'Italia, it is necessary to use the Swiss code +41.
  4. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
Republic of Côte d'Ivoire
République de Côte d'Ivoire (French)
Motto: ‘Union – Discipline – Travail’ (French)
'Unity – Discipline – Work'
Anthem: L'Abidjanaise
(English: "Song of Abidjan")
Côte d'Ivoire (orthographic projection).svg
CapitalYamoussoukro (political)
Abidjan (economic)
6°51′N 5°18′W / 6.850°N 5.300°W / 6.850; -5.300
Largest cityAbidjan
Official languagesFrench
Vernacular
languages
Ethnic groups
(2018)
Demonym(s)
  • Ivorian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Alassane Ouattara
• Vice President
Tiémoko Meyliet Koné
• Prime Minister
Patrick Achi
LegislatureParliament of Ivory Coast
Senate
National Assembly
History
• Republic established
4 December 1958
• Independence from France
7 August 1960
Area
• Total
322,463 km2 (124,504 sq mi) (68th)
• Water (%)
1.4[1]
Population
• 2021 census
29,389,150[2]
• Density
91.1/km2 (235.9/sq mi) (139th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $181.5  billion[3] (78th)
• Per capita
Increase $6,397[3] (138th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease$68.8  billion[3] (84th)
• Per capita
Decrease$2,418[3] (141th)
Gini (2015)Steady 41.5[4]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.550[5]
medium · 159th
CurrencyWest African CFA franc (XOF)
Time zoneUTC±00:00 (GMT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+225
ISO 3166 codeCI
Internet TLD.ci
  1. Including approximately 130,000 Lebanese and 14,000 French people.
Jamaica
Jumieka (Jamaican Patois)
Motto: "Out of Many, One People"
Anthem: "Jamaica, Land We Love"
Location of Jamaica
Capital
and largest city
Kingston
17°58′17″N 76°47′35″W / 17.97139°N 76.79306°W / 17.97139; -76.79306
Official languagesEnglish
National languageJamaican Patois (de facto)
Ethnic groups
(2011[3])
Religion
Demonym(s)Jamaican
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Patrick Allen
• Prime Minister
Andrew Holness
• House Speaker
Marisa Dalrymple-Philibert
• Senate President
Tom Tavares-Finson
• Chief Justice
Bryan Sykes
• Opposition Leader
Mark Golding
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence 
• Granted
6 August 1962
Area
• Total
10,991 km2 (4,244 sq mi) (160th)
• Water (%)
1.5
Population
• 2018 estimate
2,726,667[5] (141st)
• 2011 census
2,697,983[6]
• Density
266[7]/km2 (688.9/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$32.818 billion[8] (143th)
• Per capita
Increase$11,962[8] (134th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$16.104 billion[8] (119th)
• Per capita
Increase$5,870[8] (101st)
Gini (2016)Positive decrease 35[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.734[10]
high · 110st
CurrencyJamaican dollar (JMD)
Time zoneUTC-5
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1-876
+1-658 (Overlay of 876)
ISO 3166 codeJM
Internet TLD.jm
Japan
日本国 (Japanese)
Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku
Anthem: 
君が代
Kimigayo
"His Imperial Majesty's Reign"
Government Seal
Seal of the Office of the Prime Minister and the Government of Japan
Projection of Asia with Japan's Area colored green
Territory controlled by Japan in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled shown in light green
Capital
and largest city
Tokyo
35°41′N 139°46′E / 35.683°N 139.767°E / 35.683; 139.767
Official languagesJapanese (de facto)
Demonym(s)Japanese
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Emperor
Naruhito
• Prime Minister
Fumio Kishida
LegislatureNational Diet
House of Councillors
House of Representatives
Formation
• Imperial Dynasty established
February 11, 660 BC
• Meiji Constitution
November 29, 1890
• Current constitution
May 3, 1947
Area
• Total
377,975 km2 (145,937 sq mi)[1] (62nd)
• Water (%)
1.4 (2015)[2]
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral decrease 124,840,000[3] (11th)
• 2020 census
126,226,568[4]
• Density
330/km2 (854.7/sq mi) (44th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $6.139 trillion[5] (4th)
• Per capita
Increase $49,044[5] (36th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $4.234 trillion[5] (3rd)
• Per capita
Decrease $33,822[5] (28th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 33.4[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.925[7]
very high · 19th
CurrencyJapanese yen (¥)
Time zoneUTC+09:00 (JST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+81
ISO 3166 codeJP
Internet TLD.jp
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية (Arabic)
Al-Mamlakah Al-’Urdunniyyah Al-Hāshimiyyah
Motto: الله، الوطن، الملك
Allāh, Al-Waṭan, Al-Malik
"God, Country, King"[1]
Anthem: السلام الملكي الأردني
As-Salām Al-Malakī Al-ʾUrdunī
"The Royal Anthem of Jordan"
Location of Jordan
Capital
and largest city
Amman
31°57′N 35°56′E / 31.950°N 35.933°E / 31.950; 35.933
Official languagesArabic[2]
Ethnic groups
Religion
Demonym(s)Jordanian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Abdullah II
• Prime Minister
Bisher Khasawneh
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence 
• Emirate
11 April 1921
• Independence
25 May 1946
• Current constitution
11 January 1952
Area
• Total
89,342 km2 (34,495 sq mi) (110th)
• Water (%)
0.6
Population
• 2023 estimate
11,180,568[3] (84th)
• 2015 census
9,531,712[4]
• Density
114/km2 (295.3/sq mi) (70th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $122.180 billion[5] (93rd)
• Per capita
Increase$11,861 [5] (117th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$47.745 billion[5] (93rd)
• Per capita
Increase $4,635[5] (103rd)
Gini (2011)35.4[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.720[7]
high · 102nd
CurrencyJordanian dinar (JOD)
Time zoneUTC+3
Driving sideright
Calling code+962
ISO 3166 codeJO
Internet TLD.jo
.الاردن
Republic of Kazakhstan
  • Қазақстан Республикасы (Kazakh)
    Qazaqstan Respublikasy
  • Республика Казахстан (Russian)
    Respublika Kazakhstan
Anthem: 
Менің Қазақстаным (Kazakh)
Menıñ Qazaqstanym
"My Kazakhstan"
Location of Kazakhstan
CapitalAstana
51°10′N 71°26′E / 51.167°N 71.433°E / 51.167; 71.433
Largest cityAlmaty
43°16′39″N 76°53′45″E / 43.27750°N 76.89583°E / 43.27750; 76.89583
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2021)[1]
Religion
(2021)[1][2]
Demonym(s)Kazakhstani[a]
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Kassym-Jomart Tokayev
• Prime Minister
Älihan Smaiylov
LegislatureParliament
Senate
Majilis
Formation
• Kazakh Khanate
1465
• Alash Autonomy
13 December 1917
• Kirghiz ASSR
26 August 1920
• Kazakh ASSR
19 June 1925
• Kazakh SSR
5 December 1936
• Declaration of sovereignty
25 October 1990
• Reconstituted as the Republic of Kazakhstan
10 December 1991
• Independence from the USSR
16 December 1991
• Recognised
26 December 1991
• Current constitution
30 August 1995
Area
• Total
2,724,900 km2 (1,052,100 sq mi) (9th)
• Water (%)
1.7
Population
• 2022 estimate
19,398,331[4] (64th)
• Density
7/km2 (18.1/sq mi) (236th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $596.666 billion[5] (41st)
• Per capita
Increase $30,827[5] (53rd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $224.338 billion[5] (55th)
• Per capita
Increase $11,591[5] (69th)
Gini (2018)Negative increase 27.8[6]
low
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.811[7]
very high · 56th
CurrencyTenge (₸) (KZT)
Time zoneUTC+5 / +6 (West / East)
Date formatyyyy.dd.mm[b]
Driving sideright
Calling code+7 (6xx / 7xx)
ISO 3166 codeKZ
Internet TLD
Republic of Kenya
Jamhuri ya Kenya (Swahili)
Motto: "Harambee"
(English: "Let us all pull together")
Anthem: "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"
(English: "O God of all creation")
Kenya (orthographic projection).svg
Location Kenya AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Nairobi
1°16′S 36°48′E / 1.267°S 36.800°E / -1.267; 36.800
Official languages[1]
National languageSwahili[1]
Ethnic groups
(2019 census[2])
Religion
(2019 census[2])
Demonym(s)Kenyan
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
William Ruto
• Deputy President
Rigathi Gachagua
• Senate Speaker
Amason Kingi
• Assembly Speaker
Moses Wetangula
• Chief Justice
Martha Koome
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Independence 
• Dominion
12 December 1963
• Republic
12 December 1964
Area
• Total
580,367 km2 (224,081 sq mi)[3][4] (48th)
• Water (%)
2.3
Population
• 2022 estimate
55,864,655[5] (27th)
• 2019 census
47,564,296[6]
• Density
78/km2 (202.0/sq mi) (124th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$333.1 billion [7] (61th)
• Per capita
Increase$6,122 [7] (140th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$114.8 billion[7] (64th)
• Per capita
Increase $2,255[7] (146th)
Gini (2015)Positive decrease 40.8[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.575[9]
medium · 152nd
CurrencyKenyan shilling (KES)
Time zoneUTC+3 (East Africa Time)
Date formatdd/mm/yy (AD)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+254
ISO 3166 codeKE
Internet TLD.ke
According to the CIA, estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of mortality because of AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex, than would otherwise be expected.[10]
Republic of Kiribati
Kiribati (Gilbertese)
Motto: "Te Mauri, te Raoi ao te Tabomoa"
"Health, Peace and Prosperity"
Anthem: Kunan Kiribati
("Song of Kiribati")
Location of Kiribati
Capital
and largest city
South Tarawa on Tarawa[1][2][3][4][5]
1°28′N 173°2′E / 1.467°N 173.033°E / 1.467; 173.033
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2020)
Religion
(2020)
Demonym(s)I-Kiribati
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency
• President
Taneti Maamau
• Vice-President
Teuea Toatu
LegislatureHouse of Assembly
Independence from the United Kingdom
• Granted
12 July 1979
Area
• Total
811 km2 (313 sq mi) (172nd)
Population
• 2021 [7] estimate
121,388 (192nd)
• Density
151.9/km2 (393.4/sq mi) (55th)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$255 million
• Per capita
$2,135[8]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$187 million
• Per capita
$1,599[8]
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.624[9]
medium · 136th
CurrencyAustralian dollar ($) [10] (AUD)
Time zoneUTC+12, +13, +14
Driving sideleft
Calling code+686
ISO 3166 codeKI
Internet TLD.ki
State of Kuwait
دَوْلَةُ الْكُوَيْت (Arabic)
Dawlat al-Kuwayt
Anthem: النشيد الوطني
an-Nashīd al-Waṭani
"National Anthem"
Location of Kuwait (green)
Location of Kuwait (green)
Capital
and largest city
Kuwait City
Official languagesArabic[1]
Ethnic groups
(2018)[2]
Religion
(2013)[2]
Demonym(s)Kuwaiti
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy[3]
• Emir
Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
• Crown Prince
Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
• Prime Minister
Ahmad Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Marzouq Al-Ghanim
LegislatureNational Assembly
Establishment
• Sheikhdom of Kuwait
1613
• Independence from the Bani Khalid Emirate
1752
• Anglo-Kuwaiti Agreement
23 January 1899
• Anglo-Ottoman Convention
29 July 1913
• End of treaties with the United Kingdom
19 June 1961
• Admitted to the United Nations
14 May 1963
•  Current constitution
11 November 1962
Area
• Total
17,818 km2 (6,880 sq mi) (152nd)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
4,294,621[4] (137th)
• Density
200.2/km2 (518.5/sq mi) (62st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$248.113 billion[5] (65th)
• Per capita
Increase $51,528[5] (30th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$183.576 billion[5] (59th)
• Per capita
Increase$38,123[5] (26th)
HDI (2021)Increase 0.831[6]
very high · 50th
CurrencyKuwaiti dinar
Time zoneUTC+3 (AST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+965
ISO 3166 codeKW
Internet TLD.kw
  1. Nominal succession within the House of Sabah.
  2. Emirate
Kyrgyz Republic
  • Кыргыз Республикасы (Kyrgyz)
  • Кыргызская Республика (Russian)
Anthem: Кыргыз Республикасынын Мамлекеттик Гимни (Kyrgyz)
"National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic"
Location of Kyrgyzstan (dark green)
Location of Kyrgyzstan (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Bishkek
42°52′N 74°36′E / 42.867°N 74.600°E / 42.867; 74.600
Official languages
Official scriptCyrillic
Spoken languages
Ethnic groups
(end of 2021[2])
Religion
(2021)[3]
Demonym(s)Kyrgyz
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Sadyr Japarov
• Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers
Akylbek Japarov
• Speaker of the Supreme Council
Nurlanbek Shakiev
LegislatureSupreme Council
Formation History
• Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate[4]
693
• Kyrgyz Khanate
1470
• From Russia
27 November 1917
• Kirghiz SSR
5 December 1936
• From USSR
31 August 1991
• Full independence
26 December 1991
• Current constitution
11 April 2021
Area
• Total
199,951 km2 (77,202 sq mi) (85th)
• Water
7,198 km2 (2,779 sq mi)
• Water (%)
3.6
Population
• 2022 estimate
7,000,000[5] (112th[6])
• Density
27.4/km2 (71.0/sq mi) (109th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $37.79 billion[7] (134th)
• Per capita
Increase $5,562[7] (148th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $9.02 billion[7] (151th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,327[7] (166th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 29.0[8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.692[9]
medium · 118th
CurrencyKyrgyzstani som (c) (KGS)
Time zoneUTC+6 (KGT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+996
ISO 3166 codeKG
Internet TLD.kg
Lao People's Democratic Republic
  • ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ (Lao)
  • Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxôn Lao
République démocratique populaire Lao (French)
Motto: ສັນຕິພາບ ເອກະລາດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ເອກະພາບ ວັດທະນະຖາວອນ
Santiphap, Ekalat, Paxathipatai, Ekaphap, Vatthanathavon
"Peace, Independence, Democracy, Unity and Prosperity"
Anthem: ເພງຊາດລາວ
Pheng Xat Lao
"Hymn of the Lao People"
Laos (orthographic projection).svg
Location Laos ASEAN.svg
Location of Laos (green)

in ASEAN (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Vientiane
17°58′N 102°36′E / 17.967°N 102.600°E / 17.967; 102.600
Official languagesLao
Spoken languages
Ethnic groups
(2015[2])
Religion
Demonym(s)Lao
Laotian
GovernmentUnitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
• President and General Secretary[c]
Thongloun Sisoulith
• Vice President
Bounthong Chitmany
Pany Yathotou
• Prime Minister
Sonexay Siphandone
• President of the National Assembly
Saysomphone Phomvihane
LegislatureNational Assembly
Formation
• Kingdom of Lan Xang
1353–1707
• Kingdoms of Luang Prabang, Vientiane & Champasak
1707–1778
• Vassals of Siam
1778–1893
• French protectorate
1893–1953
• Unified Kingdom
11 May 1947
• Independence
from France
22 October 1953
• Monarchy abolished
2 December 1975
• Current constitution
14 August 1991
Area
• Total
236,800 km2 (91,400 sq mi)[5] (82nd)
• Water (%)
2
Population
• 2022 estimate
7,749,595[5] (103rd)
• Density
26.7/km2 (69.2/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $74.309 billion[6] (106th)
• Per capita
Increase $9,800[6] (125th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $14.091 billion[6] (145th)
• Per capita
Decrease $1,858[6] (152nd)
Gini (2012)36.4[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.607[8]
medium · 140th
CurrencyKip (₭) (LAK)
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+856
ISO 3166 codeLA
Internet TLD.la
Republic of Latvia
Anthem: Dievs, svētī Latviju! (Latvian)
("God Bless Latvia!")
Location of Latvia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]
Location of Latvia (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Riga
56°57′N 24°6′E / 56.950°N 24.100°E / 56.950; 24.100
Official languagesLatviana
Recognized languagesLivonian
Latgalian
Ethnic groups
(2022[1])
Religion
(2018)[2]
Demonym(s)Latvian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Egils Levits
• Prime Minister
Krišjānis Kariņš
• Speaker of the Saeima
Edvards Smiltēns
LegislatureSaeima
Independence 
from Germany and the Soviet Union
• Declared[3]
18 November 1918
• Recognised
26 January 1921
• Constitution adopted
7 November 1922
• Restored after Soviet occupation[4]
21 August 1991
• Joined the EU
1 May 2004
Area
• Total
64,589 km2 (24,938 sq mi) (122nd)
• Water (%)
2.09 (2015)[5]
Population
• 2022 estimate
1,842,226[6] (153rd)
• Density
29.6/km2 (76.7/sq mi) (147th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $72.03billion[7] (105th)
• Per capita
Increase $38,124[7] (48th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $40.588 billion[7] (100th)
• Per capita
Increase $21,482[7] (44th)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 35.7[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.863[9]
very high · 39th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+371
ISO 3166 codeLV
Internet TLD.lvc
  1. Latvian is the sole official language.[10][11] Livonian is considered an indigenous language and has special legal status.[12] Latgalian written language and Latvian Sign Language also have special legal status.[13]
  2. Latvia is de jure continuous with its declaration of 18 November 1918.
  3. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
Republic of Lebanon
الجمهورية اللبنانية (Arabic)
al-jumhūrīyah al-Lubnānīyah
Anthem: كلّنا للوطن (Arabic)
Koullouna lilouaṭaan lil oula lil alam
"All of us, for our country!"
Location of Lebanon (in green)
Location of Lebanon (in green)
Lebanon - Location Map (2012) - LBN - UNOCHA.svg
Capital
and largest city
Beirut
33°54′N 35°32′E / 33.900°N 35.533°E / 33.900; 35.533
Official languagesArabic[nb 1]
Recognised languagesFrench
Local vernacularLebanese Arabic
Ethnic groups
(2021[1])
Religion
(Estimated[nb 4])
Demonym(s)Lebanese
GovernmentUnitary confessionalist parliamentary republic[8]
• President
Vacant
• Prime Minister
Najib Mikati
• Speaker of the Parliament
Nabih Berri
LegislatureParliament
Establishment
• Mount Lebanon Emirate
1516
• Double Qaim-Maqamate of Mount Lebanon
1 December 1843
• Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
9 June 1861
• Greater Lebanon
1 September 1920
• Constitution
23 May 1926
• Independence declared
22 November 1943
• French mandate ended
24 October 1945
• Withdrawal of French forces
17 April 1946
• Israeli troops withdrawn
24 May 2000
• Syrian troops withdrawn
30 April 2005
Area
• Total
10,452 km2 (4,036 sq mi) (161st)
• Water (%)
1.8
Population
• 2022 estimate
5,296,814[9] (122nd)
• Density
560/km2 (1,450.4/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
Decrease $78.910 billion[10]
• Per capita
Decrease $11,561[10]
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
Decrease $19.008 billion[10]
• Per capita
Decrease $2,785[10]
Gini (2011)Positive decrease 31.8[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.706[12]
high · 112th
CurrencyLebanese pound (LBP)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Driving sideright[13]
Calling code+961[14]
ISO 3166 codeLB
Internet TLD.lb
Kingdom of Lesotho
Naha ea Lesotho (Sotho)
Motto: "Khotso, Pula, Nala"
"Peace, Rain, Prosperity"
Anthem: Lesōthō Fatše La Bo-Ntat'a Rōna
(English: "Lesotho, land of our Fathers")
Lesotho (orthographic projection).svg
Location Lesotho AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Maseru
29°28′S 27°56′E / 29.467°S 27.933°E / -29.467; 27.933
Official languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2020)[1]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Letsie III
• Prime Minister
Sam Matekane
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Independence from United Kingdom
• Declared
4 October 1966
Area
• Total
30,355 km2 (11,720 sq mi) (137th)
• Water (%)
0.0032%
Population
• 2021 estimate
2,281,454[2][3] (144th)
• 2004 census
2,142,249
• Density
68.1/km2 (176.4/sq mi) (138th)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
$5.762 billion[4]
• Per capita
$2,761[4]
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
$2.478 billion[4]
• Per capita
$1,187[4]
Gini (2017)Positive decrease 44.9[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.514[6]
low · 168th
CurrencyLesotho Loti (LSL)
South African rand (ZAR)
Time zoneUTC+2 (South African Standard Time)
Date formatyyyy-mm-dd
dd/mm/yyyy[a]
Driving sideleft
Calling code+266
ISO 3166 codeLS
Internet TLD.ls
  1. ^ yyyy-mm-dd in Sotho; dd/mm/yyyy in English.
Republic of Liberia
Motto: "The Love of Liberty Brought Us Here"
Anthem: "All Hail, Liberia, Hail!"
Location of Liberia (dark green)
Location of Liberia (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Monrovia
6°19′N 10°48′W / 6.317°N 10.800°W / 6.317; -10.800
Official languagesEnglish
Ethnic groups
(2008[1])
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Liberian
GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic
• President
George Weah
• Vice President
Jewel Taylor
• House Speaker
Bhofal Chambers
• Chief Justice
Sie-A-Nyene Yuoh
LegislatureLegislature of Liberia
Senate
House of Representatives
Formation and Independence from American Colonization Society
• American Colonization Society settlement
January 7, 1822
• Independence declared
July 26, 1847
• Republic of Maryland annexed
March 18, 1857
• Recognition by the United States
February 5, 1862
• United Nations membership
November 2, 1945
• Current constitution
January 6, 1986
Area
• Total
43,000[1] sq mi (111,370 km2) (102nd)
• Water (%)
13.514
Population
• 2022 estimate
5,358,483[3] (121st)
• Density
92.0/sq mi (35.5/km2) (180th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$8.84 billion[4] (167th)
• Per capita
Increase$1,667[4] (184th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$3.90 billion[4] (171st)
• Per capita
Increase$735[4] (180th)
Gini (2016)35.3[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.481[6]
low · 178th
CurrencyLiberian dollar (LRD)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatmm/dd/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+231
ISO 3166 codeLR
Internet TLD.lr
Website
www.emansion.gov.lr Executive mansion
State of Libya
  • دولة ليبيا (Arabic)
    Dawlat Lībiyā
Anthem: ليبيا ليبيا ليبيا
"Libya, Libya, Libya"
Location of Libya (dark green) in northern Africa
Location of Libya (dark green) in northern Africa
Capital
and largest city
Tripoli[1]
32°52′N 13°11′E / 32.867°N 13.183°E / 32.867; 13.183
Official languagesArabic[b]
Local vernacularLibyan Arabic
Ethnic groups
(2017)[2]
Religion
99.7% Islam (official)
0.3% Others
Demonym(s)Libyan
GovernmentUnitary provisional unity government
• Chairman of the Presidential Council
Mohamed al-Menfi
• Vice Chairman of the Presidential Council
Musa Al-Koni
• Prime Minister
Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh (disputed)[n 1]
• Speaker of the House of Representatives
Aguila Saleh Issa
LegislatureHouse of Representatives
Independence 
from Italy
• Independence declared
10 February 1947
• Kingdom established
24 December 1951
• Coup d'état by Muammar Gaddafi
1 September 1969
• Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
2 March 1977
• NATO-Backed Civil War
17 February 2011
• End of Second Libyan Civil War
23 October 2020
Area
• Total
1,759,541 km2 (679,363 sq mi) (16th)
Population
• 2022 estimate
7,054,493[3] (104th)
• 2006 census
5,670,688
• Density
3.74/km2 (9.7/sq mi) (218th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $156.742 billion[4] (92nd)
• Per capita
Increase $22,900[4] (81st)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $43.750 billion[4] (90th)
• Per capita
Increase $6,391[4] (108th)
HDI (2021)Increase 0.718[5]
high · 104th
CurrencyLibyan dinar (LYD)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
Driving sideright
Calling code+218
ISO 3166 codeLY
Internet TLD.ly
ليبيا.
  1. ^ United Nations note concerning official name: "Following the adoption by the General Assembly of resolution 66/1, the Permanent Mission of Libya to the United Nations formally notified the United Nations of a Declaration by the National Transitional Council of 3 August changing the official name of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya to "Libya" and changing Libya's national flag."
  2. ^ The official language is simply identified as "Arabic" (Constitutional Declaration, article 1).
  3. ^ The UK and France held a joint condominium over Libya through the United Nations Trusteeship Council.
Principality of Liechtenstein
Fürstentum Liechtenstein (German)
Motto: "Für Gott, Fürst und Vaterland"
"For God, Prince and Fatherland"
Anthem: 
Oben am jungen Rhein
(English: "High on the Young Rhine")
Location of Liechtenstein (green) in Europe (agate grey)  –  [Legend]
Location of Liechtenstein (green)

in Europe (agate grey)  –  [Legend]

Location of Liechtenstein
CapitalVaduz
Largest municipalitySchaan
47°10′00″N 9°30′35″E / 47.16667°N 9.50972°E / 47.16667; 9.50972
Official languagesGerman
Ethnic groups
(2017)[1]
Religion
(2015)[2]
Demonym(s)Liechtensteiner
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
under a semi-direct democracy
• Monarch
Hans-Adam II
• Regent
Alois
• Prime Minister
Daniel Risch
LegislatureLandtag
Independence as principality
• Union between
Vaduz and
Schellenberg
23 January 1719
• Treaty of Pressburg
12 July 1806
• Separation from
German Confederation
23 August 1866
Area
• Total
160 km2 (62 sq mi) (190th)
• Water (%)
2.7[3]
Population
• 2022 estimate
38,387[4] (189th)
• Density
237/km2 (613.8/sq mi) (57th)
GDP (PPP)2013 estimate
• Total
$5.3 billion[5] (149th)
• Per capita
$98,432[6][7][8] (3rd)
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
$6.872 billion[9][7][8] (147th)
• Per capita
$180,000[9][6][7][8] (1st)
HDI (2021)Increase 0.935[10]
very high · 16th
CurrencySwiss franc (CHF)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+423
ISO 3166 codeLI
Internet TLD.li
Republic of Lithuania
Lietuvos Respublika (Lithuanian)
Anthem: 
Tautiška giesmė
"National Hymn"
EU-Lithuania.svg
Lithuania in the world (W3).svg
Location of Lithuania (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Vilnius
54°41′N 25°19′E / 54.683°N 25.317°E / 54.683; 25.317
Official languagesLithuanian[1]
Ethnic groups
(2021[2])
Religion
(2021[3])
Demonym(s)Lithuanian
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic[4][5][6][7]
• President
Gitanas Nausėda
• Prime Minister
Ingrida Šimonytė
• Seimas Speaker
Viktorija Čmilytė-Nielsen
LegislatureSeimas
Formation
• First mentioned
9 March 1009
• Grand Duchy
1236
• Coronation of Mindaugas
6 July 1253
• Union with Poland
2 February 1386
• Commonwealth created
1 July 1569
• Partitioned
24 October 1795
• Independence reinstated
16 February 1918
• Independence restored
11 March 1990
• Admitted to NATO
29 March 2004
• Joined the EU
1 May 2004
Area
• Total
65,300 km2 (25,200 sq mi) (121st)
• Water (%)
1.98 (2015)[8]
Population
• 2023 estimate
Increase 2,862,380[9] (135th)
• Density
43/km2 (111.4/sq mi) (138th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $137,389 billion[10] (88th)
• Per capita
Increase $49,266[10] (39th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $78,346 billion[10] (78th)
• Per capita
Increase $28,094[10] (40th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 35.1[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.875[12]
very high · 35th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Date formatyyyy-mm-dd (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+370
ISO 3166 codeLT
Internet TLD.lta
  1. Also .eu, shared with other European Union member states.
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
  • Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish)
  • Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (French)
  • Großherzogtum Luxemburg (German)
Motto: 
"Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sinn" (Luxembourgish)
"Nous voulons rester ce que nous sommes" (French)
"Wir wollen bleiben, was wir sind" (German)
"We want to remain what we are"
Anthem: "Ons Heemecht"
("Our Homeland")
Location of Luxembourg (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark gray) – in the European Union (green)
Location of Luxembourg (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark gray)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Luxembourg[1]
49°48′52″N 06°07′54″E / 49.81444°N 6.13167°E / 49.81444; 6.13167Coordinates: 49°48′52″N 06°07′54″E / 49.81444°N 6.13167°E / 49.81444; 6.13167
Official languagesNational language:
Luxembourgish
Administrative languages:
Luxembourgish
French
German
Nationality (2017)
Religion
(2018[2])
  • 23.4% No religion
  • 3.2% Other
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Grand Duke
Henri
• Prime Minister
Xavier Bettel
• Co-Deputy Prime Ministers
LegislatureChamber of Deputies
Independence
• from the French Empire and elevation to Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
15 March 1815
• Independence in personal Union with the Netherlands (Treaty of London)
19 April 1839
• Reaffirmation of Independence Treaty of London
11 May 1867
• End of personal union with the Kingdom of the Netherlands
23 November 1890
• Occupation during World War I by the German Empire
1 August 1914
• Liberation from the Greater German Reich
1944 / 1945
• Admitted to the United Nations
24 October 1945
• Founded the EEC[a]
1 January 1958
Area
• Total
2,586.4 km2 (998.6 sq mi) (168th)
• Water (%)
0.23 (2015)[3]
Population
• January 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 660,809[4] (168th)
• 2021 census
643,941 [5]
• Density
255/km2 (660.4/sq mi) (58th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $90.532 billion[6] (98th)
• Per capita
Increase $140,694[6] (1st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $86.898 billion[6] (71st)
• Per capita
Increase $135,046[6] (3rd)
Gini (2019)Negative increase 32.3[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.930[8]
very high · 17th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Note: Although Luxembourg is located in Western European Time/UTC (Z) zone, since 1 June 1904, LMT (UTC+0:24:36) was abandoned and Central European Time/UTC+1 was adopted as standard time,[1] with a +0:35:24 offset (+1:35:24 during DST) from Luxembourg City's LMT.
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+352
ISO 3166 codeLU
Internet TLD.lub
  1. Not the same as the Het Wilhelmus of the Netherlands.
  2. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
  3. ^ "Field Listing – Distribution of family income – Gini index". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
Republic of Madagascar
  • Repoblikan'i Madagasikara (Malagasy)
  • République de Madagascar (French)
Motto: 
  • Fitiavana, Tanindrazana, Fandrosoana (Malagasy)
  • Amour, Patrie, Progrès (French)
  • "Love, Fatherland, Progress"[1]
Anthem: Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô! (Malagasy)
Ô Terre de nos ancêtres bien-aimés! (French)
"Oh, beloved land of our ancestors!"
Location of Madagascar (dark green)
Location of Madagascar (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Antananarivo
18°55′S 47°31′E / 18.917°S 47.517°E / -18.917; 47.517
Official languagesMalagasy • French
Ethnic groups
(2007)[2]
Religion
(2020)[3]
Demonym(s)Malagasy[4][5]
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Andry Rajoelina
• Prime Minister
Christian Ntsay
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Formation
• Kingdom[6]
1540
• French colony[7]
6 August 1896
• Republic proclaimed
14 October 1958
• Declaration of independence
26 June 1960
Area
• Total
587,041 km2 (226,658 sq mi) (46th)
• Water
5,501 km2 (2,124 sq mi)
• Water (%)
0.9%
Population
• 2023 estimate
28,812,195[8] (52nd)
• Density
47.7/km2 (123.5/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$51.8 billion[9] (117th)
• Per capita
Increase$1,790[9] (182nd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$15.10 billion[9] (139th)
• Per capita
Increase$522[9] (188th)
Gini (2012)Positive decrease 42.6[10]
medium
HDI (2021)Steady 0.501[11]
low · 173rd
CurrencyAriary (MGA)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (not observed[12])
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+261[12]
ISO 3166 codeMG
Internet TLD.mg
Republic of Malawi
Motto: "Unity and Freedom"
Anthem: Mlungu dalitsani Malaŵi (Chichewa)
(English: "O God Bless Our Land of Malawi")[1]
Location of Malawi (dark green) in southeast Africa
Location of Malawi (dark green) in southeast Africa
Capital
and largest city
Lilongwe
13°57′S 33°42′E / 13.950°S 33.700°E / -13.950; 33.700
Official languages
Spoken languages
Ethnic groups
(2018 census[3])
Religion
(2018 census)[4]
Demonym(s)Malawian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Lazarus Chakwera
• Vice-President
Saulos Chilima
• House Speaker
Catherine Gotani Hara
• Chief Justice
Rizine Mzikamanda
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence 
• Dominion
6 July 1964
• Republic
6 July 1966
• Current constitution
18 May 1994
Area
• Total
118,484 km2 (45,747 sq mi) (99th)
• Water (%)
20.6%
Population
• 2020 estimate
Neutral increase 20,520,419 as of Thursday, April 27, 2023[5] (62nd)
• 2018 census
17,563,749[3]
• Density
153.1/km2 (396.5/sq mi) (56th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$35.0 billion[6] (137th)
• Per capita
$1,558[6] (186th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$11.5 billion[6] (149th)
• Per capita
$523[6] (190th)
Gini (2016)Negative increase 44.7[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.512[8]
low · 169th
CurrencyMalawian kwacha (D) (MWK)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+265[9]
ISO 3166 codeMW
Internet TLD.mw[9]
* Population estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.
Malaysia
Motto: Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu[1]
برسکوتو برتمبه موتو (Jawi)
"Unity is Strength"
Anthem: Negaraku
"My Country"
Malaysia (orthographic projection).svg
Location Malaysia ASEAN.svg
Location of Malaysia (dark green)

– in Asia (dark gray & white)
– in ASEAN (dark gray)

Capital
and largest city
Kuala Lumpur[fn 1]
3°8′N 101°41′E / 3.133°N 101.683°E / 3.133; 101.683
Administrative centerPutrajaya[fn 2]
2°56′N 101°42′E / 2.933°N 101.700°E / 2.933; 101.700
Official languagesMalay[a][b][c]
Recognised languageEnglish[c]
Ethnic groups
(2021)[2] [3]
Religion
(2020)[5]
Demonym(s)Malaysian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary constitutional elective monarchy
• Monarch
Abdullah
• Prime Minister
Anwar Ibrahim
LegislatureParliament
Dewan Negara (Senate)
Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives)
Independence 
• Federation of Malaya
31 August 1957[6]
• Sarawak self-governance
22 July 1963
• North Borneo self-governance
31 August 1963[7]
• Proclamation of Malaysia
16 September 1963
Area
• Total
330,803 km2 (127,724 sq mi) (67th)
• Water (%)
0.3
Population
• Feb 2023 estimate
32,770,600[8] (46th)
• 2020 census
32,447,385[9]
• Density
98/km2 (253.8/sq mi) (116th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.096 trillion [10] (31st)
• Per capita
Increase $33,113[10] (54th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $434.059 billion[10] (36th)
• Per capita
Increase $13,108[10] (63th)
Gini (2015)Positive decrease 41[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.803[12]
very high · 62nd
CurrencyRinggit (RM) (MYR)
Time zoneUTC+8 (MST)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+60
ISO 3166 codeMY
Internet TLD.my
Republic of Maldives
  • ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގެ ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ (Dhivehi)
    Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa
Motto: الدولة المحلديبية (Arabic)
"State of the Mahal Dibiyat"
Anthem: ޤައުމީ ސަލާމް (Dhivehi)
Qaumee Salaam
"National Salute"
Location of Maldives in the Indian Ocean
Location of Maldives in the Indian Ocean
Capital
and largest city
Malé
4°10′31″N 73°30′32″E / 4.17528°N 73.50889°E / 4.17528; 73.50889
Official languagesDhivehi
Recognised languagesEnglish
Ethnic groups
(2019)
≈100% Maldivians[1][2][3]
Religion
Sunni Islam (official)
Demonym(s)Maldivian
GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic
• President
Ibrahim Mohamed Solih[4]
• Vice-President
Faisal Naseem[5]
• Speaker of the Majlis
Mohamed Nasheed[6]
• Chief Justice
Ahmed Muthasim Adnan[7]
LegislaturePeople's Majlis
Independence 
• Independence regained
26 July 1965
• Republic proclaimed
11 November 1968
• Current constitution
7 August 2008
Area
• Total
300[8] km2 (120 sq mi) (187th)
Population
• 2022 census
515,122 (382,751 maldivians)a[9]
• Density
1,102.5/km2 (2,855.5/sq mi) (8th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $14.5 billion[10]
• Per capita
Increase $36,358[10]
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $7 billion[10]
• Per capita
Increase $17,627[10]
Gini (2017)Positive decrease 31.3[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.747[12]
high · 90th
Currency
Time zoneUTC+5 (Maldives Time)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+960
ISO 3166 codeMV
Internet TLD.mv
Republic of Mali
République du Mali (French)
Motto: "Un peuple, un but, une foi" (French)
"One people, one goal, one faith"
Anthem: "Le Mali" (French)
Location of Mali (green)
Location of Mali (green)
Capital
and largest city
Bamako
12°39′N 8°0′W / 12.650°N 8.000°W / 12.650; -8.000
Official languagesFrench
Other languagesLanguages of Mali
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2021)[2]
Demonym(s)Malian
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic under a military junta[3]
• President
Assimi Goïta (interim)
• Prime Minister
Choguel Kokalla Maïga (acting)
LegislatureNational Assembly
Formation
• Establishment of the Sudanese Republic
24 November 1958
• Merger with Senegal to create the Mali Federation
4 April 1959
• Independence from France
20 June 1960
• Dissolution of the Mali Federation
20 August 1960
• Declaration of the Republic of Mali
22 September 1960
Area
• Total
1,240,192 km2 (478,841 sq mi) (23rd)
• Water (%)
1.6
Population
• 2022 estimate
21,473,764[4] (60th)
• November 2018 census
19,329,841[5]
• Density
11.7/km2 (30.3/sq mi) (215th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$56.05 billion[6] (115th)
• Per capita
Increase$2,609[6] (174th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$18.4 billion[6] (123nd)
• Per capita
Increase$858[6] (175th)
Gini (2010)33.0[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.428[8]
low · 186th
CurrencyWest African CFA franc (XOF)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright[9]
Calling code+223
ISO 3166 codeML
Internet TLD.ml
Republic of Malta
Repubblika ta' Malta (Maltese)
Motto: Virtute et constantia (Latin)
"Strength and persistence"
Anthem: L-Innu Malti (Maltese)
"The Maltese Hymn"
Location of Malta (green circle) – in Europe (light green & dark grey) – in the European Union (light green)  –  [Legend]
Location of Malta (green circle)

– in Europe (light green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (light green)  –  [Legend]

CapitalValletta
35°54′N 14°31′E / 35.900°N 14.517°E / 35.900; 14.517Coordinates: 35°54′N 14°31′E / 35.900°N 14.517°E / 35.900; 14.517
Largest administrative unitSt. Paul's Bay[1]
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2021[2])
Religion
(2021 census)[3][4]
  • 5.1% No religion
  • 3.9% Islam
  • 1.4% Hinduism
  • 1.1% Others
Demonym(s)Maltese
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
George Vella
• Prime Minister
Robert Abela
LegislatureParliament of Malta
Independence 
• State of Malta
21 September 1964
• Republic
13 December 1974
Area
• Total
316[5] km2 (122 sq mi) (186th)
• Water (%)
0.001
Population
• 2021 census
519,562[6]
• Density
1,649/km2 (4,270.9/sq mi) (5th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $29.36  billion[7] (148th)
• Per capita
Increase $56,338[7] (24th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $17.15  billion[7] (131st)
• Per capita
Increase $32,912[7] (31st)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 28.0[8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.918[9]
very high · 23rd
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (Central European Time)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (Central European Summer Time)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (AD)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+356
ISO 3166 codeMT
Internet TLD.mt[c]
  1. ^ Also Maltese Sign Language[10]
  2. ^ Maltese nationals as referred to in the 2011 census[11]
  3. ^ Also .eu, shared with other European Union member states
Republic of the Marshall Islands
Aolepān Aorōkin Ṃajeḷ (Marshallese)
Motto: "Jepilpilin ke ejukaan"
"Accomplishment through joint effort"
Anthem: "Forever Marshall Islands"
Location of the Marshall Islands
Capital
and largest city
Delap-Uliga-Djarrit on Majuro[1]
7°7′N 171°4′E / 7.117°N 171.067°E / 7.117; 171.067
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2006[2])
  • 92.1% Marshallese
  • 5.9% Mixed Marshallese
  • 2% Others
Religion
(2020)
Demonym(s)Marshallese
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency
• President
David Kabua
• Speaker
Kenneth Kedi[4]
LegislatureNitijela
Independence 
from the United States
• Self-government
May 1, 1979
• Compact of Free Association
October 21, 1986
Area
• Total
181.43 km2 (70.05 sq mi) (189th)
• Water (%)
n/a (negligible)
Population
• 2022 estimate
61,988[5] (187th)
• 2011 census
53,158[6]
• Density
293.0/km2 (758.9/sq mi) (28th)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$215 million
• Per capita
$3,789[7]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$220 million
• Per capita
$3,866[7]
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.639[8]
medium · 131st
CurrencyUnited States dollar (USD)
Time zoneUTC+12 (MHT)
Date formatMM/DD/YYYY
Driving sideright
Calling code+692
ISO 3166 codeMH
Internet TLD.mh
  1. 2005 estimate.
Islamic Republic of Mauritania
الجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية (Arabic)
al-Jumhūrīyah al-Islāmīyah al-Mūrītānīyah
Motto: شرف، إخاء، عدل
"Honour, Fraternity, Justice"
Anthem: النشيد الوطني الموريتاني
"Land of the Proud, Guided by Noblemen"
Location of Mauritania (dark green) in western Africa
Location of Mauritania (dark green) in western Africa
Capital
and largest city
Nouakchott
18°09′N 15°58′W / 18.150°N 15.967°W / 18.150; -15.967
Official languages
Spoken languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
Sunni Islam (official)
Demonym(s)Mauritanian
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential Islamic republic
• President
Mohamed Ould Ghazouani
• Prime Minister
Mohammed Ould Bilal
• President of the National Assembly
Cheikh Ahmed Baye[2]
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• Republic established
28 November 1958
• Independence from France
28 November 1960
• Current constitution
12 July 1991
Area
• Total
1,030,000 km2 (400,000 sq mi)[3] (28th)
• Water (%)
0.03
Population
• 2021 estimate
4,614,974[4][5]
• 2013 census
3,537,368[3]
• Density
3.4/km2 (8.8/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$32.908 billion[6] (146th)
• Per capita
$6,925[6] (132nd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$10.091 billion[6] (151st)
• Per capita
$2,328[6] (144th)
Gini (2014)Positive decrease 32.6[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Steady 0.556[8]
medium · 158th
CurrencyOuguiya (MRU)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+222
ISO 3166 codeMR
Internet TLD.mr
  1. According to Article 6 of the Constitution: "The national languages are Arabic, Pulaar, Soninke, and Wolof; the official language is Arabic."
Republic of Mauritius
Motto: Stella Clavisque Maris Indici (Latin)[1]
"Star and Key of the Indian Ocean"
Anthem: "Motherland"
Islands of the Republic of Mauritius (excluding Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin Island)
Islands of the Republic of Mauritius (excluding Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin Island)
Islands of the Republic of Mauritius labelled in black; Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin are claimed by Mauritius.
Islands of the Republic of Mauritius labelled in black; Chagos Archipelago and Tromelin are claimed by Mauritius.
Capital
and largest city
Port Louis
20°12′S 57°30′E / 20.2°S 57.5°E / -20.2; 57.5Coordinates: 20°12′S 57°30′E / 20.2°S 57.5°E / -20.2; 57.5
Official languagesNone (de jure)
(de facto)[2]
Lingua francaMauritian Creole
Language Spoken at Home
[3]
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2011 census)[5]
Demonym(s)Mauritian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Prithvirajsing Roopun
• Vice President
Eddy Boissézon
• Prime Minister
Pravind Jugnauth
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Sooroojdev Phokeer
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence 
from the United Kingdom
• Constitution of Mauritius
12 March 1968
• Republic
12 March 1992
Area
• Total
2,040 km2 (790 sq mi) (169th)
• Water (%)
0.07
Population
• 2019 estimate
1,265,475[6] (158th)
• 2011 census
1,237,091[7]
• Density
618.24/km2 (1,601.2/sq mi) (21st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $31.720 billion[8] (144th)
• Per capita
Increase $25,043[8] (66th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $11.263 billion[8] (150th)
• Per capita
Decrease $8,892[8] (101st)
Gini (2017)36.8[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.802[10]
very high · 64th
CurrencyMauritian rupee (MUR)
Time zoneUTC+4 (MUT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (AD)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+230
ISO 3166 codeMU
Internet TLD.mu
United Mexican States
Estados Unidos Mexicanos (Spanish)
Motto: 
La Patria Es Primero (Spanish)
("The Homeland is First")
Anthem: Himno Nacional Mexicano
("Mexican National Anthem")
Location of Mexico
Capital
and largest city
Mexico City
19°26′N 99°8′W / 19.433°N 99.133°W / 19.433; -99.133
Official languages
Recognized regional languagesSpanish and 68 Amerindian languages[a]
National languageSpanish (de facto)[b]
Ethnic groups
See below
Religion
(2022)[1]
  • 14.8% no religion
  • 6.9% other
Demonym(s)Mexican
GovernmentFederal presidential
republic[2]
• President
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
• President of the Senate
Alejandro Armenta Mier
• President of the Chamber of Deputies
Santiago Creel
• Chief Justice
Norma Lucía Piña Hernández
LegislatureCongress
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Independence 
from Spain
• Declared
16 September 1810
• Consummated
27 September 1821
• Recognized
28 December 1836
• First constitution
4 October 1824
• Second constitution
5 February 1857
• Current constitution
5 February 1917
Area
• Total
1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi) (13th)
• Water (%)
1.58 (as of 2015)[3]
Population
• 2022 estimate
129,150,971[4] (10th)
• 2020 census
126,014,024[5] (10th)
• Density
61/km2 (158.0/sq mi) (142nd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.92 trillion[6] (13th)
• Per capita
Increase $22,440[6] (69th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.42 trillion[6] (15th)
• Per capita
Increase $10,950[6] (71st)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 41.8[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.758[8]
high · 86th
CurrencyMexican peso (MXN)
Time zoneUTC−8 to −5 (See Time in Mexico)
• Summer (DST)
UTC−7 to −5 (varies)
Driving sideright
Calling code+52
ISO 3166 codeMX
Internet TLD.mx
  1. ^ Article 4 of the General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous Peoples[9][10]
  2. ^ Spanish is de facto the official language in the Mexican federal government.
Federated States of Micronesia
Motto: "Peace, Unity, Liberty"
Anthem: "Patriots of Micronesia"
Location of the Federated States of Micronesia
CapitalPalikir
6°55′N 158°11′E / 6.917°N 158.183°E / 6.917; 158.183
Largest townWeno[1]
Official languageEnglish
Recognized regional
languages
Ethnic groups
(2000)
Religion
(2016)[2]
Demonym(s)Micronesian
GovernmentFederal assembly-independent republic under a non-partisan democracy
• President
David Panuelo
• Vice President
Aren Palik
LegislatureCongress
Independence 
from the United States
• Republic proclaimed
May 10, 1979
• Compact of Free Association
November 3, 1986
Area
• Total
702 km2 (271 sq mi) (177th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2019 estimate
104,468[3] (181st)
• Density
158.1/km2 (409.5/sq mi) (75th)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$367 million
• Per capita
$3,584[4]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$383 million
• Per capita
$3,735[4]
Gini (2013)40.1[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.628[6]
medium · 134th
CurrencyUnited States dollar (Rai stones are used on multiple islands) (USD)
Time zoneUTC+10 and +11
• Summer (DST)
not observed
Date formatMM/DD/YYYY
Driving sideright
Calling code+691
ISO 3166 codeFM
Internet TLD.fm
Website
FSMGov.org
  1. Regional languages used at state and municipal levels.
Republic of Moldova
Republica Moldova (Romanian)
Anthem: Limba noastră
"Our language"
Location of Moldova in Europe (green) and its uncontrolled territory of Transnistria (light green)
Location of Moldova in Europe (green)
and its uncontrolled territory of Transnistria (light green)
Capital
and largest city
Chișinău
47°0′N 28°55′E / 47.000°N 28.917°E / 47.000; 28.917
Official language
and national language
Romanian[1][2]
Recognised minority
languages[3][4][5]
Ethnic groups
(2014; excl. Transnistria)[6]
82.07% Moldovans / Romanians[a]
6.57% Ukrainians
4.57% Gagauzes
4.06% Russians
1.88% Bulgarians
0.85% Other
Religion
(2014; excl. Transnistria)[6]
  • 0.3% Other religions
  • 5.5% No religion
  • 2.4% Unspecified
Demonym(s)Moldovan
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Maia Sandu
• Prime Minister
Dorin Recean
• President of the Parliament
Igor Grosu
LegislatureParliament
Formation
• Principality of Moldavia
1346
• Bessarabia Governorate
1812
• Moldavian Democratic Republic
15 December 1917
• Union with Romania
9 April 1918
• Moldavian ASSR
12 October 1924
• Moldavian SSR
2 August 1940
• Transnistria War
2 November 1990
• Independence from the Soviet Union
27 August 1991a
• Constitution adopted
29 July 1994
Area
• Incl. Transnistria
33,851[7] km2 (13,070 sq mi) (135th)
• Water (%)
1.4 (incl. Transnistria)
• Excl. Transnistria
30,334 km2 (11,712 sq mi) [b]
Population
• January 2022 estimate
2,603,813[9][c] (139th)
• 2014 census
2,804,801[6][c]
• Density
85.8/km2 (222.2/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $42.028 billion[10][c] (132th)
• Per capita
Increase $16,840[10] (89th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $15.829 billion[10][c] (138th)
• Per capita
Increase $6,342[10] (130th)
Gini (2019)Negative increase 26.0[11]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.767[12]
high · 80th
CurrencyMoldovan leu (MDL)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+373
ISO 3166 codeMD
Internet TLD.md
  1. Date of proclamation. Independence subsequently finalized with the dissolution of the USSR in December 1991.
Principality of Monaco
Principauté de Monaco (French)
Prinçipatu de Mu̍negu (Ligurian)
Principato di Monaco (Italian)
Motto: "Deo Juvante" (Latin)
(English: "With God's Help")
Anthem: Hymne Monégasque
(English: "Hymn of Monaco")
Location of Monaco (green) in Europe (green & dark grey)
Location of Monaco (green)

in Europe (green & dark grey)

CapitalMonaco (city-state)
43°43′52″N 07°25′12″E / 43.73111°N 7.42000°E / 43.73111; 7.42000Coordinates: 43°43′52″N 07°25′12″E / 43.73111°N 7.42000°E / 43.73111; 7.42000
Largest quarterMonte Carlo
Official languagesFrench[1]
Common languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
Demonym(s)
  • Monégasque
  • Monacan[c]
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Albert II
• Prime Minister
Pierre Dartout
LegislatureNational Council
Independence
• House of Grimaldi (under the sovereignty of the Republic of Genoa)
8 January 1297
• from the French Empire
17 May 1814
• from occupation of the Sixth Coalition
17 June 1814
• Franco-Monégasque Treaty
2 February 1861
• Constitution
5 January 1911
Area
• Total
2.02 km2 (0.78 sq mi) (194th)
• Water (%)
negligible[4]
Population
• 2019 estimate
Steady 38,300[5] (190th)
• 2016 census
37,308[6]
• Density
18,713/km2 (48,466.4/sq mi) (1st)
GDP (PPP)2015 estimate
• Total
Increase $7.672 billion (2015 est.)[7] (168th)
• Per capita
Increase $115,700 (2015 est.)[7] (3rd)
GDP (nominal)2019[b] estimate
• Total
Increase $7.424 billion[8] (159th)
• Per capita
Increase $190,513[9] (2nd)
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright[10]
Calling code+377
ISO 3166 codeMC
Internet TLD.mc
  1. ^ Government offices are located in the Monaco-Ville quarter.
  2. ^ GDP per capita calculations include non-resident workers from France and Italy.
  3. ^ Monacan is the term for residents.
Mongolia
  • ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ (Mongolian)
  • Монгол Улс (Mongolian)
Anthem: Монгол улсын төрийн дуулал
Mongol ulsyn töriin duulal
"National Anthem of Mongolia"
Mongolia (orthographic projection).svg
Capital
and largest city
Ulaanbaatar[a]
Coordinates: 48°N 106°E / 48°N 106°E / 48; 106
Official languagesMongolian
Official scripts
Ethnic groups
(2020[2])
Religion
(2020[2])
Demonym(s)Mongolian[b]
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic[3]
• President
Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
• Prime Minister
Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
• State Great Khural Chairman
Gombojavyn Zandanshatar
LegislatureState Great Khural
Formation
• Xiongnu Confederacy
209 BCE
• Mongol Empire
1206
• Completion of Qing dynasty conquest
1691
• Declaration of independence from the Qing dynasty
29 December 1911
• Mongolian People's Republic established
26 November 1924
• Current constitution
13 February 1992
Area
• Total
1,564,116 km2 (603,909 sq mi) (18th)
• Water (%)
0.67[4]
Population
• 2020 estimate
3,227,863[5] (134th)
• Density
2.07/km2 (5.4/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$47.1 billion[6] (124th)
• Per capita
Increase$13,611[6] (103rd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$15.7 billion[6] (136rd)
• Per capita
Increase$4,542[6] (115th)
Gini (2018)32.7[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.739[8]
high · 96th
CurrencyTögrög (MNT)
Time zoneUTC+7/+8[9]
Date formatyyyy.mm.dd (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+976
ISO 3166 codeMN
Internet TLD.mn, .мон
Montenegro
Anthem: 
Oj, svijetla majska zoro
(English: "Oh, Bright Dawn of May")
Location of Montenegro (green) in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]
Location of Montenegro (green)

in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Podgorica [1]
42°47′N 19°28′E / 42.783°N 19.467°E / 42.783; 19.467
Official languagesMontenegrin[2]
Languages in official use[3]
Ethnic groups
(2011[4])
Religion
(2011[4])
Demonym(s)Montenegrin
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Milo Đukanović (outgoing)
• Prime Minister
Dritan Abazović (acting)
• Speaker
Danijela Đurović (outgoing)
LegislatureSkupština
Establishment history
• Principality of Duklja
10th century
• Elevated to status of Kingdom
1077
• Lordship of Zeta / Montenegro
1356
• Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
1516
• Principality proclaimed
1852
• Independence recognised
1878
• Kingdom proclaimed
1910
• Creation of Yugoslavia
1918
• Socialist Republic within SFRY
1945
• Republic in State union with Serbia
1992
• Independence restored
2006
Area
• Total
13,812 km2 (5,333 sq mi) (156th)
• Water (%)
2.6
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral decrease 604,966[5] (169th)
• Density
45/km2 (116.5/sq mi) (133rd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
$17.191 billion[6] (149th)
• Per capita
$28,415[6] (63rd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
$6.674 billion[6] (153rd)
• Per capita
$11,030[6] (73rd)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 32.9[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.832[8]
very high · 49th
CurrencyEuro ()a (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy.
Driving sideright
Calling code+382
ISO 3166 codeME
Internet TLD.me
  1. Adopted unilaterally; Montenegro is not a member of the Eurozone.
Kingdom of Morocco
Motto: 
الله، الوطن، الملك  (Arabic)
ⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ (Standard Moroccan Tamazight)
Anthem: 
النشيد الوطني  (Arabic)
ⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ  (Standard Moroccan Tamazight)
"National Anthem"
Location of Morocco in northwest Africa Dark green: Undisputed territory of Morocco Lighter green: Western Sahara, a territory claimed and occupied mostly by Morocco as its Southern Provinces[note 1]
Location of Morocco in northwest Africa
Dark green: Undisputed territory of Morocco
Lighter green: Western Sahara, a territory claimed and occupied mostly by Morocco as its Southern Provinces[note 1]
CapitalRabat
34°02′N 6°51′W / 34.033°N 6.850°W / 34.033; -6.850
Largest cityCasablanca
33°32′N 7°35′W / 33.533°N 7.583°W / 33.533; -7.583
Official languages
Spoken languages
Foreign languages
Ethnic groups
(2012)[5]
Religion
Demonym(s)Moroccan
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy[7]
• King
Mohammed VI
• Prime Minister
Aziz Akhannouch
LegislatureParliament
House of Councillors
House of Representatives
Establishment
• Idrisid dynasty
788
• 'Alawi dynasty (current dynasty)
c. 1668
• Protectorate established
30 March 1912
• Independence
7 April 1956
Area
• Total
446,300 km2 (172,300 sq mi)
or 710,850 km2 (274,460 sq mi)[a]
(39th or 57th)
• Water (%)
0.056 (250 km2)
Population
• 2022 estimate
37,984,655[8] (39th)
• 2014 census
33,848,242[9]
• Density
50.0/km2 (129.5/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$359.671 billion[10] (55th)
• Per capita
Increase$9,808[10] (122th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$142.874 billion[10] (60th)
• Per capita
Increase$3,896[10] (123th)
Gini (2015)40.3[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.683[12]
medium · 123th
CurrencyMoroccan dirham (MAD)
Time zoneUTC+1[13]
UTC+0 (during Ramadan)[14]
Driving sideright
Calling code+212
ISO 3166 codeMA
Internet TLD.ma
المغرب.
Website
maroc.ma
  1. ^ The area 446,550 km2 (172,410 sq mi) excludes all disputed territories, while 710,850 km2 (274,460 sq mi) includes the Moroccan-claimed and partially-controlled parts of Western Sahara (claimed as the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic by the Polisario Front). Morocco also claims Ceuta and Melilla, making up about 22.8 km2 (8.8 sq mi) more claimed territory.
Republic of Mozambique
República de Moçambique (Portuguese)
Anthem: Pátria Amada (Portuguese)
"Beloved Homeland"
Mozambique (orthographic projection).svg
Location Mozambique AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Maputo
25°57′S 32°35′E / 25.950°S 32.583°E / -25.950; 32.583
Official languagesPortuguese
Recognised regional languagesMakhuwa, Sena, Tsonga, Lomwe, Changana
Ethnic groups
(2017)[1]
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Mozambican
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party semi-presidential republic[3][4][5]
• President
Filipe Nyusi
• Prime Minister
Adriano Maleiane
LegislatureAssembly of the Republic
Formation
• Independence from Portugal
25 June 1975
• Admitted to the United Nations
16 September 1975
• Mozambican Civil War
1977–1992
• Current constitution
21 December 2004
Area
• Total
801,590 km2 (309,500 sq mi) (35th)
• Water (%)
2.2
Population
• 2022 estimate
31,693,239[6] (46th)
• Density
28.7/km2 (74.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$48.0 billion[7] (121nd)
• Per capita
Increase$1,457[7] (187th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$17.8 billion[7] (128th)
• Per capita
Increase $542[7] (185th)
Gini (2014)Negative increase 54.0[8]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.446[9]
low · 185th
CurrencyMetical (MZN)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+258
ISO 3166 codeMZ
Internet TLD.mz
  1. ^ Includes Makhuwa, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, and other African ethnic groups.
  2. ^ Includes Judaism, Hinduism, and Baha’i.
Republic of the Union of Myanmar
  • ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်‌ (Burmese)
  • Pyidaunzu Thanmăda Myăma Nainngandaw
Anthem: ကမ္ဘာမကျေ
Kaba Ma Kyei
"Till the End of the World"
Myanmar (orthographic projection).svg
Location Burma (Myanmar) ASEAN.svg
Location of Myanmar (green)

in ASEAN (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

CapitalNaypyidaw[a]
19°45′N 96°6′E / 19.750°N 96.100°E / 19.750; 96.100
Largest cityYangon[b]
Official languageBurmese
Recognised regional languages[citation needed]
Ethnic groups
(2018[1][2])
Religion
Demonym(s)Burmese / Myanma[5]
GovernmentUnitary assembly-independent republic under a military junta
• President
Myint Swe (acting)
• SAC Chairman and Prime Minister
Min Aung Hlaing
• SAC Vice Chairman and Deputy Prime Minister
Soe Win[c]
LegislatureState Administration Council
Formation
• Pagan Kingdom
23 December 849
• Toungoo dynasty
16 October 1510
• Konbaung dynasty
29 February 1752
• Annexation by Britain
1 January 1886
• Independence
from the United Kingdom
4 January 1948
• 1962 coup d'état
2 March 1962
• Renamed from "Burma" to "Myanmar"
18 June 1989
• Restoration of presidency
30 March 2011
• 2021 coup d'état
1 February 2021
Area
• Total
261,227 sq mi (676,570 km2) (39th)
• Water (%)
3.06
Population
• 2022 estimate
57,526,449[7] (26th)
• Density
196.8/sq mi (76.0/km2) (125th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $278.156 billion[8] (64th)
• Per capita
Increase $5,132[8] (146nd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $63.988 billion[8] (90th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,180[8] (167th)
Gini (2017)Positive decrease 30.7[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.585[10]
medium · 149th
CurrencyKyat (K) (MMK)
Time zoneUTC+06:30 (MMT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+95
ISO 3166 codeMM
Internet TLD.mm
Republic of Namibia
Name in national languages
Motto: "Unity, Liberty, Justice"
Anthem: "Namibia, Land of the Brave"
Namibia (orthographic projection).svg
Location Namibia AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Windhoek
22°34′S 17°5′E / 22.567°S 17.083°E / -22.567; 17.083
Official languagesEnglish
Recognised national languages
Recognised regional languages
Ethnic groups
(2014)
Religion
(2013)[9]
Demonym(s)Namibian
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party semi-presidential republic[10]
• President
Hage Geingob
• Vice President
Nangolo Mbumba
• Prime Minister
Saara Kuugongelwa
• Deputy Prime Minister
Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah
• Chief Justice
Peter Shivute
LegislatureParliament
National Council
National Assembly
Independence from South Africa
• Constitution
9 February 1990
• Independence
21 March 1990
Area
• Total
825,615 km2 (318,772 sq mi) (34th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2020 estimate
2,550,226 (140th)
• 2011 census
2,113,077[11]
• Density
3.2/km2 (8.3/sq mi) (235th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $30.2 billion[12] (146th)
• Per capita
Increase $11,439[12] (116th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $13.4 billion[12] (146th)
• Per capita
Increase $5,100[12] (110th)
Gini (2015)59.1[13]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.615[14]
medium · 139th
CurrencyNamibian dollar
(NAD)
South African rand (ZAR)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+264
ISO 3166 codeNA
Internet TLD.na
Republic of Nauru
Repubrikin Naoero (Nauruan)
Motto: "God's will first"
Anthem: Nauru Bwiema
"Nauru, our homeland"
Location of Nauru
CapitalYaren (de facto) [a]
00°31′39″S 166°56′06″E / 0.52750°S 166.93500°E / -0.52750; 166.93500
Largest cityDenigomodu
Official languages
Commonly spokenEnglish [b]
Demonym(s)Nauruan
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic with an executive presidency under a non-partisan democracy[5]
• President
Russ Kun
• Speaker of the Parliament
Marcus Stephen
LegislatureParliament
Independence
• from UN trusteeship (from the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand)
31 January 1968
Area
• Total
21 km2 (8.1 sq mi) (193rd)
• Water (%)
0.57
Population
• 2020 estimate
10,834[6][7] (227th)
• 2011 census
10,084[8]
• Density
480/km2 (1,243.2/sq mi) (25th)
GDP (PPP)2021 estimate
• Total
$132 million[9] (192nd)
• Per capita
$9,995[9] (94th)
GDP (nominal)2021 estimate
• Total
$133 million[9]
• Per capita
$10,125[9]
CurrencyAustralian dollar (AUD)
Time zoneUTC+12[10]
Driving sideleft
Calling code+674
ISO 3166 codeNR
Internet TLD.nr
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल (Nepali)
Saṅghīya Lokatāntrika Gaṇatantra Nepāla
Motto: जननी जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसी (Sanskrit)
Janani Janmabhumishcha Swargadapi Gariyasi
"Mother and Motherland are Greater Than Heaven"
Anthem: सयौँ थुँगा फूलका (Nepali)
Sayaun Thunga Phulka
"Made of Hundreds of Flowers"
Nepal (orthographic projection).svg
Map of Nepal (Political and Administrative).jpg
Land controlled by Nepal shown in dark green; land claimed but uncontrolled shown in light green.
Capital
and largest city
Kathmandu[1]
28°10′N 84°15′E / 28.167°N 84.250°E / 28.167; 84.250Coordinates: 28°10′N 84°15′E / 28.167°N 84.250°E / 28.167; 84.250
Official languagesNepali[2]
Recognised national languagesAll mother-tongues[3][4]
(see Languages of Nepal)
Ethnic groups
(2011)[5]
Religion
(2011)[5]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentFederal parliamentary republic
• President
Ram Chandra Poudel
• Vice President
Ram Sahaya Yadav
• Prime Minister
Pushpa Kamal Dahal
• Chief Justice
Hari Krishna Karki[6]
LegislatureFederal Parliament
National Assembly
House of Representatives
Independence
• Unification
25 September 1768; 254 years ago (1768-09-25)[7]
• Treaty of Sugauli[8]
4 March 1816; 207 years ago (1816-03-04)
• Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923[9]
21 December 1923; 99 years ago (1923-12-21)
• Federal Republic
28 May 2008; 14 years ago (2008-05-28)
• Current constitution
20 September 2015; 7 years ago (2015-09-20)
Area
• Total
147,516 km2 (56,956 sq mi) (93rd)
• Water (%)
2.8%
Population
• 2022 estimate
30,666,598[10] (49th)
• Density
180/km2 (466.2/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $141.1 billion[11] (84th)
• Per capita
Increase $4,677[11] (150th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $39 billion (102nd)
• Per capita
Increase $1,293[11] (167th)
Gini (2010)32.8[12]
medium
HDI (2019)Increase 0.602[13]
medium · 142nd
CurrencyNepalese rupee (Rs, रू) (NPR)
Time zoneUTC+05:45 (Nepal Standard Time)
Date formatYYYY/MM/DD
Driving sideleft
Calling code+977
ISO 3166 codeNP
Internet TLD.np
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Koninkrijk der Nederlanden (Dutch)
Motto: "Je maintiendrai" (French)[a]
(English: "I will uphold")
Anthem: "Wilhelmus" (Dutch)
(English: "William of Nassau")
Location of Netherlands
Map of the four constituent countries shown to scale
Map of the four constituent countries shown to scale
Capital
and largest city
Amsterdam[b]
52°22′N 4°53′E / 52.367°N 4.883°E / 52.367; 4.883
Government seatThe Hague[b]
Official languagesDutch[c]
Official regional languages[c]
Recognised languages[c]
Demonym(s)Dutch
Countries (non‑sovereign parts)
GovernmentDevolved unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Willem-Alexander
• Prime Minister[d]
Mark Rutte
• Minister Plenipotentiary of Aruba
Guillfred Besaril
• Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao
Anthony Begina
• Minister Plenipotentiary of Sint Maarten
Rene Violenus
Independence 
from Spain and France
• Dutch Republic
26 July 1581 (declared)
30 January 1648 (recognised)
• Batavian Republic
19 January 1795
• Kingdom of Holland
5 June 1806
• Annexation by First French Empire
1 July 1810
• Kingdom of the Netherlands
16 March 1815
• Secession of Belgium
4 October 1830 (declared)
19 April 1839 (recognised)
• Charter for the Kingdom
(colonial inclusion)
15 December 1954
Area
• Total
42,531[8] km2 (16,421 sq mi) (131st)
• Water (%)
18.96
Population
• 2023 estimate
Increase 17,821,419[9] (64th)
• Density
532/km2 (1,377.9/sq mi)
Currency
Time zoneEuropean Netherlands:
CET (UTC+1)
CEST (UTC+2) (DST) Caribbean Netherlands:
AST (UTC-4)
DST not observed
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code
4 codes
  • +31      (Netherlands)
  • +297    (Aruba)
  • +599    (Curaçao / Caribbean)
  • +1 721 (Sint Maarten)
ISO 3166 codeNL
Internet TLD
5 TLDs
  • .nl  (Netherlands)[e]
  • .aw  (Aruba)
  • .cw  (Curaçao)
  • .sx  (Sint Maarten)
  • .bq  (Caribbean Netherlands)[f]
New Zealand
Aotearoa (Māori)
Anthems:
"God Defend New Zealand"
(Māori: "Aotearoa")

"God Save the King"[n 1]
A map of the hemisphere centred on New Zealand, using an orthographic projection.
Location of New Zealand, including outlying islands, its territorial claim in the Antarctic, and Tokelau
CapitalWellington
41°18′S 174°47′E / 41.300°S 174.783°E / -41.300; 174.783
Largest cityAuckland
Official languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2018)[4]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Cindy Kiro
• Prime Minister
Chris Hipkins
LegislatureParliament
(House of Representatives)
Independence 
• Treaty of Waitangi
6 February 1840
• Responsible government
7 May 1856
• Dominion
26 September 1907
• Statute of Westminster adopted
25 November 1947
Area
• Total
268,021 km2 (103,483 sq mi) (75th)
• Water (%)
1.6[n 4]
Population
• May 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 5,164,180[6] (121st)
• 2018 census
4,699,755[7]
• Density
19.1/km2 (49.5/sq mi) (167th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $261 billion[8] (63rd)
• Per capita
Increase $50,851[8] (32nd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $242 billion[8] (51st)
• Per capita
Increase $47,278[8] (23rd)
Gini (2019)Negative increase 33.9[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.937[10]
very high · 13th
CurrencyNew Zealand dollar ($) (NZD)
Time zoneUTC+12 (NZST[n 5])
• Summer (DST)
UTC+13 (NZDT[n 6])
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy[12]
Driving sideleft
Calling code+64
ISO 3166 codeNZ
Internet TLD.nz
Republic of Nicaragua
República de Nicaragua (Spanish)
Motto: En Dios confiamos (Spanish)
"In God We Trust"[a]
Anthem: Salve a ti, Nicaragua (Spanish)
"Hail to Thee, Nicaragua"
Location of Nicaragua
Capital
and largest city
Managua
12°6′N 86°14′W / 12.100°N 86.233°W / 12.100; -86.233
Official languagesSpanish
Recognised regional languages
Ethnic groups
(2011[2])
Religion
(2015)[3][4]
  • 14.7% No religion
  • 0.9% Other
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Daniel Ortega
• Vice President
Rosario Murillo
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence from Spain, Mexico and the Federal Republic of Central America
• Declared
15 September 1821
• Recognized
25 July 1850
• from the First Mexican Empire
1 July 1823
• from the Federal Republic of Central America
31 May 1838
• Revolution
19 July 1979
• Current constitution
9 January 1987[5]
Area
• Total
130,375 km2 (50,338 sq mi) (96th)
• Water (%)
7.14
Population
• 2022 estimate
6,301,880[6] (110th)
• Density
51/km2 (132.1/sq mi) (155th)
GDP (PPP)2018 estimate
• Total
$35.757 billion[7] (115th)
• Per capita
$5,683[7] (129th)
GDP (nominal)2018 estimate
• Total
$13.380 billion[7] (127th)
• Per capita
$2,126[7] (134th)
Gini (2014)46.2[8]
high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.667[9]
medium · 126th
CurrencyCórdoba (NIO)
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+505
ISO 3166 codeNI
Internet TLD.ni
Republic of the Niger
République du Niger (French)
Motto: 
  • "Fraternité, Travail, Progrès" (French)
  • "Fraternity, Work, Progress"
Anthem: La Nigérienne
(English: "The Song of Niger")
Location of Niger (dark green)
Location of Niger (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Niamey
13°32′N 2°05′E / 13.533°N 2.083°E / 13.533; 2.083
Official languagesFrench
National languages[1]
Ethnic groups
(2021)[2]
Religion
(2012)[3]
Demonym(s)Nigerien[4]
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Mohamed Bazoum
• Prime Minister
Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou
• President of the National Assembly
Seyni Oumarou
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence 
from France
• Republic proclaimed
18 December 1958
• Declared
3 August 1960
Area
• Total
1,267,000 km2 (489,000 sq mi) (21st)
• Water (%)
0.02
Population
• 2022 estimate
24,484,587[5] (56th)
• Density
12.1/km2 (31.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $29.9 billion[6] (144th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,443[7] (188th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $14.6 billion[6] (145th)
• Per capita
Increase $561[6] (185th)
Gini (2014)Negative increase 34.0[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.400[9]
low · 189th
CurrencyWest African CFA franc (XOF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Driving sideright[10]
Calling code+227
ISO 3166 codeNE
Internet TLD.ne
Federal Republic of Nigeria
  • Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya (Hausa)
  • Ọ̀hàńjíkọ̀ Ọ̀hànézè Naìjíríyà (Igbo)
  • Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìniira Àpapọ̀ Nàìjíríà (Yoruba)
Motto: "Unity and Faith, Peace and Progress"
Anthem: "Arise, O Compatriots"
Nigeria (orthographic projection).svg
Location Nigeria AU Africa.svg
CapitalAbuja
9°4′N 7°29′E / 9.067°N 7.483°E / 9.067; 7.483
Largest cityLagos
Official languagesEnglish
National languages
Regional languages[2]Over 525 languages[1]
Ethnic groups
(2018)[3]
Demonym(s)Nigerian
GovernmentFederal presidential republic
• President
Muhammadu Buhari
• Vice President
Yemi Osinbajo
• Senate President
Ahmed Lawan
• House Speaker
Femi Gbajabiamila
• Chief Justice
Olukayode Ariwoola
LegislatureNational Assembly
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence 
• Northern Nigeria Protectorate
1 January 1900
• Southern Nigeria Protectorate
1 January 1900
• Unification of Nigeria
1 January 1914
• Declared
1 October 1960
• Federation
1 October 1963
• Current constitution
29 May 1999
Area
• Total
923,769 km2 (356,669 sq mi) (31st)
• Water (%)
1.4
Population
• 2023 estimate
230,842,743[4] (6th)
• Density
218/km2 (564.6/sq mi) (42nd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.27 trillion [5] (27th)
• Per capita
Increase$5,884 [5] (141st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$504 billion[5] (31st)
• Per capita
Increase $2,326 [5] (145th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 35.1[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.535[7]
low · 163rd
CurrencyNaira (₦) (NGN)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (WAT)
Driving sideright[8]
Calling code+234
ISO 3166 codeNG
Internet TLD.ng
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
조선민주주의인민공화국 (Korean)
Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk  (MR)
Anthem: 애국가
Aegukka
"The Patriotic Song"
Territory controlled by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled in light green
Territory controlled by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled in light green
Capital
and largest city
Pyongyang
39°2′N 125°45′E / 39.033°N 125.750°E / 39.033; 125.750
Official languagesKorean (Munhwaŏ)
Official scriptChosŏn'gŭl
Religion
(2007)
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary one-party socialist republic under a totalitarian hereditary dictatorship
• WPK General Secretary and President of the State Affairs
Kim Jong Un
• Premier and SAC Vice President
Kim Tok-hun
• SPA Standing Committee Chairman and SAC First Vice President
Choe Ryong-hae
• SPA Chairman
Pak In-chol
LegislatureSupreme People's Assembly
Formation
• Soviet administration
3 October 1945
• 1st provisional govt.
8 February 1946
• 2nd provisional govt.
22 February 1947
• DPRK established
9 September 1948
• Current constitution
27 December 1972
Area
• Total
120,540 km2 (46,540 sq mi)[1] (98th)
• Water (%)
0.11
Population
• 2023 estimate
26,072,217[2] (55th)
• Density
212/km2 (549.1/sq mi) (45th)
GDP (PPP)2015 estimate
• Total
$40 billion[3]
• Per capita
$1,800[4]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$16 billion[5]
• Per capita
$640
CurrencyKorean People's won (₩) (KPW)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Pyongyang Time[6])
Date format
  • yy, yyyy년 mm월 dd일
  • yy, yyyy/mm/dd (AD–1911 / AD)
Driving sideright
Calling code+850[7]
ISO 3166 codeKP
Internet TLD.kp[8]
Republic of North Macedonia
Република Северна Македонија (Macedonian)
Republika e Maqedonisë së Veriut (Albanian)
Anthem: Денес над Македонија (Macedonian)
"Today over Macedonia"
Location of North Macedonia (green) in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]
Location of North Macedonia (green)

in Europe (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Skopje
42°0′N 21°26′E / 42.000°N 21.433°E / 42.000; 21.433
Official languages
  • Official regional languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
Demonym(s)
  • Macedonian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Stevo Pendarovski
• Prime Minister
Dimitar Kovačevski
• Chairman of the Assembly
Talat Xhaferi
LegislatureAssembly
Establishment history
• Socialist Republic of Macedonia
2 August 1944
• Independence referendum
8 September 1991
Area
• Total
25,713 km2 (9,928 sq mi) (145th)
• Water (%)
1.9
Population
• 2021 census
Decrease 1,836,713[2]
• Density
80.1/km2 (207.5/sq mi) (122nd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$49.9 billion[4] (130th)
• Per capita
Increase$19,783[4] (75th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $14.1 billion[4] (143rd)
• Per capita
Increase$6,816[4] (90th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 30.7[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.770[6]
high · 78th
CurrencyMacedonian denar (MKD)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy (AD)
Driving sideright
Calling code+389
ISO 3166 codeMK
Internet TLD
Kingdom of Norway
Other official names
Anthem: Ja, vi elsker dette landet
(English: "Yes, we love this country")
Royal anthem: Kongesangen
(English: "King's Song")
Europe-Norway (orthographic projection).svg
Europe-Norway.svg
Location of the Kingdom of Norway (green)

in Europe (green and dark grey)

Location of the Kingdom of Norway and its integral overseas territories and dependencies: Svalbard, Jan Mayen, Bouvet Island, Peter I Island, and Queen Maud Land
Capital
and largest city
Oslo
59°56′N 10°41′E / 59.933°N 10.683°E / 59.933; 10.683
Official languages
Recognised national languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2021)[9][10]
Demonym(s)Norwegian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Harald V
• Prime Minister
Jonas Gahr Støre
• President of the Storting
Masud Gharahkhani
• Chief Justice
Toril Marie Øie
LegislatureStorting
History
• State established prior unification
872
• Old Kingdom of Norway (Peak extent)
1263
• Kalmar Union
1397
• Denmark–Norway
1524
• Re-established state[11]
25 February 1814
• Constitution
17 May 1814
• Union between Sweden and Norway
4 November 1814
• Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden
7 June 1905
Area
• Total
385,207 km2 (148,729 sq mi)[12] (61stb)
• Water (%)
5.32 (2015)[13]
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 5,488,984[14] (118th)
• Density
14.3/km2 (37.0/sq mi) (213th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $425 billion [15] (52nd)
• Per capita
Increase $78,128 [15] (6th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $504 billion[15] (30th)
• Per capita
Increase $92,646 [15] (3rd)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 25.3[16]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.961[17]
very high · 2nd
CurrencyNorwegian krone (NOK)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+47
ISO 3166 codeNO
Internet TLD.nod
  1. The country has no official motto, but the oath from the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly can be regarded as the closest unofficial equivalent:
    Enige og tro inntil Dovre faller (Bokmål)
    Einige og tru inntil Dovre fell (Nynorsk)
    "United and loyal until Dovre falls"
  2. Includes the mainland, Svalbard and Jan Mayen.[12] (Without the integral territories, it is the 67th largest country at 323,802[18] square kilometres)
  3. This percentage is for the mainland, Svalbard, and Jan Mayen. This percentage counts glaciers as "land". It's calculated as 19,940.14/(365,246.17+19,940.14).[citation needed]
  4. Two more TLDs have been assigned, but are not used: .sj for Svalbard and Jan Mayen; .bv for Bouvet Island.
Sultanate of Oman
سلطنة عُمان (Arabic)
Salṭanat ʻUmān
Anthem: نشيد السلام السلطاني
"as-Salām as-Sultānī"
"Sultanic Salutation"
Location of Oman in the Arabian Peninsula (dark green)
Location of Oman in the Arabian Peninsula (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Muscat
23°35′20″N 58°24′30″E / 23.58889°N 58.40833°E / 23.58889; 58.40833
Official languagesArabic[1]
Religion
(2020)
Demonym(s)Omani
GovernmentUnitary Islamic absolute monarchy
• Sultan
Haitham bin Tariq
• Crown Prince
Theyazin bin Haitham
LegislatureCouncil of Oman
Council of State (Majlis al-Dawla)
Consultative Assembly (Majlis al-Shura)
Establishment
• The Azd tribe migration
130
• Al-Julanda
629
• Imamate established[3]
751
• Nabhani dynasty
1154
• Portuguese rule
1507–1656
• Yaruba dynasty
1624
• Al Said dynasty
1744
• Muscat and Oman
8 January 1856
• Jebel Akhdar War
1954–1959
• Dhofar Rebellion
9 June 1963 – 11 March 1976
• Sultanate of Oman
9 August 1970
• Admitted to the United Nations
7 October 1971
• Current constitution
6 January 2021[4]
Area
• Total
309,500 km2 (119,500 sq mi) (70th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2021 estimate
4,520,471[5][6] (125th)
• 2010 census
2,773,479[7]
• Density
15/km2 (38.8/sq mi) (177th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $165.947 billion[8] (78th)
• Per capita
Increase $35,286 (71st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $110.127 billion[9] (66th)
• Per capita
Increase $23,416 (55th)
Gini (2018)30.75[10]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.816[11]
very high · 54th
CurrencyOmani rial (OMR)
Time zoneUTC+4 (GST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+968
ISO 3166 codeOM
Internet TLD.om, عمان.
Islamic Republic of Pakistan
  • اسلامی جمہوریہ پاكستان (Urdu)
  • Islāmī Jumhūriyah Pākistān[1]
Motto: Īmān, Ittihād, Nazam
ایمان، اتحاد، نظم
"Faith, Unity, Discipline"[2]
Anthem: Qaumī Tarānah
قَومی ترانہ
"The National Anthem"
Land controlled by Pakistan shown in dark green; land claimed but not controlled shown in light green
Land controlled by Pakistan shown in dark green; land claimed but not controlled shown in light green
CapitalIslamabad
33°41′30″N 73°03′00″E / 33.69167°N 73.05000°E / 33.69167; 73.05000
Largest cityKarachi
24°51′36″N 67°00′36″E / 24.86000°N 67.01000°E / 24.86000; 67.01000
Official languages
Recognised national languagesUrdu[3]
Recognised regional languagesProvincial languages
Other languagesOver 77 languages[4]
Ethnic groups
(2017[a])
Religion
Demonym(s)Pakistani
GovernmentFederal Islamic parliamentary republic
• President
Arif Alvi
• Prime Minister
Shehbaz Sharif
• Chairman of the Senate
Sadiq Sanjrani
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Raja Pervaiz Ashraf
• Chief Justice
Umar Ata Bandial
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Independence 
• Declaration
23 March 1940
• Independence
14 August 1947
• Dominion status terminated
23 March 1956
• Eastern territory withdrawn
26 March 1971
• Current constitution
14 August 1973
Area
• Total
881,913 km2 (340,509 sq mi)[b][9] (33rd)
• Water (%)
2.86
Population
• 2022 estimate
242,923,845[10] (5th)
• Density
244.4/km2 (633.0/sq mi) (56th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.512 trillion[11] (23rd)
• Per capita
Increase $6,662[11] (168th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $376.493 billion[12] (42nd)
• Per capita
Increase $1,658[11] (177th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 31.6[13]
medium
HDI (2022)Increase 0.544[14]
low · 161st
CurrencyPakistani rupee (₨) (PKR)
Time zoneUTC+05:00 (PKT)
DST is not observed
Date format
Driving sideleft[15]
Calling code+92
ISO 3166 codePK
Internet TLD
Republic of Palau
Beluu er a Palau (Palauan)
Anthem: Belau rekid
"Our Palau"
Location of Palau
Location of Palau
CapitalNgerulmud
7°30′N 134°37′E / 7.500°N 134.617°E / 7.500; 134.617
Largest cityKoror
7°20′N 134°29′E / 7.333°N 134.483°E / 7.333; 134.483
Official languages
Recognized regional languages
Ethnic groups
(2015[1])
Religion
(2015)[2]
Demonym(s)Palauan
GovernmentFederal presidential republic under a non-partisan democracy
• President
Surangel Whipps Jr.
• Vice President
Uduch Sengebau Senior
LegislatureOlbiil era Kelulau
Senate
House of Delegates
Independence 
from the United States
• Trusteeship
18 July 1947
• Constitution
2 April 1979
• Establishment of the Republic of Palau
1 January 1981
• Compact of Free Association
1 October 1994
Area
• Total
459 km2 (177 sq mi) (180th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2018 estimate
18,024[3][4] (222nd)
• 2022 census
18,233
• Density
46.7/km2 (121.0/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2018 estimate
• Total
$300 million[5]
• Per capita
$16,296[5] (81st)
GDP (nominal)2018 estimate
• Total
$322 million[5]
• Per capita
$17,438[5]
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.767[6]
high · 80th
CurrencyUnited States dollar (USD)
Time zoneUTC+9 (PWT)
Date formatDD-MM-YYYY
Driving sideright
Calling code+680
ISO 3166 codePW
Internet TLD.pw
Republic of Panama
República de Panamá (Spanish)
Motto: Pro Mundi Beneficio (Latin)
"For the Benefit of the World"
Anthem: Himno Istmeño (Spanish)
"Hymn of the Isthmus"
Location of Panama
Capital
and largest city
Panama City
8°58′N 79°32′W / 8.967°N 79.533°W / 8.967; -79.533
Official languagesSpanish
Ethnic groups
(2010[1])
Religion
(2015)[2]
Demonym(s)Panamanian
GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic
• President
Laurentino Cortizo
• Vice President
Jose Gabriel Carrizo
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• from Spanish Empire
November 28, 1821
• union with Gran Colombia
December 1821
• from Republic of Colombia
November 3, 1903
• Current constitution
October 11, 1972
Area
• Total
75,417 km2 (29,119 sq mi)[3][4] (116th)
• Water (%)
2.9
Population
• 2022 estimate
4,337,768[5] (127th)
• Density
56/km2 (145.0/sq mi) (122nd)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
$178.900 billion[6]
• Per capita
$40,177[6]
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
$77.257 billion[6]
• Per capita
$17,350[6]
Gini (2017)Positive decrease 49.9[7]
high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.805[8]
very high · 61st
Currency
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
Date formatmm/dd/yyyy
dd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+507
ISO 3166 codePA
Internet TLD.pa
Independent State of Papua New Guinea
  • Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini (Tok Pisin)
  • Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini (Hiri Motu)
Motto: 'Unity in diversity'[1]
Anthem: "O Arise, All You Sons"[2]
Location of Papua New Guinea (green)
Location of Papua New Guinea (green)
Capital
and largest city
Port Moresby
09°28′44″S 147°08′58″E / 9.47889°S 147.14944°E / -9.47889; 147.14944
Official languages[3][4]
Indigenous languages
851 languages[5]
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2011 census)[6]
Demonym(s)Papua New Guinean
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary
constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Bob Dadae
• Prime Minister
James Marape
LegislatureNational Parliament
Independence 
• Papua and New Guinea Act 1949
1 July 1949
• Declared and recognised
16 September 1975
Area
• Total
462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi) (54th)
• Water (%)
2
Population
• 2020 estimate
Neutral increase 8,935,000 (98th)
• 2011 census
7,275,324[7]
• Density
15/km2 (38.8/sq mi) (201st)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$32.382 billion[8] (124th)
• Per capita
$3,764[8] (145th)
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$21.543 billion[8] (110th)
• Per capita
$2,504[8] (129th)
Gini (2009)41.9[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.558[10]
medium · 156th
CurrencyKina (PGK)
Time zoneUTC+10, +11 (PNGST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+675
ISO 3166 codePG
Internet TLD.pg
Republic of Paraguay
Motto: "Paz y justicia" (Spanish)
"Peace and justice"
Anthem: 
Himno Nacional Paraguayo (Spanish)
Location of Paraguay (dark green) in South America (grey)
Location of Paraguay (dark green)

in South America (grey)

Location of Paraguay
Capital
and largest city
Asunción
25°16′S 57°40′W / 25.267°S 57.667°W / -25.267; -57.667
Official languages[1][2]
Ethnic groups
(2019[3])
Religion
(2018)[4]
Demonym(s)Paraguayan
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Mario Abdo Benítez
• Vice President
Hugo Velázquez
LegislatureCongress
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Independence from Spain
• Declared
14 May 1811
• Recognized
25 November 1842
• Current constitution
20 June 1992
Area
• Total
406,796 km2 (157,065 sq mi) (59th)
• Water (%)
2.6
Population
• 2021 estimate
7,359,000[5] (104th)
• Density
18/km2 (46.6/sq mi) (210th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$108.4 billion[6] (94th)
• Per capita
Increase $14,528[6] (98th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $41.88 billion[6] (98th)
• Per capita
Increase$5,615[6] (104th)
Gini (2020)43.5[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.717[8]
high · 105th
CurrencyGuaraní (PYG)
Time zoneUTC–4 (PYT)
• Summer (DST)
UTC–3 (PYST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+595
ISO 3166 codePY
Internet TLD.py
  1. Mixed European and Amerindian.
Republic of Peru
República del Perú (Spanish)
Co-official names[a]
Motto: 
"Firme y feliz por la unión" (Spanish)
"Firm and Happy for the Union"
Anthem: 
"Himno Nacional del Perú" (Spanish)
"National Anthem of Peru"
March: 
"Marcha de Banderas" (Spanish)
"March of Flags"
National seal
Gran Sello de la República del Perú.svg
Gran Sello del Estado (Spanish)
Great Seal of the State
PER orthographic.svg
Capital
and largest city
Lima
12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W / -12.0433; -77.0283
Official languagesSpanish
Co-official languages
Ethnic groups
(2017[b])
Religion
(2017[c])[1]
  • 5.1% No religion
  • 0.4% Other
Demonym(s)Peruvian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic[2][3]
• President
Dina Boluarte
• First Vice President
Vacant
• Prime Minister
Alberto Otárola
• President of Congress
José Williams
LegislatureCongress of the Republic
Independence 
from Spain
• Declared
28 July 1821
• Consolidated
9 December 1824
• Recognized
14 August 1879
Area
• Total
1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi) (19th)
• Water (%)
0.41
Population
• 2023 estimate
34,352,719[4] (45th)
• Density
23/km2 (59.6/sq mi) (198th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $513.715 billion[5] (47th)
• Per capita
Increase $15,035[5] (96th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $240.346 billion[5] (52nd)
• Per capita
Increase $7,034[5] (94th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 41.5[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.762[7]
high · 84th
CurrencyPeruvian sol (PEN)
Time zoneUTC−5 (PET)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+51
ISO 3166 codePE
Internet TLD.pe
Republic of the Philippines
Republika ng Pilipinas (Filipino)
Motto: 
Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan at Makabansa[1]
"For God, People, Nature, and Country"
Anthem: "Lupang Hinirang"
"Chosen Land"
PHL orthographic.svg
Location Philippines ASEAN.svg
CapitalManila (de jure)
14°35′N 120°58′E / 14.583°N 120.967°E / 14.583; 120.967
Metro Manila[a] (de facto)
Largest cityQuezon City
14°38′N 121°02′E / 14.633°N 121.033°E / 14.633; 121.033
Official languages
Recognized regional languages
National sign language
Filipino Sign Language
Other recognized languages[b]
Ethnic groups
(2010[5])
Religion
(2015)[5]
  • 6.0% Islam
  • 5.3% other / none
Demonym(s)Filipino
(neutral)
Filipina
(feminine)

Pinoy
(colloquial neutral)
Pinay
(colloquial feminine)

Philippine
(used for certain common nouns)
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Bongbong Marcos
• Vice President
Sara Duterte
• Senate President
Migz Zubiri
• House Speaker
Martin Romualdez
• Chief Justice
Alexander Gesmundo
LegislatureCongress
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence 
from the United States
• Independence from the Spanish Empire declared
June 12, 1898
• Spanish cession to the United States
December 10, 1898
• Commonwealth status with the United States
November 15, 1935
• Independence from the United States granted
July 4, 1946
Area
• Total
300,000 km2 (120,000 sq mi)[6][7]: 15 [c] (72th)
• Water (%)
0.61[8] (inland waters)
298,170 km2 (115,120 sq mi)
Population
• 2020 census
109,035,343
• Density
336/km2 (870.2/sq mi) (37th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase US$1.289 trillion[9] (29th)
• Per capita
Increase US$11,420[9] (117th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase US$440 billion[9] (36th)
• Per capita
Increase US$3,905[9] (124th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 42.3[10]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.699[11]
medium · 116th
CurrencyPhilippine peso () (PHP)
Time zoneUTC+08:00 (PhST)
Date formatmm/dd/yyyy
Driving sideright[d]
Calling code+63
ISO 3166 codePH
Internet TLD.ph
Republic of Poland
Rzeczpospolita Polska (Polish)
Anthem: Mazurek Dąbrowskiego
"Poland Is Not Yet Lost"
EU-Poland (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Poland.svg
Location of Poland (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Warsaw
52°13′N 21°02′E / 52.217°N 21.033°E / 52.217; 21.033
Official languagePolish[1]
Ethnic groups
(2011)[2]
Religion
(2011)[3]
  • 2.4% no religion
  • 0.2% other
  • 8.7% unanswered
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Andrzej Duda
• Prime Minister
Mateusz Morawiecki
LegislatureParliament
Senate
Sejm
Formation
• Baptism of Poland[b]
14 April 966
• Kingdom of Poland
18 April 1025
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1 July 1569
• Partitions of Poland
24 October 1795
• Second Republic
11 November 1918
• Government-in-exile
17 September 1939
• People's Republic
19 February 1947
• Third Republic
31 December 1989[5]
Area
• Total
312,696 km2 (120,733 sq mi)[6] (69th)
• Water (%)
1.48 (2015)[7]
Population
• 2022 census
Neutral decrease 38,036,118[8] (38th)
• Density
122/km2 (316.0/sq mi) (98th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.637 trillion[9] (22nd)
• Per capita
Increase $43,480[9] (41st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $688 billion[9] (23rd)
• Per capita
Increase $18,280[9] (56th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 27.2[10]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.876[11]
very high · 34th
CurrencyZłoty (PLN)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+48
ISO 3166 codePL
Internet TLD.pl
Portuguese Republic
República Portuguesa (Portuguese)
Anthem: 
A Portuguesa
"The Portuguese"
EU-Portugal (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Portugal with islands circled.svg
Location of Portugal (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Lisbon
38°46′N 9°9′W / 38.767°N 9.150°W / 38.767; -9.150
Official languagesPortuguese
Recognised regional languagesMirandese[note 1]
Ethnic groups
(2021)
Religion
(2021)[4]
  • 14.1% No religion
  • 1.1% Others
Demonym(s)Portuguese
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential constitutional republic[5]
• President
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
• Prime Minister
António Costa
LegislatureAssembly of the Republic
Establishment
• First County
868
• Second County
1095
• Sovereignty
24 June 1128
• Kingdom
25 July 1139
• Treaty of Zamora
5 October 1143
• Restoration
1 December 1640
• First Constitution
23 September 1822
• Republic
5 October 1910
• Democratization
25 April 1974
• Current constitution
25 April 1976[note 3]
• EEC accession
1 January 1986
Area
• Total
92,212 km2 (35,603 sq mi)[6] (109th)
• Water (%)
1.2 (2015)[7]
Population
• 2021 estimate
Neutral increase 10,421,117[8] (89th)
• 2021 census
Neutral decrease 10,343,066[9]
• Density
112.2[10]/km2 (290.6/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $460.1 billion[11] (49th)
• Per capita
Increase $44,707[11] (42th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $267.7 billion[11] (51th)
• Per capita
Increase $26,013[11] (41th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 31.2[12]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.866[13]
very high · 38th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC (WET)
UTC−1 (Atlantic/Azores)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+1 (WEST)
UTC (Atlantic/Azores)
Note: Continental Portugal and Madeira use WET/WEST; the Azores are 1 hour behind.
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+351
ISO 3166 codePT
Internet TLD.pt
  1. ^ Mirandese, spoken in some villages of the municipality of Miranda do Douro, was officially recognized in 1999 (Lei n.° 7/99 de 29 de Janeiro),[1] awarding it an official right-of-use.[2] Portuguese Sign Language is also recognized.
  2. ^ By country of birth
  3. ^ Portuguese Constitution adopted in 1976 with several subsequent minor revisions, between 1982 and 2005.
State of Qatar
دولة قطر (Arabic)
Dawlat Qaṭar
Motto: الله الوطن الأمير
God, Nation, Emir
Anthem: السلام الأميري
As-Salām al-ʾAmīrī
"Peace to the Emir"
Location and extent of Qatar (dark green) on the Arabian Peninsula
Location and extent of Qatar (dark green) on the Arabian Peninsula
Capital
and largest city
Doha
25°18′N 51°31′E / 25.300°N 51.517°E / 25.300; 51.517
Official languagesArabic[1]
Common languagesEnglish
Ethnic groups
(2019)[3]
Religion
(2020)[4]
Demonym(s)Qatari
GovernmentUnitary authoritarian[5][6] parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
• Emir
Tamim bin Hamad
• Prime Minister
Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani
LegislatureConsultative Assembly
Establishment
• Qatar National Day
18 December 1878
• Declared independence

1 September 1971
• Independence from the United Kingdom

3 September 1971
Area
• Total
11,581 km2 (4,471 sq mi) (158th)
• Water (%)
0.8
Population
• 2020 estimate
2,795,484[7] (139th)
• 2010 census
1,699,435[8]
• Density
176/km2 (455.8/sq mi) (76th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $303.596 billion[9] (62nd)
• Per capita
Increase $113,675[9] (4th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $221.369 billion[9] (55th)
• Per capita
Increase $82,877[9] (5th)
Gini (2007)41.1[10]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.855[11]
very high · 42nd
CurrencyQatari riyal (QAR)
Time zoneUTC+3 (AST)
Driving sideright[12]
Calling code+974
ISO 3166 codeQA
Internet TLD
Republic of the Congo
Motto: "Unité, Travail, Progrès" (French)
(English: "Unity, Work, Progress")
Anthem: La Congolaise (French)
Besi Kôngo (Kongo)
(English: "The Song of Congo")
Republic of the Congo (orthographic projection).svg
Location Republic of the Congo AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Brazzaville
4°16′S 15°17′E / 4.267°S 15.283°E / -4.267; 15.283
Official languagesFrench
Recognised national languages
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Congolese
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party semi-presidential republic
• President
Denis Sassou Nguesso
• Prime Minister
Anatole Collinet Makosso
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Independence
• Republic established
28 November 1958
• from France
15 August 1960
Area
• Total
342,000 km2 (132,000 sq mi) (64th)
• Water (%)
3.3
Population
• 2022 estimate
5,546,307[3] (118th)
• Density
17/km2 (44.0/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease$23.0 billion [4] (150th)
• Per capita
Decrease$4,682 [4] (149th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$14.4 billion [4] (142nd)
• Per capita
Increase $2,945[4] (138th)
Gini (2011)40.2[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.571[6]
medium · 153rd
CurrencyCentral African CFA franc (XAF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+242
Internet TLD.cg
Romania
România (Romanian)
Anthem: "Deșteaptă-te, române!"
("Awaken thee, Romanian!")
EU-Romania (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Romania.svg
Location of Romania (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Bucharest
44°25′N 26°06′E / 44.417°N 26.100°E / 44.417; 26.100
Official languagesRomanian[1]
Recognised minority
languages[2]
Ethnic groups
Religion
  • 9.0% No religion
  • 5.8% Unanswered
  • 0.5% Others
Demonym(s)Romanian
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Klaus Iohannis
• Prime Minister
Nicolae Ciucă
LegislatureParliament
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Establishment history
• Principality of Wallachia
1330
• Principality of Moldavia
1346
• Unification
24 January 1859
• Independence from the Ottoman Empire
9 May 1877/1878
• Greater Romania
1918/1921
• Military dictatorship
1941
• Communist Romania
30 December 1947
• Joined the United Nations
14 December 1955
• Current state form
27 December 1989[4][5][6]
• Constitution adopted
8 December 1991
• Joined the European Union
1 January 2007
Area
• Total
238,397 km2 (92,046 sq mi)[7] (81st)
• Water (%)
3
Population
• 2022 census
Neutral decrease 19,053,815[3]
• Density
79.9/km2 (206.9/sq mi) (136th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $783.903 billion[8] (35th)
• Per capita
Increase $41,633[8] (48th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $348.902 billion[8] (45th)
• Per capita
Increase $18,530[8] (61st)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 34.3[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.821[10]
very high · 49th
CurrencyRomanian leu (RON)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy (AD)
Driving sideright
Calling code+40
ISO 3166 codeRO
Internet TLD.roa
  1. Also .eu, shared with other European Union member states.
Russian Federation
Российская Федерация (Russian)
Anthem: 
Государственный гимн Российской Федерации
Gosudarstvennyy gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii
"State Anthem of the Russian Federation"
Russia on the globe, with claimed territories shown in light green[a]
Russia on the globe, with claimed territories shown in light green[a]
Capital
and largest city
Moscow
55°45′21″N 37°37′02″E / 55.75583°N 37.61722°E / 55.75583; 37.61722
Official
and national language
Russian[3]
Recognised national languagesSee Languages of Russia
Ethnic groups
(2021, including Russia and Crimea)[4]
Religion
(2012)[6]
  • 38.2% no religion
  • 6.5% Islam[b]
  • 2.4% other (including Buddhism)[5]
  • 5.5% unanswered
Demonym(s)Russian
GovernmentFederal semi-presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship[7][8][9][10]
• President
Vladimir Putin
• Prime Minister
Mikhail Mishustin
• Speaker of the
Federation Council
Valentina Matviyenko
• Speaker of the
State Duma
Vyacheslav Volodin
• Chief Justice
Vyacheslav Lebedev
LegislatureFederal Assembly
Federation Council
State Duma
Formation
• Kievan Rus'
879
• Vladimir-Suzdal
1157
• Grand Duchy of
Moscow
1263
• Tsardom of Russia
16 January 1547
• Russian Empire
2 November 1721
• Monarchy abolished
15 March 1917
• Soviet Union
30 December 1922
• Declaration of State
Sovereignty
12 June 1990
• Russian Federation
12 December 1991
• Current constitution
12 December 1993
• Union State formed
8 December 1999
Area
• Total
17,098,246 km2 (6,601,670 sq mi)[11] (within internationally recognised borders) 17,234,028 km2 (6,654,095 sq mi) (including claimed territories) (1st)
• Water (%)
13[12] (including swamps)
Population
• 2022 estimate
(9th)
• Density
8.4/km2 (21.8/sq mi) (181st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Neutral increase $4.771 trillion[15]
• Per capita
Neutral increase $33,263[15]
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Neutral increase $2.215 trillion[15]
• Per capita
Neutral increase $15,444[15]
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 36.0[16]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.822[17]
very high · 52nd
CurrencyRuble () (RUB)
Time zoneUTC+2 to +12
Driving sideright
Calling code+7
ISO 3166 codeRU
Internet TLD
Republic of Rwanda
Repubulika y'u Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)
République du Rwanda (French)
Jamhuri ya Rwanda (Swahili)
Motto: "Ubumwe, Umurimo, Gukunda Igihugu"
(English: "Unity, Work, Patriotism")
(French: "Unité, Travail, Patriotisme")
(Swahili: "Umoja, Kazi, Uzalendo")
Anthem: "Rwanda Nziza"
(English: "Beautiful Rwanda")
Location of Rwanda (black) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue)
Location of Rwanda (black)

– in Africa (light blue & dark grey)
– in the African Union (light blue)

Capital
and largest city
Kigali
1°56′38″S 30°3′34″E / 1.94389°S 30.05944°E / -1.94389; 30.05944
Official languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
Demonym(s)
  • Rwandan
  • Rwandese
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic under an authoritarian government[3][4]
• President
Paul Kagame
• Prime Minister
Édouard Ngirente
LegislatureParliament
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Formation
• Kingdom of Rwanda
15th century
• Part of German East Africa
1897–1916
• Part of Ruanda-Urundi
1916–1962
• Rwandan Revolution
1959–1961
• Republic declared
1 July 1961
• Independence from Belgium
1 July 1962
• Admitted to the UN
18 September 1962
• Current constitution
26 May 2003
Area
• Total
26,338 km2 (10,169 sq mi) (144th)
• Water (%)
5.3
Population
• 2022 estimate
13,246,394 (projection)[5] (76th)
• 2022 census
13,246,394[6]
• Density
470/km2 (1,217.3/sq mi) (22nd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $37.5 billion [7] (139th)
• Per capita
Increase $2,836[7] (170th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $12.1 billion[7] (148th)
• Per capita
Increase $912[7] (172th)
Gini (2016)43.7[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.534[9]
low · 165th
CurrencyRwandan franc (RWF)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+250
ISO 3166 codeRW
Internet TLD.rw
Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
Motto: "Country Above Self"
Anthem: "O Land of Beauty!"
Location of Saint Kitts and Nevis
Capital
and largest city
Basseterre
17°18′N 62°44′W / 17.300°N 62.733°W / 17.300; -62.733
Official languagesEnglish
Vernacular languageSaint Kitts Creole
Ethnic groups
(2001)[1]
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)
  • Kittitian
  • Nevisian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary
constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Marcella Liburd
• Prime Minister
Terrance Drew
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence 
• Associated State
27 February 1967
• Independence declared
19 September 1983
Area
• Total
261 km2 (101 sq mi) (188th)
• Water (%)
Negligible
Population
• 2021 estimate
47,606[3][4] (187th)
• 2011 census
47,195
• Density
164/km2 (424.8/sq mi) (64th)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.758 billion
• Per capita
$31,095[5]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.058 billion
• Per capita
$18,714[5]
HDI (2019)Increase 0.779[6]
high · 74th
CurrencyEast Caribbean dollar (EC$) (XCD)
Time zoneUTC-4 (AST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1 869
ISO 3166 codeKN
Internet TLD.kn
  1. Or "Saint Kitts and Nevis".
Saint Lucia
Motto: "The Land, The People, The Light"
Anthem: "Sons and Daughters of Saint Lucia"
Location of Saint Lucia (circled in red) in the Caribbean
Location of Saint Lucia (circled in red)

in the Caribbean

Capital
and largest city
Castries
13°53′00″N 60°58′00″W / 13.88333°N 60.96667°W / 13.88333; -60.96667Coordinates: 13°53′00″N 60°58′00″W / 13.88333°N 60.96667°W / 13.88333; -60.96667[1]
Official languagesEnglish
Vernacular
languages
St. Lucian Creole[2]
Ethnic groups
(2010[3])
Religion
(2010)[4]
Demonym(s)Saint Lucian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Errol Charles (acting)
• Prime Minister
Philip J. Pierre
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Assembly
Independence
• Associated State
1 March 1967
• Independence from the United Kingdom
22 February 1979
Area
• Total
617 km2 (238 sq mi) (178th)
• Water (%)
1.6
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 184,961 (189th)
• 2010 census
165,595
• Density
299.4/km2 (775.4/sq mi) (29th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.399 billion[5] (182nd)
• Per capita
Increase $18,435[6] (90th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.262 billion[7] (186th)
• Per capita
Increase $12,264[8] (70th)
Gini (2016)51.2[9]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.715[10]
high · 106th
CurrencyE.C Dollar (XCD)
Time zoneUTC−4 (AST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1 758
ISO 3166 codeLC
Internet TLD.lc
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Motto: "Pax et Justitia" (Latin)
"Peace and Justice"
Anthem: "Saint Vincent, Land so Beautiful"
Location of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Capital
and largest city
Kingstown
13°10′N 61°14′W / 13.167°N 61.233°W / 13.167; -61.233
Official languagesEnglish
Vernacular languageVincentian Creole
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2020)[1]
Demonym(s)Vincentian and Grenadinian
Vincy (colloquial)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Susan Dougan
• Prime Minister
Ralph Gonsalves
LegislatureHouse of Assembly
Independence
• Associated State
27 October 1969
• from the United Kingdom
27 October 1979
Area
• Total
389 km2 (150 sq mi) (184th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2021 estimate
104,332[2][3] (179th)
• 2021 census
100,455
• Density
307/km2 (795.1/sq mi) (39th)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.373 billion
• Per capita
$12,431[4]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$864 million
• Per capita
$7,827[4]
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.751[5]
high · 89th
CurrencyE.C dollar (XCD)
Time zoneUTC-4 (AST)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1 784
ISO 3166 codeVC
Internet TLD.vc
Independent State of Samoa
Malo Saʻoloto Tutoʻatasi o Sāmoa (Samoan)
Motto: Faʻavae i le Atua Sāmoa
"Samoa is founded on God"
Anthem: O Le Fuʻa o le Saʻolotoga o Samoa
"The Banner of Freedom"
Location of Samoa
Location of Samoa
Map of Samoa
Map of Samoa
Capital
and largest city
Apia
13°50′00″S 171°45′44″W / 13.83333°S 171.76222°W / -13.83333; -171.76222
Official languagesSamoan • English
Ethnic groups
(2001)
Religion
(2021)
Demonym(s)Samoan
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• O le Ao o le Malo
Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi IIa
• Prime Minister
Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa
• Assembly Speaker
Papali’i Li’o Taeu Masipau
LegislatureLegislative Assembly
Independence 
• Treaty of Berlin
14 June 1889
• Tripartite Convention
16 February 1900
• Colonisation by Germany
1 March 1900
• Occupied by New Zealand
30 August 1914
• League mandate
17 December 1920
• UN trusteeship
13 December 1946
• Western Samoa Act 1961
1 January 1962
• Admitted to the United Nations
15 December 1976
• Name change from Western Samoa to Samoa
4 July 1997
Area
• Total
2,831[4] km2 (1,093 sq mi) (167th)
• Water (%)
0.3
Population
• November 2021 census
205,557[5] (176th)
• Density
70/km2 (181.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2018 estimate
• Total
$1.188 billion[6]
• Per capita
$5,962[6]
GDP (nominal)2018 estimate
• Total
$881 million[6]
• Per capita
$4,420[6]
Gini (2013)Steady 38.7[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.707[8]
high · 111th
CurrencyTālā (WS$b) (WST)
Time zoneUTC+13c (WST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleftd
Calling code+685
ISO 3166 codeWS
Internet TLD.ws
  1. Head of State.
  2. Symbols SAT, ST or T are in use as well. The terms Tālā and Sene are translations of the English words Dollar and Cent in the Samoan language.
  3. Since 31 December 2011.[9]
  4. Since 7 September 2009.[10] Although driving is on the left side of the roadway centre line, Samoa allows cars with steering wheels on either the left or the right side of the vehicle to use the roads.
Republic of San Marino[1][2]
Motto: 
Libertas
"Freedom"
Anthem: Inno Nazionale della Repubblica
"National Anthem of the Republic"
Location of San Marino in Europe
Location of San Marino (green)

in Europe (agate grey)  –  [Legend]

CapitalSan Marino
43°56′N 12°26′E / 43.933°N 12.433°E / 43.933; 12.433Coordinates: 43°56′N 12°26′E / 43.933°N 12.433°E / 43.933; 12.433
Largest settlementDogana
43°58′53″N 12°29′22″E / 43.98139°N 12.48944°E / 43.98139; 12.48944
Official languagesItalian[3]
Other languagesRomagnol
Religion
Christianity (Catholicism)
Demonym(s)Sammarinese
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary diarchic directorial republic
• Captains Regent
• Secretary for Foreign and Political Affairs
Luca Beccari
LegislatureGrand and General Council
Independence
• From the Roman Empire
3 September 301 (traditional)
• Constitution
  • 8 October 1600
    (statutes)
  • 12 July 1978
    (Declaration of Citizen Rights)
Area
• Total
61.2 km2 (23.6 sq mi)[1] (191st)
• Water (%)
0
Population
• 2021 estimate
33,600[4] (191st)
• Density
520/km2 (1,346.8/sq mi) (23rd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.45 billion[5] (194th)
• Per capita
Increase $72,070 [5] (10th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.62 billion[5] (192nd)
• Per capita
Increase $47,700[5] (20th)
HDI (2021)Increase 0.853[6]
very high · 44th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+01 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+02 (CEST)
Driving sideright
Calling code+378 (+39 0549 calling via Italy)
ISO 3166 codeSM
Internet TLD.sm
Sources: [1][7]
Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe
República Democrática de
São Tomé e Príncipe
 (Portuguese)
Motto: "Unidade, Disciplina, Trabalho" (Portuguese)
"Unity, Discipline, Labour"
Anthem: Independência total
Total Independence
Location of São Tomé and Príncipe (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue)
Location of São Tomé and Príncipe (dark blue)

– in Africa (light blue & dark grey)
– in the African Union (light blue)

Capital
and largest city
São Tomé
0°20′N 6°44′E / 0.333°N 6.733°E / 0.333; 6.733
Official languagesPortuguese
Recognised languagesSpanish
Recognised regional languages
Religion
(2020)[1]
Demonym(s)
  • São Toméan (Sao Tomean)[2]
  • Santomean
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic[3]
• President
Carlos Vila Nova
• Prime Minister
Patrice Trovoada
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• from Portugal
12 July 1975
Area
• Total
964[4] km2 (372 sq mi) (171st)
• Water (%)
Negligible
Population
• 2021 estimate
223,107[5][6] (186th)
• 2012 census
178,739
• Density
199.7/km2 (517.2/sq mi) (69th)
GDP (PPP)2017 estimate
• Total
$685 million[7]
• Per capita
$3,220[7]
GDP (nominal)2017 estimate
• Total
$355 million[7]
• Per capita
$1,668[7]
Gini (2017)Negative increase 56.3[8]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.618[9]
medium · 138th
CurrencyDobra (STN)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+239
ISO 3166 codeST
Internet TLD.st
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
المملكة العربية السعودية (Arabic)
Al-Mamlakah al-ʿArabīyah as-Saʿūdīyah
Motto: لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله
"Lā ʾilāha ʾillā Llāh, Muḥammadur rasūlu Llāh"
"There is no god but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God."[1][b] (Shahada)
Anthem: ٱلنَّشِيْد ٱلْوَطَنِي ٱلسُّعُوْدِي
"an-Našīd al-Waṭanīy as-Saʿūdī"
"National Anthem of Saudi Arabia"
Location of Saudi Arabia
Location of Saudi Arabia
Capital
and largest city
Riyadh
24°39′N 46°46′E / 24.650°N 46.767°E / 24.650; 46.767
Official languagesArabic[5][6]
Ethnic groups
(2014)[7][c]
90% Arab
10% Afro-Arab
Religion
(2010)[9]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary Islamic absolute monarchy
• King
Salman
• Crown Prince and Prime Minister
Mohammed bin Salman
Legislaturenone[d]
Establishment
• Emirate of Diriyah
1727
• Emirate of Nejd
1824
• Emirate of Riyadh
13 January 1902
• Unification
23 September 1932
• Admitted to the United Nations
24 October 1945
• Current constitution
31 January 1992
Area
• Total
2,149,690[5] km2 (830,000 sq mi) (12th)
• Water (%)
0.7
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 38,401,000[12] (40th)
• Density
15/km2 (38.8/sq mi) (174th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.300 trillion[13] (17th)
• Per capita
Increase $67,019[14] (27th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.061 trillion[15] (18th)
• Per capita
Increase $29,922[16] (43th)
Gini (2013)45.9[17]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.875[18]
very high · 35th
CurrencySaudi riyal (SR) (SAR)
Time zoneUTC+3 (AST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (AH)
Driving sideright
Calling code+966
ISO 3166 codeSA
Internet TLD
Republic of Senegal
République du Sénégal (French)
Motto: "Un Peuple, Un But, Une Foi" (French)
"One People, One Goal, One Faith"
Anthem: 
"Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons"
"Everyone, strum your koras, strike the balafons"
Location of Senegal (dark green)
Location of Senegal (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Dakar
14°40′N 17°25′W / 14.667°N 17.417°W / 14.667; -17.417
Official languagesFrench
Lingua franca
List:
National languages
Ethnic groups
(2019)[4]
Religion
(2020)[5]
Demonym(s)Senegalese
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic[6]
• President
Macky Sall
• Prime Minister
Amadou Ba
• President of the National Assembly
Amadou Mame Diop
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• Republic established
25 November 1958
• from France[d]
4 April 1960
• Withdrawal from
the Mali Federation
20 August 1960
• from France[e]
20 June 1960
• as Senegal
22 September 1960
• dissolution of the Senegambia Confederation
30 September 1989
Area
• Total
196,712 km2 (75,951 sq mi) (86th)
• Water (%)
2.1
Population
• 2021 estimate
17,196,308[7] (72nd)
• 2016 census
16,624,000[8] (73rd)
• Density
68.7/km2 (177.9/sq mi) (134th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$72.703 billion[9] (106th)
• Per capita
Increase $4,113[9] (156th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$27.542 billion[9][10] (111th)
• Per capita
Increase$1,558[9] (157th)
Gini (2011)40.3[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.511[12]
low · 170th
CurrencyWest African CFA franc (XOF)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatmm/dd/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+221
ISO 3166 codeSN
Internet TLD.sn
Republic of Serbia
Република Србија (Serbian)
Republika Srbija (Serbian)
Anthem: Боже правде
Bože pravde
(English: "God of Justice")
Serbia (orthographic projection).svg
Europe-Serbia.svg
Location of Serbia (green) and the disputed territory of Kosovo[a] (light green) in Europe (dark grey)
Capital
and largest city
Belgrade
44°48′N 20°28′E / 44.800°N 20.467°E / 44.800; 20.467
Official languagesSerbian[b]
Ethnic groups
(2011)
Religion
(2011)
  • 3.1% Islam
  • 1.1% no religion
  • 5.2% other / unanswered
  • (excluding Kosovo)[a]
Demonym(s)Serbian
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Aleksandar Vučić
• Prime Minister
Ana Brnabić
• President of the National Assembly
Vladimir Orlić
LegislatureNational Assembly
Establishment history
• Principality
780
• Kingdom
1217
• Empire
1346
• Ottoman conquest
1459–1556
• Serbian Revolution
1804–1835
• Independence recognized
1878
• Kingdom of Serbia
1882
• Yugoslavia
1918
• Serbia and Montenegro
1992
• Independence restored
2006
Area
• Including Kosovo[a]
88,499 km2 (34,170 sq mi) (111th)
• Excluding Kosovo[a]
77,474 km2 (29,913 sq mi)[1]
Population
• 2022 census
Neutral decrease 6,647,003 (excluding Kosovo)[2] (107th)
• Density
85.8/km2 (222.2/sq mi) (130th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $164.8 billion (excluding Kosovo)[a][3] (80th)
• Per capita
Increase $23,534 (excluding Kosovo)[a] [3] (68th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $62.7  billion (excluding Kosovo)[a][3] (88th)
• Per capita
Increase $10,147 (excluding Kosovo)[a][3] (80th)
Gini (2019)Positive decrease 33.3[4]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.802[5]
very high · 63rd
CurrencySerbian dinar (RSD)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+381
ISO 3166 codeRS
Internet TLD
Republic of Seychelles
[1]
Motto: "Finis Coronat Opus" (Latin)
"The End Crowns the Work"
Anthem: Koste Seselwa
Join together all Seychellois
Location of Seychelles (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) – in the African Union (light blue)
Location of Seychelles (dark blue)

– in Africa (light blue & dark grey)
– in the African Union (light blue)

Capital
and largest city
Victoria
4°37′S 55°27′E / 4.617°S 55.450°E / -4.617; 55.450
Official languages
Ethnic groups
[citation needed]
Religion
Demonym(s)
  • Seychellois
  • Seychelloise
  • Seselwa (Creole)
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Wavel Ramkalawan
• Vice-President
Ahmed Afif
LegislatureLasanble Nasyonal
Independence 
• Independence declared
29 June 1976
Area
• Total
459 km2 (177 sq mi) (181st)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
100,447 (182nd)
• Density
214.5/km2 (555.6/sq mi) (67th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.725 billion[3] (190th)
• Per capita
Increase$37,661[3] (60th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.005 billion[3] (187th)
• Per capita
Increase $20,266[3] (48th)
Gini (2018)32.1[4]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.785[5]
high · 72nd
CurrencySeychellois rupee (SCR)
Time zoneUTC+4 (SCT)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+248
ISO 3166 codeSC
Internet TLD.sc
Republic of Sierra Leone
Motto: "Unity, Freedom, Justice"
Anthem: "High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free"
Location of Sierra Leone (dark green)
Location of Sierra Leone (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Freetown
08°30′00″N 12°06′00″W / 8.50000°N 12.10000°W / 8.50000; -12.10000Coordinates: 08°30′00″N 12°06′00″W / 8.50000°N 12.10000°W / 8.50000; -12.10000
Official languagesEnglish
Ethnic groups
(2015[1])
Religion
(2020)[2]
Islam (78.5%)
Christianity (20.4%)
Others (1.1%)
Demonym(s)Sierra Leonean
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Julius Maada Bio
• Vice-President
Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh
• Chief Minister
Jacob Jusu Saffa[3]
• Speaker of Parliament
Abass Chernor Bundu
LegislatureParliament
Independence 
• Dominion
27 April 1961
• Republic
19 April 1971
Area
• Total
71,740 km2 (27,700 sq mi) (117th)
• Water (%)
1.1
Population
• 2022 estimate
8,692,606[4] (100th)
• Density
112/km2 (290.1/sq mi) (114tha)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease$16.4  billion [5] (152nd)
• Per capita
Decrease$1,972[5] (185th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$4.1  billion[5] (170th)
• Per capita
Increase$494[5] (193th)
Gini (2018)35.7[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.477[7]
low · 181st
CurrencyLeone (SLL)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+232
ISO 3166 codeSL
Internet TLD.sl
  1. Rank based on 2007 figure
Republic of Singapore
  • Republik Singapura (Malay)
  • 新加坡共和国 (Mandarin Chinese)
  • சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு (Tamil)
Motto: Majulah Singapura (Malay)
"Onward Singapore"
Anthem: Majulah Singapura (Malay)
"Onward Singapore"
Location of Singapore
Official languages
National languageMalay
Ethnic groups
(2020)[a]
Religion
(2020)[b]
Demonym(s)Singaporean
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party parliamentary republic
• President
Halimah Yacob
• Prime Minister
Lee Hsien Loong
LegislatureParliament
Independence 
• Self-governance
3 June 1959
• Malaysia Agreement
16 September 1963
• Proclamation of Singapore
9 August 1965
Area
• Total
733.1 km2 (283.1 sq mi)[2] (176th)
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral decrease 5,637,000[c] (115th)
• Density
7,804/km2 (20,212.3/sq mi) (3rd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $701.804 billion[4] (38th)
• Per capita
Increase $131,580[4] (2nd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $424.431 billion[4] (37th)
• Per capita
Increase $79,576[4] (7th)
Gini (2017)Steady 45.9[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.939[6]
very high · 12th
CurrencySingapore dollar (S$) (SGD)
Time zoneUTC+8 (Singapore Standard Time)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+65
ISO 3166 codeSG
Internet TLD.sg
Slovak Republic
Slovenská republika (Slovak)
Anthem: Nad Tatrou sa blýska (Slovak)
(English: "Lightning over the Tatras")
National seal
Statna pecat Slovenskej republiky.png
EU-Slovakia.svg
Location of Slovakia (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Bratislava
48°09′N 17°07′E / 48.150°N 17.117°E / 48.150; 17.117
Official languagesSlovak
Ethnic groups
(2021)[1]
Religion
(2021)[2]
  • 23.8% No religion
  • 0.9% Others
  • 6.5% Unspecified
Demonym(s)Slovak
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Zuzana Čaputová
• Prime Minister
Eduard Heger
• Speaker of the National Council
Boris Kollár
LegislatureNational Council
Establishment history
• Independence from
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
(First Czechoslovak Republic)
28 October 1918
• Second Czechoslovak Republic
30 September 1938
• Autonomous Land of Slovakia (within Second Czechoslovak Republic)
23 November 1938
• First Slovak Republic
14 March 1939
• Third Czechoslovak Republic
24 October 1945
• Fourth Czechoslovak Republic
1948
• Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
11 July 1960
• Slovak Socialist Republic (within Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, change of unitary Czechoslovak state into a federation)
1 January 1969
• Slovak Republic (change of name within established Czech and Slovak Federative Republic)
1 March 1990
• Dissolution of
Czechoslovakia
1 January 1993
Area
• Total
49,035 km2 (18,933 sq mi) (127th)
• Water (%)
0.72 (2015)[3]
Population
• 2022 census
Neutral increase 5,460,185[4] (117th)
• Density
111/km2 (287.5/sq mi) (88th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $211.119 billion[5] (70th)
• Per capita
Increase $38,320[5] (44th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $118.434 billion[5] (62nd)
• Per capita
Increase $21,665[5] (47th)
Gini (2019)Negative increase 22.8[6]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.848[7]
very high · 45th
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatd. m. yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+421
ISO 3166 codeSK
Internet TLD.sk and .eu
Republic of Slovenia
Republika Slovenija (Slovene)
Anthem: Zdravljica
(English: "A Toast")
Location of Slovenia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green)
Location of Slovenia (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Ljubljana
46°03′N 14°30′E / 46.050°N 14.500°E / 46.050; 14.500
Official languagesSlovene[i]
Recognised regional languages
Ethnic groups
(2002[1][2])
Religion
(2018)[3]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Nataša Pirc Musar
• Prime Minister
Robert Golob
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Urška Klakočar Zupančič
LegislatureParliament
National Council
National Assembly
Establishment
• State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
29 October 1918
• Kingdom of
Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
1 December 1918
• Slovene National Liberation Committee
19 February 1944
• Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
29 July 1944
• Independence from
Yugoslavia
25 June 1991[4]
• Brioni Agreement
signed
7 July 1991
• Current constitution
adopted
23 December 1991
• Admitted to the United Nations
22 May 1992
• Joined the
European Union
1 May 2004
Area
• Total
20,271 km2 (7,827 sq mi) (150th)
• Water (%)
0.7[5]
Population
• 2021 estimate
Neutral increase 2,110,547[6] (147th)
• 2002 census
1,964,036
• Density
103[6]/km2 (266.8/sq mi) (106th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
$111 billion[7] (93rd)
• Per capita
$52,640[7] (34th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
$68 billion[7] (80th)
• Per capita
$32,214[7] (36th)
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 23.5[8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.918[9]
very high · 23rd
CurrencyEuro () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd. mm. yyyy (AD)
Driving sideright
Calling code+386
ISO 3166 codeSI
Internet TLD.si[ii]
  1. ^ Hungarian and Italian are co-official in some municipalities.
  2. ^ Also .eu, shared with other European Union member states.
Solomon Islands
Motto: "To Lead is to Serve"
Anthem: "God Save Our Solomon Islands"[1]
Location of Solomon Islands
Capital
and largest city
Honiara
9°25′55″S 159°57′20″E / 9.43194°S 159.95556°E / -9.43194; 159.95556
Official languagesEnglish
Ethnic groups
(2009 census)
Religion
(2016)[2]
Demonym(s)Solomon Islander
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Sir David Vunagi
• Prime Minister
Manasseh Sogavare
LegislatureNational Parliament
Independence
• from the United Kingdom
7 July 1978
Area
• Total
28,400 km2 (11,000 sq mi) (139th)
• Water (%)
3.2%
Population
• 2021 estimate
707,851[3][4] (167th)
• Density
18.1/km2 (46.9/sq mi) (200th)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.479 billion[5]
• Per capita
$2,307[5]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$1.511 billion[5]
• Per capita
$2,357[5]
Gini (2013)Steady 37.1[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.564[7]
medium · 155th
CurrencySolomon Islands dollar (SBD)
Time zoneUTC+11
Driving sideleft
Calling code+677
ISO 3166 codeSB
Internet TLD.sb
Federal Republic of Somalia
Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya (Somali)
جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية (Arabic)
Jumhūriyah aṣ-Ṣūmāl al-Fīdirāliyah
Anthem: Qolobaa Calankeed
علم أي امة
"Every nation has its own flag"
Somalia (orthographic projection).svg
Capital
and largest city
Mogadishu
2°2′N 45°21′E / 2.033°N 45.350°E / 2.033; 45.350
Official languagesSomali, Arabic[1]
Ethnic groups
(2021)[1][2]
Religion
Sunni Islam (official)[1]
Demonym(s)Somali[1]
GovernmentFederal parliamentary republic
• President
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
• Prime Minister
Hamza Abdi Barre
LegislatureFederal Parliament
Independence 
from Italy and the United Kingdom
• British Somaliland
1887
• Italian Somaliland
1889
• Independence and union with the State of Somaliland
1 July 1960
• Admitted to the United Nations
20 September 1960
• Current constitution
1 August 2012
Area
• Total
637,657[1] km2 (246,201 sq mi) (43rd)
Population
• 2022 estimate
17,066,000[3] (78th)
• Density
27.2[3]/km2 (70.4/sq mi) (199th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
US$20.641 billion (155th)
• Per capita
US$1,322[4] (222nd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
US$7.62 billion[5] (184th)
• Per capita
US$544[6] (211th)
HDI (2021)Steady 0.361[a]
low · 192nd
CurrencySomali shilling (SOS)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+252
ISO 3166 codeSO
Internet TLD.so
Republic of South Africa
10 other official names[1]
  • Zulu:iRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika
    Xhosa:iRiphabhlikhi yoMzantsi Afrika
    Afrikaans:Republiek van Suid-Afrika
    Pedi:Repabliki ya Afrika-Borwa
    Southern Sotho:Rephaboliki ya Afrika Borwa
    Tswana:Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa
    Tsonga:Riphabliki ya Afrika Dzonga
    Swati:iRiphabhulikhi yaseNingizimu-Afrika
    Venda:Riphabuḽiki ya Afurika Tshipembe
    Southern Ndebele:iRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika
Motto: "ǃke e: ǀxarra ǁke" (ǀXam)
"Unity in diversity"
Anthem: "National anthem of South Africa"
ZAF orthographic.svg
South Africa adm location map.svg
Capital
Largest cityJohannesburg[3]
Official languages11 languages[1]
Ethnic groups
(2019[5])
Religion
(2016)[6]
  • 10.9% No religion
  • 4.4% Traditional faiths
  • 1.6% Islam
  • 1.0% Hinduism
  • 2.7% Others
  • 1.4% Undetermined
Demonym(s)South African
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party parliamentary republic with an executive presidency
• President
Cyril Ramaphosa
• Deputy President
Paul Mashatile
• Chairperson of the National Council
Amos Masondo
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula
• Chief Justice
Raymond Zondo
LegislatureParliament
National Council
National Assembly
Independence 
• Union
31 May 1910
• Statute of Westminster
11 December 1931
• Republic
31 May 1961
• Democratisation
27 April 1994
Area
• Total
1,221,037 km2 (471,445 sq mi) (24th)
• Water (%)
0.380
Population
• 2022 estimate
60 604 992 (2022 est.)[7] (24th)
• 2011 census
51,770,560[8]: 18 
• Density
42.4/km2 (109.8/sq mi) (169th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $990 billion[9] (33rd)
• Per capita
Increase $16,090[9] (97th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $400 billion[9] (39th)
• Per capita
Decrease $6,485[9] (96th)
Gini (2014)Positive decrease 63.0[10]
very high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.713[11]
high · 109th
CurrencySouth African rand (ZAR)
Time zoneUTC+2 (SAST)
Date formatShort formats:
Driving sideleft
Calling code+27
ISO 3166 codeZA
Internet TLD.za
Republic of Korea
대한민국 (Korean)
Daehan Minguk (RR)
Anthem: 애국가
Aegukga
"The Patriotic Song"
National seal
Seal of South Korea.svg
Territory controlled by the Republic of Korea in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled in light green
Territory controlled by the Republic of Korea in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled in light green
Capital
and largest city
Seoul
37°33′N 126°58′E / 37.550°N 126.967°E / 37.550; 126.967
Official languagesKorean (Pyojuneo)
Korean Sign Language[1]
Official scriptHangul
Ethnic groups
(2019)[2]
Religion
(2015)[3][4]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic
• President
Yoon Suk-yeol
• Prime Minister
Han Duck-soo
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Kim Jin-pyo
• Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Kim Myeong-soo
• President of the Constitutional Court
Yoo Nam-seok
LegislatureNational Assembly
Establishment history
• Gojoseon
2333 BCE (mythological)
• Three Kingdoms
57 BCE
• Balhae and Silla Kingdoms
668
• Goryeo dynasty
918
• Joseon dynasty
17 July 1392
• Korean Empire
12 October 1897
• Japanese annexation
22 August 1910
• Independence from Japan declared
1 March 1919
• Provisional Government
11 April 1919
• Surrender of Japan
2 September 1945
• US administration of Korea south of the 38th parallel
8 September 1945
• ROK established
15 August 1948
• Current constitution
25 February 1988
Area
• Total
100,363 km2 (38,750 sq mi) (107th)
• Water (%)
0.3
Population
• 2023 estimate
51,966,948[5] (28th)
• Density
507/km2 (1,313.1/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.924 trillion[6] (14th)
• Per capita
Increase $56,706[6] (28th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.721 trillion[6] (12th)
• Per capita
Increase $33,393[6] (33nd)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 34.5[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.925[8]
very high · 19th
CurrencyKorean Republic won (₩) (KRW)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Korea Standard Time)
Date format
  • yyyy년 m월 d일
  • yyyy. m. d. (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+82
ISO 3166 codeKR
Internet TLD
Republic of South Sudan
Motto: 
"Justice, Liberty, Prosperity"
Anthem: 
"South Sudan Oyee!"
South Sudan (orthographic projection) highlighted.svg
Location South Sudan AU Africa.svg
South Sudan in dark green, disputed regions in light green
Capital
and largest city
Juba
04°51′N 31°36′E / 4.850°N 31.600°E / 4.850; 31.600
Official languagesEnglish[1]
Recognised national languages
and around 60 other languages
[note 1]
Spoken languages[7]
Religion
(2020)[8]
Demonym(s)South Sudanese
GovernmentFederal provisional unity government[9]
• President
Salva Kiir Mayardit
• First Vice President
Riek Machar
• Speaker
Jemma Nunu Kumba
• Chief Justice
Chan Reec Madut
LegislatureTransitional National Legislature
Council of States
Transitional National Legislative Assembly
Independence 
from Sudan
• Autonomy
9 July 2005
• Declared and recognized
9 July 2011
Area
• Total
644,329 km2 (248,777 sq mi) (41st)
Population
• 2023 estimate
12,118,379[10] (82nd)
• Density
13.33/km2 (34.5/sq mi) (214th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease$13.6 billion [11] (157th)
• Per capita
Decrease$934[11] (191st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease$4.7 billion [11] (164th)
• Per capita
Decrease $326[11] (194th)
Gini (2016)Positive decrease 44.1[12]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.385[13]
low · 191st
CurrencySouth Sudanese pound (SSP)
Time zoneUTC+2 (Central Africa Time)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright[14]
Calling code+211[15]
ISO 3166 codeSS
Internet TLD.ss[16]a
  1. Registered and operational since 2019
Kingdom of Spain
Reino de España
4 other names[a]
Motto: Plus ultra (Latin)
(English: "Further Beyond")
Anthem: Marcha Real (Spanish)[1]
(English: "Royal March")
EU-Spain (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Spain.svg
Location of Spain (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)

Capital
and largest city
Madrid
40°26′N 3°42′W / 40.433°N 3.700°W / 40.433; -3.700
Official languageSpanish[b]
Nationality (mid 2022)
Religion
(2023)[4]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Felipe VI
• Prime Minister
Pedro Sánchez
• First Deputy Prime Minister
Nadia Calviño
LegislatureCortes Generales
Senate
Congress of Deputies
Formation
• De facto
20 January 1479
• De jure
9 June 1715
• First constitution
19 March 1812
• Current constitution
29 December 1978
• EEC accession[c]
1 January 1986
Area
• Total
505,994[5] km2 (195,365 sq mi) (51st)
• Water (%)
0.89 (2015)[6]
Population
• 2023 estimate
47,325,360[7] (31st)
• Density
94/km2 (243.5/sq mi) (120th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.20 trillion[8] (16th)
• Per capita
Increase $46,511[8] (37th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.389 trillion[8] (16th)
• Per capita
Increase $29,198[8] (40th)
Gini (2021)Negative increase 33.0[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.905[10]
very high · 27th
CurrencyEuro[d] () (EUR)
Time zoneUTC⁠±0 to +1 (WET and CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+1 to +2 (WEST and CEST)
Note: most of Spain observes CET/CEST, except the Canary Islands which observe WET/WEST.
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+34
ISO 3166 codeES
Internet TLD.es[e]
Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
  • ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රජාතාන්ත්‍රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජය (Sinhala)
  • இலங்கை சனநாயக சோசலிசக் குடியரசு (Tamil)
  • Sinhala:Śrī Laṅkā Prajātāntrika Samājavādī Janarajaya
    Tamil:Ilaṅkai Jaṉanāyaka Sōsalisak Kuṭiyarasu
Anthem: "Sri Lanka Matha"
(English: "Mother Sri Lanka")
Location of Sri Lanka
Capital
Largest cityColombo
Official languages
Recognised languagesEnglish
Ethnic groups
(2012[4])
Religion
(2012)
70.2% Buddhism (official)[5]
12.6% Hinduism
9.7% Islam
7.4% Christianity
0.1% Other/None
Demonym(s)Sri Lankan
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic[6]
• President
Ranil Wickremesinghe
• Prime Minister
Dinesh Gunawardena
• Speaker of the Parliament
Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena
• Chief Justice
Jayantha Jayasuriya
LegislatureParliament
Formation
• Kingdom established[7]
543 BCE
• Rajarata established[8]
437 BCE
• Kandyan Wars
1796
• Kandyan Convention signed
1815
• Independence
4 February 1948
• Republic
22 May 1972
• Current constitution
7 September 1978
Area
• Total
65,610.2 km2 (25,332.2 sq mi) (120th)
• Water (%)
4.4
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 22,181,000[9] (57th)
• 2012 census
20,277,600[10]
• Density
337.7/km2 (874.6/sq mi) (24th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $318.6 billion[11] (60th)
• Per capita
Decrease $14,234[11] (101th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $73.7 billion[11] (79th)
• Per capita
Decrease $3,293[11] (132th)
Gini (2016)39.8[12]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.782[13]
high · 73rd
CurrencySri Lankan rupee (Rs) (LKR)
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (SLST)
Date format
  • dd-mm-yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+94
ISO 3166 codeLK
Internet TLD
Website
gov.lk
Republic of the Sudan
جمهورية السودان (Arabic)
Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān
Motto: النصر لنا
an-Naṣr lanā
"Victory is ours"
Anthem: نحن جند الله، جند الوطن
Naḥnu jund Allah, jund al-waṭan
"We are the soldiers of God, the soldiers of the Nation"
Sudan displayed in dark green color, claimed territories in light green
Sudan displayed in dark green color, claimed territories in light green
CapitalKhartoum
15°30′03″N 32°33′36″E / 15.5007°N 32.5599°E / 15.5007; 32.5599
Largest cityOmdurman
Official languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2020)[4]
Demonym(s)Sudanese
GovernmentFederal republic under a military junta[5][6]
• Transitional Sovereignty Council
Others[7]
  • Shams al-Din Khabbashi
  • Yasser al-Atta
  • Ibrahim Jabir Karim
  • Malik Agar
  • El Hadi Idris Yahya
  • El Tahrir Abubakr Hajar
  • Raja Nicola
  • Abdulgasim Bortom
  • Yousef Jad Karim
  • Abdelbagi al-Zubeir
  • Salma Abdeljabbar
• Prime Minister
LegislatureTransitional Legislative Council
Formation
• Kingdom of Kerma
2500 BC
• Kingdom of Kush
1070 BC
• Mahdist State
1885
• Anglo-Egyptian Condominium
1899
• Independence from the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Egypt
1 January 1956
• Secession of South Sudan
9 July 2011
• 2019 coup d'état
11 April 2019
• 2019 Draft Constitutional Declaration effective
20 August 2019
• 2021 coup d'état
25 October 2021
Area
• Total
1,886,068 km2 (728,215 sq mi) (15th)
Population
• 2023 estimate
49,197,555[8] (30th)
• Density
21.3/km2 (55.2/sq mi) (202nd)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease$207.7 billion[9] (71st)
• Per capita
Decrease$4,450[9] (151st)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease$42.7 billion[9] (96th)
• Per capita
Decrease$916[9] (171st)
Gini (2014)Positive decrease 34.2[10]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.508[11]
low · 172nd
CurrencySudanese pound (SDG)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+249
ISO 3166 codeSD
Internet TLD.sd
سودان.
Republic of Suriname
Republiek Suriname (Dutch)
Motto: JustitiaPietasFides (Latin)
Gerechtigheid – Vroomheid – Vertrouwen (Dutch)
"Justice – Piety – Trust"
Anthem: God zij met ons Suriname (Dutch)
"God be with our Suriname"
Location of Suriname (dark green) in South America (grey)
Location of Suriname (dark green)

in South America (grey)

Capital
and largest city
Paramaribo
5°50′N 55°10′W / 5.833°N 55.167°W / 5.833; -55.167
Official languagesDutch
Recognised regional languages
Lingua franca
Other languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
Demonym(s)Surinamese
GovernmentUnitary assembly-independent republic
• President
Chan Santokhi
• Vice President
Ronnie Brunswijk
• National Assembly Chairman
Marinus Bee
• High Court of Justice President
Iwan Rasoelbaks (acting)
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence
• Constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands
15 December 1954
• Independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands
25 November 1975
Area
• Total
163,821 km2 (63,252 sq mi) (90th)
• Water (%)
1.1
Population
• 2022 estimate
632,638[7] (170th)
• Density
3.9/km2 (10.1/sq mi) (231st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$10.707 billion[8]
• Per capita
$17,350[8]
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$3.011 billion[8]
• Per capita
$4,880[8]
HDI (2021)Increase 0.730[9]
high · 99th
CurrencySurinamese dollar (SRD)
Time zoneUTC-3 (SRT)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+597
ISO 3166 codeSR
Internet TLD.sr
Kingdom of Sweden
Konungariket Sverige (Swedish)
Anthem: 
Du gamla, Du fria[a]
(English: "Thou ancient, Thou free")
Royal anthem: 
Kungssången
(English: "Song of the King")
EU-Sweden (orthographic projection).svg
EU-Sweden.svg
Location of Sweden (dark green)

– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)  –  [Legend]

Capital
and largest city
Stockholm
59°21′N 18°4′E / 59.350°N 18.067°E / 59.350; 18.067
Official languagesSwedish[b]
National minority languages
Religion
(2020)[9][10]
  • 36.0% No religion
  • 2.3% Islam
  • 0.3% Others
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary
constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Carl XVI Gustaf
• Riksdag Speaker
Andreas Norlén
• Prime Minister
Ulf Kristersson
LegislatureRiksdag
History
• A unified Swedish kingdom established
By the early 12th century
• Part of the Kalmar Union
17 June 1397 – 6 June 1523
• Part of the Swedish-Norwegian Union
4 November 1814 – 26 October 1905[11]
• Joined the European Union
1 January 1995
Area
• Total
447,425 km2 (172,752 sq mi) (55th)
• Water (%)
8.97 (2022)[12]
Population
• 31 May 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 10,481,937[13] (87th)
• Density
25/km2 (64.7/sq mi) (198th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $712.02 billion[14] (40th)
• Per capita
Increase $65,842[14] (18th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $599.05 billion[14] (25th)
• Per capita
Increase $55,395[14] (14th)
Gini (2021)Positive decrease 26.8[15]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.947[16]
very high · 7th
CurrencySwedish krona (SEK)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatyyyy-mm-dd
Driving sideright[d]
Calling code+46
ISO 3166 codeSE
Internet TLD.se[e]
Website
sweden.se
  1. ^ Persons who have foreign backgrounds are defined as persons who are foreign born, or born in Sweden with foreign born parents.[17] As the Swedish government does not base any statistics on ethnicity, there are no exact numbers on the ethnic background of migrants and their descendants in Sweden. This is not, however, to be confused with migrants' national backgrounds, which are recorded.
Swiss Confederation
Five official names
    • Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German)
    • Confédération suisse (French)
    • Confederazione Svizzera (Italian)
    • Confederaziun svizra (Romansh)
    • Confoederatio helvetica (Latin)
Motto: (unofficial)
"Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno"
"One for all, all for one"
Anthem: "Swiss Psalm"
Location of Switzerland (green) in Europe (green and dark grey)
Location of Switzerland (green)

in Europe (green and dark grey)

Capital
46°57′N 7°27′E / 46.950°N 7.450°E / 46.950; 7.450
Largest cityZürich
Official languages
Religion
(2020)[3][b]
  • 29.4% no religion
  • 5.4% Islam
  • 0.6% Hinduism
  • 0.9% other
  • 1.1% unanswered
Demonym(s)
GovernmentFederal assembly-independent[4][5] directorial republic with elements of a direct democracy
• Federal Council
• Federal Chancellor
Walter Thurnherr
LegislatureFederal Assembly
Council of States
National Council
History
• Founded
1 August 1291[c]
• Sovereignty recognised (Peace of Westphalia)
24 October 1648
• Federal Treaty
7 August 1815
• Federal state
12 September 1848[d][6]
Area
• Total
41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi) (132nd)
• Water (%)
4.34 (2015)[7]
Population
• 2020 estimate
Neutral increase 8,738,791[8] (99th)
• 2015 census
8,327,126[9]
• Density
207/km2 (536.1/sq mi) (48th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $739.49 billion[10] (35th)
• Per capita
Increase $84,658 [10] (5th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $841.69 billion[10] (20th)
• Per capita
Increase $92,434[10] (7th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 29.7[11]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.962[12]
very high · 1st
CurrencySwiss franc (CHF)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+2 (CEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy (AD)
Driving sideright
Calling code+41
ISO 3166 codeCH
Internet TLD.ch, .swiss
Syrian Arab Republic
الجمهورية العربية السورية (Arabic)
al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah
Motto: وَحْدَةٌ ، حُرِّيَّةٌ ، اِشْتِرَاكِيَّةٌ
Waḥdah, Ḥurrīyah, Ishtirākīyah
"Unity, Freedom, Socialism"
Anthem: حُمَاةَ الدِّيَارِ
Ḥumāt ad-Diyār
"Guardians of the Homeland"
Syria (orthographic projection) disputed.svg
Syria in dark green, claim to much of Turkey's Hatay Province and Israeli-occupied Golan Heights shown in light green
Syria - Location Map (2013) - SYR - UNOCHA.svg
Capital
and largest city
Damascus
33°30′N 36°18′E / 33.500°N 36.300°E / 33.500; 36.300
Official languagesArabic[1]
Ethnic groups
(2018[2])
75% Arabs
10% Kurds
15% Others (including Turkomans, Assyrians, Circassians, Armenians and others)[2][3]
Religion
87% Islam
10% Christianity[2]
3% Druze
Demonym(s)Syrian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic[4][5] under a totalitarian[6] hereditary dictatorship
• President
Bashar al-Assad
• Vice President
Najah al-Attar
• Prime Minister
Hussein Arnous
• Speaker of the People's Assembly
Hammouda Sabbagh
LegislaturePeople's Assembly
Establishment
• Arab Kingdom of Syria
8 March 1920
• State of Syria under French mandate
1 December 1924
• Syrian Republic
14 May 1930
• De jure Independence
24 October 1945
• De facto Independence
17 April 1946
• Left the United Arab Republic
28 September 1961
• Ba'ath Party takes power
8 March 1963
• Current constitution
27 February 2012
Area
• Total
185,180[7] km2 (71,500 sq mi) (87th)
• Water (%)
1.1
Population
• 2022 estimate
22,125,249[8] (60th)
• Density
118.3/km2 (306.4/sq mi) (70th)
GDP (PPP)2015 estimate
• Total
$50.28 billion[9]
• Per capita
$2,900[9]
GDP (nominal)2014 estimate
• Total
$24.6 billion[9] (167)
Gini (2014)55.8[10]
high
HDI (2021)Steady 0.577[11]
medium · 150th
CurrencySyrian pound (SYP)
Time zoneUTC+3
Driving sideright
Calling code+963
ISO 3166 codeSY
Internet TLD.sy
سوريا.
Republic of Tajikistan
  • Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон (Tajik)
    Jumhurii Tojikiston
  • Республика Таджикистан (Russian)
    Respublika Tadzhikistan
Motto: Истиқлол, Озодӣ, Ватан (Tajik)
Istiqlol, Ozodī, Vatan
"Independence, Freedom, Homeland"
Anthem: Суруди Миллӣ (Tajik)
Surudi Millī
"National Anthem"
Location of Tajikistan (green)
Location of Tajikistan (green)
Capital
and largest city
Dushanbe
38°33′N 68°48′E / 38.550°N 68.800°E / 38.550; 68.800
Official languages
Spoken languages
Ethnic groups
(2010[2])
Religion
(2020)[3][4]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic under an authoritarian dictatorship[7]
• President
Emomali Rahmon
• Prime Minister
Kokhir Rasulzoda
LegislatureSupreme Assembly
National Assembly
Assembly of Representatives
Formation
• Samanid Empire
819
• Soviet autonomy
27 October 1924
• Soviet republic
5 December 1929
• Independence from the USSR
9 September 1991
• Recognized
26 December 1991
• Current constitution
6 November 1994
Area
• Total
142,326 km2 (54,952 sq mi) (94th)
• Water
2,575 km2 (994 sq mi)
• Water (%)
1.8
Population
• 2022 estimate
9,750,065[8][9] (94th)
• Density
48.6/km2 (125.9/sq mi) (155th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $47.2 billion[10] (123nd)
• Per capita
Increase $4,803[10] (147th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $9.9 billion[10] (152nd)
• Per capita
Decrease $1,015[10] (169tn)
Gini (2015)34[11]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.685[12]
medium · 122th
CurrencySomoni (TJS)
Time zoneUTC+5 (TJT)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+992
ISO 3166 codeTJ
Internet TLD.tj
  1. Russian has the status of an official language through its use as the official interethnic language as cited in the Constitution of Tajikistan.[13]
United Republic of Tanzania
Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania (Swahili)
Anthem: "Mungu ibariki Afrika"
"God Bless Africa"
Location of Tanzania (dark green) in eastern Africa
Location of Tanzania (dark green) in eastern Africa
Map of Tanzania
Map of Tanzania
CapitalDodoma
Largest cityDar es Salaam
Official languages
National languageSwahili[1]
Other languagesOver 100 languages, including (1m+):
Ethnic groups
Over 100 ethnic groups
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Tanzanian
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Samia Suluhu Hassan
• Vice-President
Philip Mpango
• Prime Minister
Kassim Majaliwa
• Speaker
Tulia Ackson
• Chief Justice
Ibrahim Hamis Juma
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence from the United Kingdom, the German Empire and the Omani Empire
• Tanganyika
9 December 1961
• Zanzibar
10 December 1963
• Merger
26 April 1964
• Current constitution
25 April 1977
Area
• Total
947,303 km2 (365,756 sq mi) (30th)
• Water (%)
6.4[3]
Population
• 2022 census
61,741,120[4] (23rd)
• Density
47.5/km2 (123.0/sq mi) (157th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$207.5 billion [5] (72nd)
• Per capita
Increase $3,374 [5] (163th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$76.5 [5] billion (76th)
• Per capita
Increase$1,245[5] (164th)
Gini (2017)Negative increase 40.5[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.549[7]
low · 160th
CurrencyTanzanian shilling (TZS)
Time zoneUTC+3 (East Africa Time)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+255[a]
ISO 3166 codeTZ
Internet TLD.tz
Kingdom of Thailand
  • ราชอาณาจักรไทย (Thai)
  • Ratcha-anachak Thai
Anthem: เพลงชาติไทย
"Thai National Anthem"
Royal anthem: สรรเสริญพระบารมี
"Sansoen Phra Barami"
Thailand (orthographic projection).svg
Location Thailand ASEAN.svg
Location of Thailand (green)

– in Asia (grey)
– in ASEAN (grey)

Capital
and largest city
Bangkok
13°45′N 100°29′E / 13.750°N 100.483°E / 13.750; 100.483
Official language
and national language
Thai[1]
Spoken languagesThai, Isan, Lanna, Dambro, Karen, Pattani Malay, Bangkok Malay, Teochew, Hokkien
Ethnic groups
Religion
(2018)[2]
Demonym(s)Thai, Siamese
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy under a semi-democracy[3]
• Monarch
Vajiralongkorn
(Rama X)
• Prime Minister
Prayut Chan-o-cha
LegislatureNational Assembly
Senate
House of Representatives
Formation
• Sukhothai Kingdom
1238–1448
• Ayutthaya Kingdom
1351–1767
• Thonburi Kingdom
1767–1782
• Rattanakosin Kingdom
6 April 1782
• Constitutional monarchy
24 June 1932
• Current constitution
6 April 2017
Area
• Total
513,120 km2 (198,120 sq mi) (50th)
• Water (%)
0.4 (2,230 km2)
Population
• 2022 estimate
69,648,117[4] (20th)
• 2010 census
64,785,909[5] (21st)
• Density
132.1/km2 (342.1/sq mi) (88th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.591 trillion[6] (23rd)
• Per capita
Increase $22,675[6] (74th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $574.231 billion[6] (27th)
• Per capita
Increase $8,181[6] (85th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 35.0[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.800[8]
very high · 66th
CurrencyBaht (฿) (THB)
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (BE)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+66
ISO 3166 codeTH
Internet TLD
Togolese Republic
République togolaise (French)
Motto: "Travail, Liberté, Patrie"[1] (French)
"Work, Liberty, Homeland"
Anthem: "Terre de nos aïeux" (French)
(English: "Land of our ancestors")
Location of Togo (dark blue) in the African Union (light blue)
Location of Togo (dark blue)

in the African Union (light blue)

Capital
and largest city
Lomé
6°8′N 1°13′E / 6.133°N 1.217°E / 6.133; 1.217
Official languages
Recognised national languages
Spoken languages
Ethnic groups
Other (5.6%)[2]
Religion
(2020)
Demonym(s)Togolese
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Faure Gnassingbé
• Prime Minister
Victoire Tomegah Dogbé
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence 
from France
• Independence granted
27 April 1960
Area
• Total
56,785 km2 (21,925 sq mi) (123rd)
• Water (%)
4.2
Population
• 2022 estimate
8,492,333[4] (102nd)
• Density
125.9/km2 (326.1/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $22.7 billion[5] (151st)
• Per capita
Decrease $2,612[5] (175th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $8.5 billion[5] (157th)
• Per capita
Increase $916[5] (170th)
Gini (2015)Positive decrease 43.1[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.539[7]
low · 162th
CurrencyWest African CFA franc (XOF)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+228
ISO 3166 codeTG
Internet TLD.tg
  1. Such as Ewe, Mina and Aja.
  2. Largest are the Ewe, Mina, Kotokoli Tem and Kabyè.
  3. Mostly European, Indian & Syrian-Lebanese.
  4. Estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.
  5. Rankings based on 2017 figures (CIA World Factbook – "Togo")
Kingdom of Tonga
Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga (Tongan)
Motto: "Ko e ʻOtua mo Tonga ko hoku tofiʻa"
"God and Tonga are my inheritance"
Anthem: "Ko e fasi ʻo e tuʻi ʻo e ʻOtu Tonga"
"Song of the King of the Tongan Islands"
Location of Tonga
Capital
and largest city
Nukuʻalofa
21°08′S 175°12′W / 21.133°S 175.200°W / -21.133; -175.200
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2018[1])
Religion
(2016)[2]
Demonym(s)Tongan
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Tupou VI
• Prime Minister
Siaosi Sovaleni
• Assembly Speaker
Fatafehi Fakafanua
LegislatureLegislative Assembly
Independence 
• Independence declared
4 June 1970
Area
• Total
748 km2 (289 sq mi) (175th)
• Water (%)
4.0
Population
• 2021 census
100,209[3] (199th)
• Density
139/km2 (360.0/sq mi) (76tha)
GDP (PPP)2019 estimate
• Total
$655 million
• Per capita
$6,496[4]
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
$493 million
• Per capita
$4,888[4]
Gini (2015)Steady 37.6[5]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.745[6]
high · 91st
CurrencyPaʻanga (TOP)
Time zoneUTC+13
Driving sideleft
Calling code+676
ISO 3166 codeTO
Internet TLD.to
  1. Based on 2005 figures.
Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
Motto: "Together We Aspire, Together We Achieve"
Anthem: "Forged from the Love of Liberty"
Location of Trinidad and Tobago
Location of Trinidad and Tobago
CapitalPort of Spain
10°40′0″N 61°30′27″W / 10.66667°N 61.50750°W / 10.66667; -61.50750
Largest citySan Fernando
10°17′N 61°28′W / 10.283°N 61.467°W / 10.283; -61.467
Official languagesEnglish[1]
Other languagesSee Languages in Trinidad and Tobago[2]
Ethnic groups
(2011)[3]
Religion
(2011)[3]
Demonym(s)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Christine Kangaloo
• Prime Minister
Keith Rowley
• House Speaker
Bridgid Annisette-George
• Senate President
Nigel de Freitas
• Chief Justice
Ivor Archie
• Opposition Leader
Kamla Persad-Bissessar
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence 
• Part of the West Indies Federation
3 January 1958 – 14 January 1962
• Independence
31 August 1962
• Joined CARICOM at the Treaty of Chaguaramas
1 August 1973
• Republic
1 August 1976[a]
Area
• Total
5,131 km2 (1,981 sq mi) (164th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2022 estimate
1,405,646[6] (151st)
• Density
264/km2 (683.8/sq mi) (34th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $42.1 billion[7] (126th)
• Per capita
Increase$29,793[7] (58th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease$29.3 billion[7] (107th)
• Per capita
Decrease$20,746[7] (47th)
Gini (2012)39.0[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.810[9]
very high · 57th
CurrencyTrinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
Time zoneUTC-4 (AST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+1 (868)
ISO 3166 codeTT
Internet TLD.tt
  1. ^ Despite becoming a republic on 1 August, Republic Day is celebrated as a public holiday on 24 September because this is the date when the first Parliament met under the new Republican Constitution.[5]
Republic of Tunisia
  • الجمهورية التونسية (Arabic)
    al-Jumhūrīyah at-Tūnisīyah
Motto: حرية، نظام، عدالة
"Ḥurrīyah, Niẓām, 'Adālah"
"Freedom, Order, Justice"[1]
Anthem: حماة الحمى
"Humat al-Hima"
(English: "Defenders of the Homeland")
Location of Tunisia in northern Africa
Location of Tunisia in northern Africa
Capital
and largest city
Tunis
36°49′N 10°11′E / 36.817°N 10.183°E / 36.817; 10.183
Official languagesArabic[2]
Local vernacularTunisian Arabic[3]
Foreign languages
Ethnic groups
(2021)[5]
Religion
Demonym(s)Tunisian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Kais Saied
• Prime Minister
Najla Bouden
• Speaker
Ibrahim Bouderbala
LegislatureAssembly of the Representatives of the People
Establishment
• Ancient Carthage
814 BC
• Africa Proconsularis
146 BC
• Vandal Kingdom
435
• Exarchate of Africa
591
• Aghlabids
800
• Fatimids
909
• Zirids
972
• Hafsids
1207
• Husainids
15 July 1705
• Kingdom
20 March 1956
• Republic
25 July 1957
• Current Constitution
28 August 2022
Area
• Total
163,610 km2 (63,170 sq mi) (91st)
• Water (%)
5.04
Population
• 2020 estimate
11,708,370[13] (81st)
• Density
71.65/km2 (185.6/sq mi) (144th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $149.184 billion [14] (82nd)
• Per capita
Increase $12,300[14] (113th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $49.815 billion[14] (92th)
• Per capita
Increase $4,071[14] (129th)
Gini (2017)35.8[15]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.731[16]
high · 97th
CurrencyTunisian dinar (TND)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+216
ISO 3166 codeTN
Internet TLD
Republic of Türkiye
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (Turkish)
Flag of Turkey
Flag
Anthem: 
İstiklal Marşı (Turkish)
"The Independence March"
Location of Turkey
CapitalAnkara
39°N 35°E / 39°N 35°E / 39; 35Coordinates: 39°N 35°E / 39°N 35°E / 39; 35
Largest cityIstanbul
41°1′N 28°57′E / 41.017°N 28.950°E / 41.017; 28.950
Official languagesTurkish[1][2]
Spoken languages[3]
Other languages
Ethnic groups
(2016)[4]
Religion
See religion in Turkey
Demonym(s)
  • Turkish
  • Turk
GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic
• President
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
• Vice President
Fuat Oktay
• Assembly Speaker
Mustafa Şentop
• Chief Judge
Zühtü Arslan
LegislatureGrand National Assembly
Establishment
• Ottoman Empire
c. 1299
• War of Independence
19 May 1919
• Government of the Grand National Assembly
23 April 1920
• Treaty of Lausanne
24 July 1923
• Republic declared
29 October 1923
• Current constitution
9 November 1982[5]
Area
• Total
783,356 km2 (302,455 sq mi) (36th)
• Water (%)
2.03 (2015)[6]
Population
• December 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 85,279,553[7] (18th)
• Density
111[7]/km2 (287.5/sq mi) (107th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.573 trillion[8] (11th)
• Per capita
Increase $41,412[8] (46th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.029 trillion[8] (19th)
• Per capita
Increase $11,932[8] (71st)
Gini (2019)Steady 41.9[9]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.838[10]
very high · 48th
CurrencyTurkish lira () (TRY)
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+90
ISO 3166 codeTR
Internet TLD.tr
Turkmenistan
Türkmenistan (Turkmen)
Motto: 
Türkmenistan Bitaraplygyň watanydyr
"Turkmenistan is the motherland of Neutrality"[1][2]
Anthem: 
Garaşsyz Bitarap Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gimni
"National Anthem of Independent Neutral Turkmenistan"
Location of Turkmenistan (red)
Location of Turkmenistan (red)
Capital
and largest city
Ashgabat
37°58′N 58°20′E / 37.967°N 58.333°E / 37.967; 58.333
Official languagesTurkmen[3]
Ethnic groups
(2012)
Religion
(2020 ?)[4]
Demonym(s)Turkmenistani[5]
Turkmen[6]
Turkmenian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic under a totalitarian hereditary dictatorship[7][8]
• President
Serdar Berdimuhamedow
• Vice President
Raşit Meredow
• Chairman of the People's Council
Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
• Chairperson of the Assembly
Dunyagozel Gulmanova
LegislatureAssembly
Independence from the Soviet Union
• Conquest
1879
• Soviet rule
13 May 1925
• Declared state sovereignty
22 August 1990
• From the Soviet Union
27 October 1991
• Recognized
26 December 1991
• Current constitution
18 May 1992
Area
• Total
491,210 km2 (189,660 sq mi)[9] (52nd)
• Water
24,069 km2 (9,293 sq mi)
• Water (%)
4.9
Population
• 2022 estimate
5,636,011[10] (115th)
• Density
10.5/km2 (27.2/sq mi) (221st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$117.7 billion [11] (93nd)
• Per capita
$18,875[11] (80th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
$74.4 billion[11] (78th)
• Per capita
$11,929[11] (68th)
Gini (1998)40.8
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.745[12]
high · 91st
CurrencyManat (TMT)
Time zoneUTC+05 (TMT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+993
ISO 3166 codeTM
Internet TLD.tm
Tuvalu
Motto: "Tuvalu mo te Atua" (Tuvaluan)
"Tuvalu for the Almighty"
Anthem: Tuvalu mo te Atua (Tuvaluan)
Tuvalu for the Almighty
Location of Tuvalu
Capital
and largest city
Funafuti
8°31′S 179°12′E / 8.517°S 179.200°E / -8.517; 179.200
Official languages
Ethnic groups
Religion
Christianity (official)[1]
Demonym(s)Tuvaluan
GovernmentUnitary non-partisan parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Governor-General
Tofiga Vaevalu Falani
• Prime Minister
Kausea Natano
LegislatureParliament
Independence
• from the United Kingdom
1 October 1978
Area
• Total
26 km2 (10 sq mi)[2] (192nd)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2021 estimate
11,900 (225th)
• 2017 census
10,645
• Density
475.88/km2 (1,232.5/sq mi) (27th)
GDP (PPP)2016 estimate
• Total
$39 million[3] (226th)
• Per capita
$3,566[3] (156th)
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
$45 million[3] (194th)
• Per capita
$2,970[3] (118th)
Gini (2010)Steady 39.1[4]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.641[5]
medium · 130th
Currency (AUD)
Time zoneUTC+12
Driving sideleft
Calling code+688
ISO 3166 codeTV
Internet TLD.tv
Republic of Uganda[1]
Jamhuri ya Uganda (Swahili)
Official Name in Local Languages[a]
Motto: "For God and My Country"
"Kwa Mungu na nchi yangu"
Anthem: "Oh Uganda, Land of Beauty"
Location Uganda AU Africa.svg
Capital
and largest city
Kampala
Official languages
National languageNone at national level
Spoken languagesOver 70 languages
Religion
(2014 census)[7]
Demonym(s)Ugandan[8]
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Yoweri Museveni
• Vice President
Jessica Alupo
• Prime Minister
Robinah Nabbanja
LegislatureParliament
Independence 
• Dominion
9 October 1962
• Republic
9 October 1963
• Current constitution
8 October 1995
Area
• Total
241,038 km2 (93,065 sq mi) (79th)
• Water (%)
15.39
Population
• 2021 estimate
Neutral increase 45,853,778[9][10] (35th)
• 2014 census
Neutral increase 34,634,650[11]
• Density
157.1/km2 (406.9/sq mi) (75th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
$129.48 billion[12] (88th)
• Per capita
$2,960[12] (172nd)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $46.38 billion[12] (90th)
• Per capita
Increase $1,060[12] (196th)
Gini (2016)Negative increase 42.0[13]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.525[14]
low · 167th
CurrencyUgandan shilling (UGX)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+256a
ISO 3166 codeUG
Internet TLD.ug
  1. +006 from Kenya and Tanzania.
Ukraine
Україна (Ukrainian)
Anthem: Державний Гімн України
Derzhavnyi Himn Ukrainy
"State Anthem of Ukraine"
Ukraine - disputed (orthographic projection).svg
Europe-Ukraine (и не контролируемые).png
Capital
and largest city
Kyiv
49°N 32°E / 49°N 32°E / 49; 32
  • Official language
  • and national language
Ukrainian[1]
Ethnic groups
(2001)[2]
Religion
(2018)[3]
Demonym(s)Ukrainian
GovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic
• President
Volodymyr Zelenskyy
• Prime Minister
Denys Shmyhal
• Chairman of the
Verkhovna Rada
Ruslan Stefanchuk
LegislatureVerkhovna Rada
Formation
• Kievan Rus'
882
• Galicia–Volhynia
1199
• Cossack Hetmanate
18 August 1649
• People's Republic
20 November 1917
• Westward expansion
19391940
• Transfer of Crimea
26 April 1954
• Independence restored
24 August 1991
• Current constitution
28 June 1996
Area
• Total
603,628[4] km2 (233,062 sq mi) (45th)
• Water (%)
3.8[5]
Population
• 2023 estimate
Decrease 36,744,636[6] (41st)
• Density
73.8/km2 (191.1/sq mi) (115th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $441.075 billion[7]
• Per capita
Decrease $12,660[7]
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $151.1 billion[7]
• Per capita
Decrease $4,349[7]
Gini (2020)Positive decrease 25.6[8]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.773[9]
high · 77th
CurrencyHryvnia (₴) (UAH)
Time zoneUTC+2[10] (EET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (EEST)
Date formatdd.mm.yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+380
ISO 3166 codeUA
Internet TLD
Website
ukraine.ua
United Arab Emirates
الْإِمَارَات الْعَرَبِيَة الْمُتَحِدَة (Arabic)
al-ʾImārāt al-ʿArabīyah al-Muttaḥidah
Motto: الله الوطن الرئيس
God, Nation, President
Anthem: عيشي بلادي
"Īšiy Bilādī"
"Long Live My Country"
Location of United Arab Emirates (green) in the Arabian Peninsula
Location of United Arab Emirates (green)

in the Arabian Peninsula

Map
United Arab Emirates
CapitalAbu Dhabi
24°28′N 54°22′E / 24.467°N 54.367°E / 24.467; 54.367
Largest cityDubai
25°15′N 55°18′E / 25.250°N 55.300°E / 25.250; 55.300
Official languagesArabic[1]
Common languagesGulf Arabic, English,[2] Hindi, Malayalam, Urdu, Filipino language[3]
Ethnic groups
(2015)[4]
Demonym(s)Emirati[5]
GovernmentFederal Islamic parliamentary elective semi-constitutional monarchy[6][7][8]
• President
Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan[9]
• Prime Minister
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
• Vice President
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum And Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan
• Crown Prince
Khaled Bin Mohamed Bin Zayed Al Nahyan
Legislature
Establishment
• Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah
1708
• Sharjah
1727
• Abu Dhabi
1761
• Umm Al Quwain
1768
• Ajman
1816
• Dubai
1833
• Fujairah
1879
• Independence from the United Kingdom and the Trucial States
2 December 1971
• Admitted to the United Nations
9 December 1971
• Admission of Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah to the UAE
10 February 1972
Area
• Total
83,600 km2 (32,300 sq mi) (114th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2020 estimate
9,282,410[10] (92nd)
• 2005 census
4,106,427
• Density
121/km2 (313.4/sq mi) (110th)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
Increase $779.234 billion[11] (34th)
• Per capita
Increase $78,255[11] (6th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $501.354 billion[11] (32nd)
• Per capita
Increase $50,349[11] (21st)
Gini (2018)26.0[12]
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.911[13]
very high · 26th
CurrencyUAE dirham (AED)
Time zoneUTC+04:00 (GST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+971
ISO 3166 codeAE
Internet TLD
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Anthem: "God Save the King"[a]
Royal coat of arms in Scotland:
Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (Scotland).svg
Europe-UK (orthographic projection).svg
Europe-UK.svg
United Kingdom (+overseas territories and crown dependencies) in the World (+Antarctica claims).svg
Location of the United Kingdom (dark green)

in Europe (dark grey)

Capital
and largest city
London
51°30′N 0°7′W / 51.500°N 0.117°W / 51.500; -0.117
Official language
and national language
Regional and minority languages[b]
Ethnic groups
(2011)
Religion
(2011)[4][5]
Demonym(s)
Constituent countries
GovernmentUnitary[e] parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Charles III
• Prime Minister
Rishi Sunak
• Deputy Prime Minister
Oliver Dowden
LegislatureParliament
House of Lords
House of Commons
Formation
• Laws in Wales Acts
1535 and 1542
• Union of the Crowns
24 March 1603
• Treaty of Union
22 July 1706
• Acts of Union of England and Scotland
1 May 1707
• Acts of Union of Great Britain and Ireland
1 January 1801
• Irish Free State Constitution Act
5 December 1922
Area
• Total
242,495 km2 (93,628 sq mi)[9] (78th)
• Water (%)
1.51 (2015)[10]
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 68,138,484[11] (21st)
• 2011 census
63,182,178[12] (22nd)
• Density
270.7/km2 (701.1/sq mi) (50th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.847 trillion[13] (10th)
• Per capita
Increase $56,471[13] (28th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.159 trillion[13] (6th)
• Per capita
Increase $46,371[13] (24th)
Gini (2019)Negative increase 36.6[14]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.929[15]
very high · 18th
CurrencyPound sterling[f] (GBP)
Time zoneUTC+0 (Greenwich Mean Time, WET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+1 (British Summer Time, WEST)
[g]
Date format
  • dd/mm/yyyy
  • yyyy-mm-dd (AD)
Driving sideleft[h]
Calling code+44[i]
ISO 3166 codeGB
Internet TLD.uk[j]
United States of America
Motto: "In God We Trust"[1]
Other traditional mottos:[2]
Anthem: "The Star-Spangled Banner"[3]
Orthographic map of the U.S. in North America
World map showing the U.S. and its territories
CapitalWashington, D.C.
38°53′N 77°01′W / 38.883°N 77.017°W / 38.883; -77.017
Largest cityNew York City
40°43′N 74°00′W / 40.717°N 74.000°W / 40.717; -74.000
Official languagesNone at the federal level
Recognized regional languagesState and territorial level: [a]
National languageEnglish (de facto)
Ethnic groups
(2020)[4][5][6]
Religion
(2021)[7]
  • 29% no religion
  • 1% Buddhism
  • 1% Hinduism
  • 1% Islam
  • 1% Judaism
  • 2% other
  • 2% unanswered
Demonym(s)American[b][8]
GovernmentFederal presidential constitutional republic and a liberal representative democracy[9]
• President
Joe Biden
• Vice President
Kamala Harris
• House Speaker
Kevin McCarthy
• Chief Justice
John Roberts
LegislatureCongress
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence 
• Revolution
March 22, 1765 (1765-03-22)
• Declaration
July 4, 1776 (1776-07-04)
• Confederation
March 1, 1781 (1781-03-01)
• Recognized
September 3, 1783 (1783-09-03)
• Constitution
June 21, 1788 (1788-06-21)
• Last Amendment
May 5, 1992 (1992-05-05)
Area
• Total area
3,796,742 sq mi (9,833,520 km2)[10] (3rd[c])
• Water (%)
4.66[11] (2015)
• Land area
3,531,905 sq mi (9,147,590 km2) (3rd)
Population
• 2022 estimate
Neutral increase 333,287,557[12]
• 2020 census
331,449,281[d][13] (3rd)
• Density
87/sq mi (33.6/km2) (185th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $26.855 trillion[14] (2nd)
• Per capita
Increase $80,035[14] (8th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $26.855 trillion[14] (1st)
• Per capita
Increase $80,035[14] (7th)
Gini (2020)Negative increase 39.4[e][15]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.921[16]
very high · 21st
CurrencyU.S. dollar ($) (USD)
Time zoneUTC−4 to −12, +10, +11
• Summer (DST)
UTC−4 to −10[f]
Date formatmm/dd/yyyy[g]
Driving sideright[h]
Calling code+1
ISO 3166 codeUS
Internet TLD.com, .us[17]
Oriental Republic of Uruguay
República Oriental del Uruguay (Spanish)
Motto: Libertad o Muerte
"Freedom or Death"
Anthem: Himno Nacional de Uruguay
"National Anthem of Uruguay"
Sol de Mayo[1][2]
(Sun of May)

Sol de Mayo
Location of Uruguay (dark green) in South America
Location of Uruguay (dark green)

in South America

Capital
and largest city
Montevideo
34°53′S 56°10′W / 34.883°S 56.167°W / -34.883; -56.167
Official language
Ethnic groups
(2011)
Religion
(2021)[5]
Demonym(s)Uruguayan
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Luis Lacalle Pou
• Vice President
Beatriz Argimón
LegislatureGeneral Assembly
Senate
Chamber of Representatives
Independence 
from Brazil
• Declared
25 August 1825
• Recognized
27 August 1828
• Current constitution
15 February 1967
Area
• Total
181,034 km2 (69,898 sq mi) (89th)
• Water (%)
1.5
Population
• 2022 estimate
3,407,213[6] (132nd)
• Density
19.8/km2 (51.3/sq mi) (206th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $102.503 billion[7] (98th)
• Per capita
Increase $28,740[7] (62nd)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $77.313 billion[7] (80th)
• Per capita
Increase $21,677[7] (49th)
Gini (2022)Positive decrease 31.1[8]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.809[9]
very high · 58th
CurrencyUruguayan peso (UYU)
Time zoneUTC−3 (UYT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+598
ISO 3166 codeUY
Internet TLD.uy
Republic of Uzbekistan
Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi / Ўзбекистон Республикаси (Uzbek)
Anthem: Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi / Ўзбекистон Республикасининг Давлат Мадҳияси
"State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan"
Location of Uzbekistan (green)
Location of Uzbekistan (green)
Capital
and largest city
Tashkent
41°19′N 69°16′E / 41.317°N 69.267°E / 41.317; 69.267
Official languagesUzbek[1][2]
Recognised regional languagesKarakalpaka
Common languagesUzbekRussian[3][4][5][6]
Spoken languagesKarakalpakTajikKoryo-marTurkmenUkrainianAzerbaijaniUyghurCentral Asian ArabicBukhori and others
Ethnic groups
(2021[7])
Religion
(2021)[8]
Demonym(s)Uzbek
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic[9]
• President
Shavkat Mirziyoyev
• Prime Minister
Abdulla Aripov
• Chairperson of the Senate of Uzbekistan
Tanzila Norbaeva
LegislatureOliy Majlis
Senate
Legislative Chamber
Formation
• Kara-Khanid Khanate
840
• Khwarazmian Empire
1077
• Timurid Empire
1370
• Uzbek Khanate
1428
• Khanate of Khiva
1511
• Khanate of Kokand
1709
• Emirate of Bukhara
1785
• Turkestan ASSR
1918
• Uzbek SSR established after national delimitation
27 October 1924
• Formally recognised
31 August 1991
• Current constitution
26 December 1991
Area
• Total
448,978 km2 (173,351 sq mi) (56th)
• Water (%)
4.9
Population
• 2022 estimate
36,024,000[10] (40th)
• Density
74.1/km2 (191.9/sq mi) (128th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $334 billion[11] (58th)
• Per capita
Increase $11,500[11] (124th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $80 billion[11] (75th)
• Per capita
Increase $2,774[11] (147th)
Gini (2013)Positive decrease 36.7[12][13]
medium
HDI (2021)Increase 0.727[14]
high · 101th
CurrencyUzbek sum (UZS)
Time zoneUTC+5 (UZT)
Date formatdd/mm yyyyc
Driving sideright
Calling code+998
ISO 3166 codeUZ
Internet TLD.uz
Website
gov.uz
  1. Co-official in Karakalpakstan.[1]
  2. On 31 August 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR voted to declare the country independent from the Soviet Union. The next day was declared a national holiday by the Uzbek government, and became an Independence Day.
  3. dd.mm.yyyy format is used in Cyrillic scripts, including Russian.
Republic of Vanuatu
  • Ripablik blong Vanuatu (Bislama)
  • République de Vanuatu (French)
Motto: "Long God yumi stanap" (Bislama)
Nous nous tenons devant Dieu (French)
"With God we stand"[1][2]
Anthem: "Yumi, Yumi, Yumi" (Bislama)
"We, We, We"
Location of Vanuatu
Capital
and largest city
Port Vila
Coordinates: 17°S 168°E / 17°S 168°E / -17; 168
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(1999)
Religion
(2010)[3]
Demonym(s)Ni-Vanuatu and Vanuatuan
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
• President
Nikenike Vurobaravu
• Prime Minister
Ishmael Kalsakau
LegislatureParliament
Independence
• from the United Kingdom and France
30 July 1980
• Admitted to the United Nations
15 September 1981
Area
• Total
12,189 km2 (4,706 sq mi) (157th)
Population
• 2020 estimate
307,815[4] (181st)
• 2016 census
272,459[5]
• Density
19.7/km2 (51.0/sq mi) (188th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
$1.064 billion[6]
• Per capita
$3,001[6]
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
$1.002 billion[6]
• Per capita
$3,188[6]
Gini (2010)37.6[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.607[8]
medium · 142th
CurrencyVatu (VUV)
Time zoneUTC+11 (VUT (Vanuatu Time))
Driving sideright
Calling code+678
ISO 3166 codeVU
Internet TLD.vu
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
República Bolivariana de Venezuela (Spanish)
Motto: Dios y Federación
("God and Federation")
Anthem: Gloria al Bravo Pueblo
("Glory to the Brave People")
Land controlled by Venezuela shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled land shown in light green.
Land controlled by Venezuela shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled land shown in light green.
Capital
and largest city
Caracas
10°30′N 66°55′W / 10.500°N 66.917°W / 10.500; -66.917
Official languagesSpanish[b]
Recognized regional languages
Other spoken languages
Ethnic groups
(2011)[1]
Religion
(2020)[2]
Demonym(s)Venezuelan
GovernmentFederal presidential republic under an authoritarian regime[3][4][5][6]
• President
Nicolás Maduro
• Vice President
Delcy Rodríguez
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence from Spain
• Declared
5 July 1811
• from Gran Colombia
13 January 1830
• Recognized
29 March 1845
• Current constitution
20 December 1999[7]
Area
• Total
916,445 km2 (353,841 sq mi) (32nd)
• Water (%)
3.2%[d]
Population
• 2022 estimate
29,789,730[8] (50th)
• Density
33.74/km2 (87.4/sq mi) (144st)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $191.329 billion[9] (81st)
• Per capita
Increase $7,108[9] (159th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase $82.145 billion[9] (94th)
• Per capita
Increase $3,052[9] (145th)
Gini (2013)Negative increase 44.8[10]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.691[11]
medium · 120th
CurrencyVenezuelan bolívar (official) United States dollar (unofficial)
Time zoneUTC−4 (VET)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideright
Calling code+58
ISO 3166 codeVE
Internet TLD.ve
  1. ^ The "Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela" has been the full official title since the adoption of the Constitution of 1999, when the state was renamed in honor of Simón Bolívar.
  2. ^ The Constitution also recognizes all indigenous languages spoken in the country.
  3. ^ Some important subgroups include those of Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Amerindian, African, Arab and German descent.
  4. ^ Area totals include only Venezuelan-administered territory.
  5. ^ On 1 October 2021, a new bolivar was introduced, the Bolívar digital (ISO 4217 code VED) worth 1,000,000 VES.
Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam (Vietnamese)
Motto: Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc
"Independence – Freedom – Happiness"
Anthem: Tiến Quân Ca
"Army March"
Vietnam (orthographic projection).svg
Location Vietnam ASEAN.svg
Location of Vietnam (green)

in ASEAN (dark grey)

CapitalHanoi
21°2′N 105°51′E / 21.033°N 105.850°E / 21.033; 105.850
Largest cityHo Chi Minh City
10°48′N 106°39′E / 10.800°N 106.650°E / 10.800; 106.650
Official languageVietnamese[1]
Ethnic groups
(2019)
Religion
(2019)
Demonym(s)Vietnamese
GovernmentUnitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic
• General Secretary
Nguyễn Phú Trọng
• President
Võ Văn Thưởng
• Prime Minister
Phạm Minh Chính
• National Assembly Chairman
Vương Đình Huệ
LegislatureNational Assembly
Formation
• Independence from China
939
• First empire
968
• Regaining independence
1428
• Nguyễn's unification
1802
• Protectorate Treaty
25 August 1883
• Declaration of Independence
2 September 1945
• North–South division
21 July 1954
• End of Vietnam War
30 April 1975
• Reunification
2 July 1976
• Đổi Mới
18 December 1986
• Current constitution
28 November 2013[a]
Area
• Total
331,212 km2 (127,882 sq mi) (66th)
• Water (%)
6.38
Population
• 2022 estimate
99,460,000[5] (15th)
• 2019 census
96,208,984[2]
• Density
295.0/km2 (764.0/sq mi) (29th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $1.450 trillion[6] (26th)
• Per capita
Increase $14,458[6] (103th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $449.094 billion[6] (34th)
• Per capita
Increase $4,475[6] (116th)
Gini (2018)Positive decrease 35.7[7]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.703[8]
high · 115th
Currencyđồng (₫) (VND)
Time zoneUTC+07:00 (Vietnam Standard Time)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideright
Calling code+84
ISO 3166 codeVN
Internet TLD.vn
Republic of Yemen
الجمهورية اليمنية (Arabic)
al-Jumhūrīyah al-Yamanīyah
Flag of אריאל נשיא
Flag
Emblem of אריאל נשיא
Emblem
Motto: ٱللَّهُ، ثُمَّ ٱلْوَطَنُ، ٱلثَوْرَةُ، ٱلْوَحْدَةُ
Allāh, thumma al-Waṭan, ath-Thawrah, al-Waḥdah
"God, then Country, Revolution, Unity"
Anthem: الجمهورية المتحدة
al-Jumhūrīyah al-Muttaḥidah
"United Republic"
Yemen (orthographic projection).svg
Status
Yemeni Civil War
Presidential Leadership Council recognized by
United Nations
Capital
and largest city
Sanaa[n 1]
Coordinates: 15°20′54″N 44°12′23″E / 15.34833°N 44.20639°E / 15.34833; 44.20639
Capital-in-exileAden[n 2]
Official languagesArabic[2]
Ethnic groups
Religion
99% Islam (official)
1% includes Hindus, Christians and others
Demonym(s)Yemeni
Yemenite
GovernmentUnitary provisional republic
• Chairman
Rashad al-Alimi (disputed)[n 3]
• Prime Minister
Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed (disputed)[n 4]
LegislatureParliament
Shura Council
House of Representatives
Establishment
• Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen establisheda

30 October 1918
• Yemen Arab Republic established
26 September 1962
• South Yemen independenceb

30 November 1967
• Unification
22 May 1990
• Current constitution
16 May 1991
Area
• Total
555,000[3] km2 (214,000 sq mi) (49th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• 2023 estimate
34,277,612[4] (48th)
• Density
44.7/km2 (115.8/sq mi) (160th)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $65.603 billion[5] (111th)
• Per capita
$2,078[5] (213th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Decrease $28.134 billion[5] (111th)
• Per capita
$891[5] (195th)
Gini (2014)36.7[6]
medium
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.455[7]
low · 183th
CurrencyYemeni rial (YER)
Time zoneUTC+3 (AST)
Driving sideright[8]
Calling code+967
ISO 3166 codeYE
Internet TLD.ye, اليمن.
  1. From the Ottoman Empire.
  2. From the United Kingdom.
Republic of Zambia
Motto: 
"One Zambia, One Nation"
Anthem: "Stand and Sing of Zambia, Proud and Free"
Location of Zambia
Capital
and largest city
Lusaka
15°25′S 28°17′E / 15.417°S 28.283°E / -15.417; 28.283
Official languagesEnglish
Recognised regional languages
List
Ethnic groups
(2010[1])
List
Religion
Christianity (official)
Demonym(s)Zambian
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Hakainde Hichilema
• Vice President
Mutale Nalumango
• Speaker
Nelly Mutti
• Chief Justice
Mumba Malila
LegislatureNational Assembly
Independence 
• North-Western Rhodesia
27 June 1890
• Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia
28 November 1899
• North-Eastern Rhodesia
29 January 1900
• Amalgamation of Northern Rhodesia
17 August 1911
• Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1 August 1953
• Republic of Zambia
24 October 1964
Area
• Total
752,617 km2 (290,587 sq mi)[2] (38th)
• Water (%)
1
Population
• 2022 estimate
19,610,769[3] (63rd)
• Density
26.1/km2 (67.6/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$76.325 billion[4] (102nd)
• Per capita
Increase$3,803[4] (158th)
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
Increase$27.02 billion[4] (112nd)
• Per capita
Increase$1,348[4] (160th)
Gini (2015)57.1[5]
high
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.565[6]
medium · 154th
CurrencyZambian kwacha (ZMW)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+260
ISO 3166 codeZM
Internet TLD.zm
Republic of Zimbabwe
15 other official names[1]
Motto: "Unity, Freedom, Work"[2]
Anthem: "Blessed be the land of Zimbabwe"[3]
Location of Zimbabwe (dark green)
Location of Zimbabwe (dark green)
Capital
and largest city
Harare
17°49′45″S 31°03′08″E / 17.82917°S 31.05222°E / -17.82917; 31.05222
Official languages16 languages:[4]
Ethnic groups
(2012 Census[5])
Religion
(2017)[6]
Demonym(s)Zimbabwean
Zimbo[7] (colloquial)
GovernmentUnitary dominant-party presidential republic
• President
Emmerson Mnangagwa
• Vice-President
Constantino Chiwenga
LegislatureParliament
Senate
National Assembly
Independence from the United Kingdom
• Declared
11 November 1965
• Republic
2 March 1970
• Zimbabwe Rhodesia
1 June 1979
• Independence recognised
18 April 1980
• Current constitution
15 May 2013
Area
• Total
390,757 km2 (150,872 sq mi) (60th)
• Water (%)
1
Population
• 2022 estimate
15,121,004[8] (73rd)
• 2022 census
15,178,979[9]
• Density
39/km2 (101.0/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $42.4 billion[10] (131st)
• Per capita
Increase $2,627[10] (175th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Decrease $29.9 billion[10] (110th)
• Per capita
Decrease $1,851[10] (154th)
Gini (2019)Negative increase 50.3[11]
high
HDI (2021)Increase 0.593[12]
medium · 146th
CurrencyZimbabwean dollar
U.S. dollar ($) (USD)[13]
South African rand[13]; Other currencies[note 1]
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT[14])
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Driving sideleft
Calling code+263
ISO 3166 codeZW
Internet TLD.zw